1995-01004-Minutes for Meeting May 18,1994 Recorded 12/1/199495-01004
MINUTES rnl",
Continued Public Hearing 04
Cascade Pumice 94 B1'C -Ptl :
12
DESCHUTES COUNTY BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS ',Aply SH;7
May 18, 1994 (couNTY
Acting Chair Tom Throop opened the public hearing at 5:45 p.m.
Board of County Commissioners in attendance were Nancy Pope
Schlangen, Tom Throop, and Barry Slaughter. Also in attendance
were Bruce White and Dave Leslie.
Acting Chair Throop stated this was the continued public hearing on
the appeal of the Hearings Officer's decision on application SP -93-
29 by Cascade Pumice. The application was for a site plan at two
surface mining sites which are 355 and 356. Commissioner Throop
reported the record was open until this date for written rebuttal.
The purpose of the continued hearing this evening was to hear
rebuttal testimony on information that was raised on April 20,
1994.
Acting Chair Throop asked for disclosure from the Commissioners for
any prehearing contact in this matter. All three Commissioners
reported having no prehearing contact.
Ed Fitch, representing the appellants, requested that he be allowed
to do his rebuttal testimony at a later date as he had just
received additional information from the applicant.
Sharon Smith, for the applicant, apologized for getting the
materials in so late. She stated she could understand why the
appellant would want to have the opportunity to review it before
they responded. She stated the focus of the material submitted was
in rebuttal to the material the appellants presented at the last
hearing. Sharon Smith reported that Frank Schnitzer, from DOGAMI,
had requested the record be kept open for an additional two weeks
for written testimony so he could submit some information regarding
DOGAMI issues.
Dave Leslie reviewed the materials that were submitted since the
hearing on April 20, 1994. He had received notebooks from the
applicant for the Burden of Proof on the appeal of SP -93-29 and a
video tape. He had received a supplemental memorandum in
opposition to the site plan application of Cascade Pumice from the
appellants.
Dave Leslie reviewed the questions that were raised at the last
hearing. There were five legal issues that referred to the
ordinance criteria and issues related to surface mining in
Deschutes County. These issues include the question of whether
screening constitutes processing and whether screening operations
would need to occur 1/4 mile from surrounding uses. The second
issue raised was as to whether setbacks should be measured from
KEYPt9
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noise and dust sensitive structures and whether that term'e hes
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the structure to be a building or a property boundary. The third
question that was raised regarded whether berms that were needed to
mitigate noise impacts could be allowed within the setback
described in the ordinance. The fourth question was raised
regarding the ESEE and winter closure issues. The fifth question
raised was to the absence of a time having been set in the ESEE and
whether or not there was authority by the County to revoke the
original ESEE determination and impose time limits at this time.
Bruce White, Assistant County Counsel, gave the Board a copy of a
memo in which he summarized his responses. He also gave the Board
a copy of the applicable criteria for their assistance in reviewing
the testimony.
Bruce White stated the first question was whether screening
constituted processing as such that the 1/4 mile setback from
processing equipment applies. The staff feels that screening does
constitute processing. This does not mean that the applicant is
precluded from processing onsite, but that they do have to meet
additional criteria in the zoning ordinance.
Bruce White stated the second issue was regarding setbacks. The
question was whether the mining activity had to be set back 250
feet from the property line or from residential structures on
adjoining properties. The staff's conclusion was that the setbacks
were not from the property lines but from the dwellings on the
adjoining properties.
Commissioner Throop asked how Bruce White came to the conclusion
that the setback was from the dwelling. Bruce White stated he
referred to the definition of noise sensitive use which is in the
ordinance. That definition was taken from and modeled after DEQ's
noise regulations. DEQ's regulations focus on the structure and
not the entire property. Bruce White reported that in 1991 the
County adopted an Ordinance 91-038 to amend the noise sensitive use
which says that accessory structures such as garages and workshops
are not included in the definition of noise sensitive uses. Bruce
felt that this was showing that the focus was on the structure and
not the entire property.
Bruce White stated the third issues dealt with whether or not the
berms can be included within the required setbacks. It was staff's
conclusions that they may not be included within the required
setbacks because they are part of the surface mining activities.
Bruce White stated the fourth issue was related to the winter
closure issue which was originally include as an ESEE condition.
The question was whether the winter closure was based upon the
availability or nonavailabilty of water during the winter season.
Staff felt that this question was not relevant because that former
ESEE condition was taken out and was no longer in the current ESEE.
MINUTES PAGE 2 CASCADE PUMICE MAY 18, 1994
N
0137-1599
Therefore it is not a constraint on the site at this point.
Bruce White stated the final issue had to do with whether the
County could impose a time limit based upon allegations that during
the ESEE process it was understood that mining was to occur for a
very limited time period at this site. It has been suggested that
the County has the authority to revoke that prior zoning
designation because misinformation was given to the County during
the earlier ESEE process. Staff does not believe the County has
the authority to revoke that designation at this time. Bruce felt
the Board could not change the criteria while there was an
application before them.
Dave Leslie reported that he had examined the files for both of the
mining sites. The minutes from the Commissioner meetings indicate
that the time limit issue was raised. There was discussion and
concern about time limits. At those previous hearings Mr. Clark,
the prior General Manager of Cascade Pumice, reported mining would
continue for a short time frame. There were questions raised as to
whether a time limit could be placed. The matter was resolved with
a vote to approve the designation for surface mining.
Commissioner Throop asked if Dave Leslie would review the
discussion the Board had during the decision making proceeding in
1989. Dave Leslie reported he had not listened to the tapes and no
indication was given that there was a follow up discussion leading
to the decision by the Board that focused on that testimony.
Commissioner Throop requested that a transcription of the previous
tape (1989) be typed and distributed to the Board. He stated he
was interested in the actual Board discussion which led to and
framed the decision.
Bruce White felt that a transcript could be made for the Board and
other interested parties to review. By doing this, it would make
it part of the written record.
Sharon Smith provided the applicant's rebuttal. She shared an
illustration of the area of surface mining. She stated that Site
#357 was not part of this site plan application. The sites
involved in this site plan application are Site #355 and Site #356.
Sharon Smith reported that Dugan Pearsall had been with Cascade
Pumice for about three years. In that time he has taken great
steps to reclaim areas that were open and he has done reclamation
where he had not been required to do so under DOGAMI or Deschutes
County ordinance. She felt it was critical to keep in mind that
they needed to prove to the Board that in the future Sites 355 and
356 will meet Deschutes County standards in the ordinance.
Sharon Smith reported that one of the issues that had come up was
that Cascade Pumice did not have an adequate mining plan. She
MINUTES PAGE 3 CASCADE PUMICE MAY 18, 1994
U13'7 -16Q0
stated that there was no requirement in the Deschutes County
ordinance that requires a "mining plan". The requirement was that
they were not to disturb more than 5 acres at any one time and
Cascade Pumice plans to do less than that.
Sharon Smith stated that another issue that has come up was that
they did not have an adequate watering plan. She stated they have
provided a watering plan that was modeled after suggestions made by
staff. They have provided information that shows they have
adequate water. They have two acres of industrial use water from
the irrigation district and the capacity to use Avion Water 365
days per year. She felt the most important issue was whether or
not they could meet the DEQ ambient air quality standards
identified in the ordinance.
Sharon Smith reported that a review of the DEQ's files shows that
the renewal of the air contaminate discharge permit for Cascade
Pumice, which they have had since 1975, has periodic renewals. On
the renewals there were no notations of a violation of air quality
and there was never any public comment noted. The only complaint
in the DEQ file related to dust was in 1977. Cascade Pumice has
never received an air quality citation.
Kerrie Standlee, Daily, Standlee & Associates, reported his company
was never involved in a noise study of the noise that would be
generated by the blasting on the Tri -Met tunnel. He shared this
information as it was reported at the previous hearing that his
company had done the noise study on that particular project which
was not correct.
Kerrie Standlee reported that he felt the DEQ regulations could be
met through analysis of the sources and predicting that the sound
from those sources would meet the regulations. He used the same
methodology that is used by all acoustical engineers which includes
monitoring the equipment that would be used, getting a reference
sound level from that equipment at a distance which is not affected
by atmospheric conditions, topography or any other attenuating
factors. Then by using those reference sound levels in a
calculation and taking into account any factors which cause
attenuation of the sound, they look at each of the sounds
individually and sum the total of what the conditions would be with
different operating conditions. They look at what was proposed by
the applicant for their mining procedure so that the information
supplied is the result of calculations for the operation being
proposed.
Kerrie Standlee expressed concern over a video/audio tape that had
been shown during the first hearing. He stated the transcript
indicated that Mr. Harrison requested that the television volume be
loud as he was going to illustrate some contradictions to the noise
study.
MINUTES PAGE 4 CASCADE PUMICE MAY 18, 1994
0137-1601.
Kerrie Standlee gave each Commissioner a Larson Davis Model 700
sound level meter which was the meter that was used to monitor the
sound after the operation was started. He wanted the Commissioners
to use these to see what the sound levels were during the meeting
and they could compare that to what the DEQ regulations were.
Kerrie Standlee stated that the issue was whether Cascade Pumice
could meet the regulation as specified by DEQ. He felt that based
on what he had observed, the sound level will be much louder than
what they are experiencing from Site 357 at this time. The
regulations have nothing to do with whether the sound was audible.
It was strictly a level regulation and that was the maximum
allowable for any mining site. There was no determination as to
what the noise levels would be at the upstairs of homes which would
not be screened by the proposed berms. The calculations were made
according to the DEQ procedures. The calculations were made 25
feet from the residence and 5 feet above the ground. DEQ requires
that sound measurements not be made when the wind is 10 mph or
above, therefore they did not calculate what the sound conditions
would be during those wind conditions.
Commissioner Throop asked Kerrie Standlee what the operational
differences were between the old site and the two new sites.
Kerrie Standlee stated that if some of the equipment used on the
old site is used on the new site, the noise standards could not be
met.
Commissioner Throop requested that Kerrie Standlee describes what
the standards are that have to be met and if he would demonstrate
why this operation meets the requirements. Kerrie Standlee stated
it would be difficult because the regulations are so complex.
Kerrie Standlee reported that the hourly L-50 limit of 55 DBA means
the noise radiating from any mining site must be 55 DBA or less for
30 minutes of every 60 minute time period. The hourly L-10 limit
of 60 DBA means that during the 30 minutes when noise can be 55 DBA
or greater, the noise can be 60 DBA or greater for only 6 minutes.
The hourly L-1 limit of 75 DBA means that during the 6 minutes, the
sound can be 60 DBA or greater, the sound can be 75 DBA or greater
for only 36 seconds. He stated that the equipment noise, if it ran
continuously without fluctuating, the noise level would be 55 DBA
or less at all times.
Commissioner Throop stated that when Kerrie Standlee talked, his
voice registered about 55 DBA. Commissioner Throop asked if the
sound level he would hear as neighbor to the mining site would be
the equivalent to the sound level of Kerrie talking during the
meeting. Kerrie Standlee felt that would be level the neighbors
would hear the majority of the time. Commissioner Throop asked
that if he recorded that sound and then played it back at that
level, then that would be the sound that he could expect to hear
from his house. Kerrie stated that the level of that sound would
be at 55 DBA or less. Kerrie stated that the equipment does not
MINUTES PAGE 5 CASCADE PUMICE MAY 18, 1994
010 7-16C2
have just one constant speed that it runs. Every time the
equipment stops the level drops and when they start up again, the
level comes back up. The worse case would be if they never
stopped, but we know that is not going to be the case.
Commissioner Throop asked if it was less distracting for a receiver
to hear a constant level of sound or is it less distracting for a
receiver to hear sound going up and down in varying pitches.
Kerrie Standlee felt it was less distracting if it was constant up
to a certain level. Once it gets up to a certain level it is going
to be distracting. Commissioner Throop asked what the level would
be. Kerrie Standlee stated that if someone was subjected to 80 DBA
constantly, they would probably not like it. If someone was
subjected to 55 DBA constantly and the level ranged up and down
between 40 and 55, they might find the 55 DBA more preferable than
the fluctuating.
Commissioner Slaughter asked if temperature and altitude had
anything to do with the sound. Kerrie Standlee reported that
temperature itself does not have as much effect on the sound. He
stated higher temperatures create wind which creates more
turbulence and attenuate sound. The maximum sound propagating
conditions occur with lower temperatures, higher humidity, and calm
wind conditions.
Dave Leslie asked if Mr. Standlee had an opinion as to whether the
relocation of the berms would allow the operation to meet the
applicable DEQ noise standards and would modifications need to be
made to the berms because of the new position. Mr. Standlee felt
it would improve the conditions because the berm would be closer to
the sound source than was originally assumed. He stated that as
the noise barrier gets closer to the noise source it was more
effective.
Commissioner Slaughter asked if the back-up signal on the equipment
could be turned off . Kerrie Standlee stated that there are ways to
reduce the noise radiating from those sources, but he felt that
they could not be turned off completely.
Bruce Snyder, Environmental Scientist, stated what he felt were the
applicable air quality rules should be for this operation on sites
#355 and #356. He stated there had been some testimony that there
were EPA rules that apply directly to this site. He reported that
there were no EPA rules that apply directly to this site. The
Oregon DEQ administers the EPA rules. He stated that there were
many DEQ rules that apply to a variety of air pollution sources.
DEQ rewrote and added new sections to its rules. The rule that
applied to the Cascade Pumice application was the highest and best
practicable treatment rule which is contained in OAR Chapter 340,
Division 28. The rule states that the highest and best practicable
treatment and control of air contaminant emissions shall in every
case be provided so as to maintain overall air quality at the
highest possible levels and maintain contaminant concentrations,
MINUTES PAGE 6 CASCADE PUMICE MAY 18, 1994
Ulo 7-1603
visibility reduction, odors, soiling, and other factors at the
lowest possible levels. The rule also goes on to say that in cases
of new sources of contamination, particularly those located in the
areas with existing high air quality, the degree of treatment and
control provided shall be such that degradation of existing air
quality was minimized to the greatest extent possible.
He stated section two of the rule states that a source was deemed
in compliance with the first part if it was in compliance with all
other applicable emission standards and requirements contained in
Divisions 20-32 of OAR Chapter 340, which is the air quality rule.
Division 20 adopts the state implementation plan which was not
applicable to this site. Division 21 talks about special control
areas and does not apply to this application. Division 22
addresses gaseous emissions and this project will not be a source
of gaseous emissions as defined in that section, therefore this
section was not applicable. Division 23 was open burning. This
was not an open burning source and that division was not
applicable. Division 24 addresses motor vehicle emissions and the
requirements for motor vehicle inspections in certain areas of the
state and those issues did not address the emissions from heavy
duty equipment, off road equipment nor diesel trucks, therefore it
was not applicable. Division 25 contains special industrial
standards and new source performance standards which is not
applicable. Division 26 was field burning which is not applicable.
Division 27 talks about air pollution emergencies. The operations
at this site are not applicable under the emergencies rules.
Division 28 had applicable sections in section 200-520 which deals
with the agencies ability to request information from any source to
require registration and it was applicable. This application does
comply. Section 620-640 deals with operation and maintenance
requirements which are applicable. Based on the measures Cascade
Pumice will comply with typically achievable technology. Division
28 also included a new section regarding Federal operating permits,
Title V permits, which was not applicable. Division 29 deals with
Lynn, Benton, Polk and Marion Counties on the west side which are
not applicable. Division 30 talks about areas with special
requirements which list Medford and La Grande and was not
applicable. Division 31 was the ambient air quality standards
which were applicable. The site does comply. In DEQ's 1991
renewal of the permit for the crushers noted that the area was in
compliance with all applicable air quality standards. Division 32
deals with hazardous air pollutants which was not applicable. The
proposed operations in Site #355 and #356 will be conducted in
compliance with all the applicable sections of the DEQ rules,
therefore they will meet the standard of highest and best
practicable treatment.
He stated he had reviewed the files for Cascade Pumice for the
operating permit for the crushers and any other information in the
files at DEQ Headquarters in Portland to see if there was
MINUTES PAGE 7 CASCADE PUMICE MAY 18, 1994
01137-1
information there that may not have been in the files located in
Bend. He stated the files included the original permit
applications, permit review reports, site inspection reports,
permit correspondence and annual reports as required by the
operating permits for the crushers. The original permit and all
subsequent renewals name the crushers as the sources regulated by
the permit. The permit covers the crusher at the cinder pit at
Tumalo and the one at Deschutes Junction and their associated
activities. The permits do include a special condition which
requires dust suppression measures such as, but not limited to,
watering or paving of heavily traveled roads, and requires
operation of air contaminant generating process so that fugitive
type dust associated with the operation will be adequately
controlled at all times. Prior to 1991 this condition also
mentioned oiling of roads as an acceptable dust suppression
measure, but with concerns for water pollution control that has
been removed. There are emission limits for the crushers and they
require that they operate at less than 20% opacity except for three
minutes out of any hour. The inspection reports showed no
violations and note the lack of problems. In the Portland files
there were no complaints noted or listed. The 1991 Review Report
stated that the plants are not located in a special control area.
The plants are in an area that was in attainment for all
pollutants.
He stated another thing that he was requested to do was to quantify
or estimate what the effects of the operation of these activities
on sites #355 and #356 was going to be. EPA has a set of
guidelines that they have published and he utilized. The
guidelines are found in a document called A Handbook for Fugitive
Dust Control at Open Sources which was written in 1988. It
provides a series of equations that can be used to try to quantify
how effective a watering program might be on a given site or how
much dust might be released by truck traffic on roads or by grading
activities on these sites. He stated he started with an assumption
that he would try to find the watering program that would achieve
95% control of uncontrolled emissions from these primary
activities. Once he had done that, he developed an estimate of
emissions from each of the activities on the site using equations
and methods listed in the handbook. EPA has published a handbook
called AP -42 which was a handbook of emission factors. He stated
he used that information to develop emission estimates from trucks
traveling on the roads and from grading and moving operations
associated with the top soil and overburden removal. He reported
Century West Engineering went to the site and took samples of the
haul road surface materials, of the top soils, and of the
overburden materials in sites #355 and #356. He stated he used
those samples in his analysis. He stated the reason they did a 200
mesh screen analysis was because the particles that pass the 200
mesh screen are about 75 microns, which was of a size that was near
the upper end of particles that you could expect to be carried by
reasonably strong winds. He stated the model was run for two
MINUTES PAGE 8 CASCADE PUMICE MAY 18, 1994
0137-16C5
conditions. One was an annual condition because there is an annual
ambient air quality standards that DEQ has adopted. The other was
for a 24 hour standard. For the annual standard he used data from
the Redmond Airport. That data was input with the source strength
data from the various activities on the site. He took all of the
activities together. From those he put together a model output for
an annual average concentration. He stated he looked at the
receptor along the north boundary of the sites #355 and #356 where
the residences were located.
DEQ ambient air quality standards are not necessarily standards
that are to be used by the agency to access a specific source.
Particulate in the air downstream from this site could also include
materials which came from upwind or materials that came from site
#357. If you were downwind from this site and you took a sample of
what was in the air, there would be no way you could tell which of
those dust particles came from this site or other dust sources in
the area. The models suggest that the site operations will not
violate ambient air quality standards of DEQ either on a 24 hour or
annual basis and the deposition of the model showed that the DEQ
for standard particle fall out would not be violated either.
Mr. Snyder stated that he was also asked to review some of the
testimony submitted on air quality issues. He stated there was
written information provided but he reviewed a few issues with the
Board. The methods that were used by the appellants to estimate
the potential dust from the site were based on assumptions that
were not valid. He stated EPA has spent a lot of money developing
the methods for estimating fugitive emissions and they are well
accepted. He stated there had been testimony that a watering
program would not work at this site. He reported that DOGAMI's
publication on pumice in Oregon notes that pumice particles are
lighter than water and they will float until the holes in them are
filled and the fragments become saturated. He stated this meant to
him that you can wet it. The moisture content measured from the
pumice mined at this site runs on the order of high 20% or low 30%
moisture. The pumice as it was mined was so wet that when it gets
to the crusher at Deschutes Junction that DEQ noted that there was
water running out of the bottom of the crusher. He stated the
issue was whether or not the equipment on site could apply water in
the required amounts at the required frequencies. The work that he
had done developed a watering plan that states, by month, how often
these activities need to receive water in order to maintain this
95% control effectiveness.
He stated erosion will not take place until the pumice is exposed
and broken up into fine enough particles that it can be moved by
the wind. When he visited the site he was looking at the top soil
that had been recently placed in the reclamation area and there had
been sprinkling done on the top soil. There was a substantial
crust on the top soil. He felt that as long as that crust was
maintained the material underneath would not be erodible. He
MINUTES PAGE 9 CASCADE PUMICE MAY 18, 1994
613117-16006
stated there was a lot of material that was potentially available
for erosion at the site. The way to control that potential was to
water.
He addressed the issue of the screener being stored off site. He
stated the very best place to have the screen on the site was down
in the slot which was where it stayed until a slot was mined out.
It is then moved to the next slot. The reason that the slot was
the best place was because that's the place where it would be most
shielded from any wind.
He stated he was not stating that there would not be any dust. He
stated that he was saying that the dust that was generated on sites
#355 and #356 would be in compliance with DEQ air quality
standards.
Bruce White asked what Bruce Snyder felt the applicable ambient air
quality standards were. Bruce Snyder stated the applicable ambient
air quality standards are those for suspended particulate PM10
which was a subfraction of suspended particulate smaller than 10
microns in size and particle fallout.
Commissioner Throop stated he had seen huge plumes of dust in the
air as he drove to and from work. He asked Mr. Snyder why would
there be technology to deal with the dust problems on site #355 and
#356 when they did not have the technology to deal with them on
#357. Mr. Snyder stated that when Dugan Pearsall started with
Cascade Pumice, site #357 was already broken and Dugan tried to fix
it. What was proposed was that they were going to start out right
with site #355 and #356. They would minimize the surface area that
would be available for wind erosion by minimizing the surface area
that would be disturbed at any one time. They would have a very
aggressive program for applying soil sealers and treatments to the
roads to ensure that this material would not be available for wind
erosion.
Bruce White stated that Mr. Snyder testified that Cascade Pumice
proposal would comply with the applicable standards. Bruce asked
if it was necessary to factor in the characteristics of this
particular mining operations in reaching that conclusion. Bruce
Snyder stated that they characterized the particle size less than
75 microns, measured the area of roads existing and proposed, the
size and the surface area of the berms, and the size of the mining
slots which was used in his estimate. He stated that because of
the persistent southeasterly wind directions and the residences on
the north side of the site, he ran the model two different ways.
He assumed there were three active slots at one time. One in which
overburden removal was taking place, one in which the extraction
activity was taking place and one in which reclamation was taking
place. The models were ran with the three slots parallel to the
north boundary and then ran it with the three slots in a tier
MINUTES PAGE 10 CASCADE PUMICE MAY 18, 1994
perpendicular to the boundary.
difference in the results.
01����,
The model showed little or no
Bruce Snyder stated that when the materials are being moved and the
surface was dry and soft without a crust was when the wind erosion
occurred. Bruce White asked if the slot was not covered with a
sealant would it be available for wind erosion. Bruce Snyder
stated there would materials on the surface of the slot wall when
the slot was first open that would be available to wind erosion.
He felt that as soon as those loose particles were removed by the
wind, there would be a much lower number of particles available for
wind erosion.
Ed Fitch asked if the soil sealant was water soluble. Bruce Snyder
felt that it was. He stated that the soil seal would still be
effective after one rain fall. The effectiveness would decrease
over a period of time.
Dugan Pearsall submitted testimony and photographs regarding grass
that was planted, soil seal being applied, and trucks watering the
road to control dust and wind erosion. Dugan stated the
manufacturer says that the soil seal would last a year depending on
the weather conditions. He stated the dust could not be controlled
just with water. He stated the soil seal was expensive. The
amount they applied to 3 or 4 acres was about $4,000.
Andy Seamans testified regarding the drill samples. He stated the
overburden was thickest in the south and gets thinner as you go
north.
Sharon Smith requested that the Board of County Commissioners visit
the site if they had the time. The Board decided they would make
a site visit on May 24, 1994, at 9:15 a.m.
Acting Chair Throop stated the public hearing would be continued to
Tuesday, May 31, 1994, at 5:30 p.m.
DATED this 18'1 day of , 1994, by the
Board of Commissioners of D schutes (-�
ty, Oregon.
c' n n
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iT:
Recording Secr tary
hlangen, Chair
' ( `i1M ( vwuuf
Tom Throop, Commissioner
,&A,j hl --c/
Barry Il. Slaughter, Commissioner
MINUTES PAGE 11 CASCADE PUMICE MAY 18, 1994