HomeMy WebLinkAboutOpponent Rebuttal LtrPaul D. Dewey Attorney at Law
1539 NW Vicksburg
Bend, Oregon 97701
(541) 420-8455
pdewey@bendcable.com
June 18, 2014
Deschutes County Board of Commissioners
1300 NW Wall St.
Bend, OR 97701
Re: Loyal Land, LLC File No. DR -11-8
Remand from Land Use Board of Appeals and Oregon Court of Appeals
Dear Commissioners:
This letter is on behalf of Nunzie Gould in response to Loyal Land's letter and submittals of June
11. We will respond according to each of the Applicant's categories in that letter.
SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT
Loyal Land's new letter and materials do not establish that it initiated use of the resort CMP. As
much as Loyal Land attempts to divert the Board's attention to looking at other resorts, or
appeals, or the BLM, or the economy, it cannot avoid the fundamental facts that the Thornburgh
CMP decision is unique to that resort and has no applicability to other resorts and that Loyal
Land did not obtain available extension periods and, even when it did obtain a one-year
extension, it did not make use of it.
In fact, there was no reason for Loyal Land to be pursing an initiation of use determination in the
first place at such a preliminary stage of development of the resort. Loyal Land had at least four
years of extensions within which to pursue the resort development and the logical approach
would have been to accomplish as much as possible on the resort before seeking a determination
of initiation of use. Its failure to do more is its fault.
"History of Destination Resort Approvals in Deschutes County"
Loyal Land asserts that the history of destination resort approvals in Deschutes County
"demonstrates the near impossibility of meaningful destination resort development if the hearings
officer's interpretation of the DCC is adopted." This is not correct for three reasons.
1. First, each development is unique and depends on the wording and terms of each resort
approval. In this case LUBA found, as affirmed by the Oregon Court of Appeals, that the
wording of Thornburgh CMP decision meant that approval of subsequent land use approvals was
required. Since LUBA said that other destination resort CMP decisions do not need to require
that language and even suggested other approval language to avoid that result (see LUBA Slip
Op. 19), there is no reason why this situation would ever be repeated. The result here is due to
the CMP decision and its particular conditions of approval, not any interpretation of the County
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June 18, 2014
Page 2
Code. It is also the product, as Commissioner Luke pointed out, of an application that was
incomplete in the first place and relied on many conditions of approval being carried out.
All of the so-called interpretations of the Code that Loyal Land attributes to the Hearings Officer
are actually interpretations of the Thornburgh CMP decision made by LUBA and the Court of
Appeals.
Loyal Land's Table of Resort Approval Dates is of no use for comparison with the Thornburgh
Resort except that it shows the variability of development in various resorts. The Table does not
reveal the efforts of each developer or the extent to which they pursued extensions to carry out
their developments. Also, the column of "Time elapsed between final CMP and last approval" is
irrelevant as to Thornburgh since the running of the two-year expiration period for the CMP was
tolled due to appeals (meaning that Thornburgh got an automatic one and a half year extension).
Loyal Land argues that a difference between Thornburgh and other resorts is that it had more
appeals. That is irrelevant to the issue of whether the CMP permit expired here since appeals of
the CMP actually extended the time for the permit. Also, the last appeal of the CMP was
resolved in April of 2008, six years ago. The last appeal of the FMP ended in February 2010
(LUBA Slip Op. 3), four years ago.
The true difference between these other resorts and Thornburgh is that they pursued and obtained
extensions of time within which to complete their resorts under the County's liberal extension
opportunities, while Loyal Land did not.
Loyal Land also contends it could not have completed all seven phases of the resort within two
years. Actually, neither LUBA nor the Hearings Officer required that. LUBA stated:
"[I]t is simply inaccurate...to say that the applicant would necessarily have to
completely construct the Thornburgh Destination Resort to avoid having the April
15, 2008 CMP decision become void...All that would be required is for the
hearings officer to find that for any conditions of approval that are not fully
exercised because the applicant failed to secure additional permits that are
necessary to fully comply with such conditions of approval, that failure was not
the applicant's fault." (LUBA Slip Op. 21)
The Hearings Officer also explained:
"I find it would have been possible for TRC to obtain approval of the final FMP
and the tentative and final plats for the first two phases of the Thornburgh
Destination Resort before November 11, 2011. Securing those approvals would
not have constituted full compliance with all CMP conditions because, as
discussed in the findings below, several conditions require action related to resort
construction. Nevertheless, it would have been full compliance with at least 9 of
the remaining CMP conditions requiring actions contingent on final plat approval.
It also could have provided the foundation for a finding that the CMP conditions
of approval "viewed as a whole" were substantially exercised given the
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June 18, 2014
Page 3
significance of obtaining CMP and FMP approval and tentative and final plat
approval for the first two development phases." (Original emphasis; footnote
omitted.) (HO Dec 31)
Additionally, if the resort were so advanced that it was in the midst of its phases, it is highly
unlikely that the Applicant would have a sought a determination of initiation of use based on
DCC 22.36.020(A)(3) regarding satisfaction of conditions of approval. At that point, the
Applicant would be asserting that substantial construction had already occurred under DCC
22.36.020(A)(2).
Finally, Loyal Land asserts that the Hearings Officer's decision "would make all destination
resorts of any complexity... untenable" and presumes that "the county would be denied the many
benefits of destination resorts." Nothing in Linda Swearingen's Power Point is relevant here.
The issue before the Board is not the benefits or disadvantages of destination resorts, but whether
the CMP permit for this particular resort expired and whether the Applicant was at fault for not
fully complying with the conditions of approval.
It should also be noted that the information in this Power Point from 2004-07 is seriously
outdated, as is the 2005 design for the Thornburgh Resort itself. The Thornburgh mega resort
model of 2005 is no longer being proposed in the market that now is seeing small eco -resorts or
smaller resorts to be located near existing developments like Sunriver or near Bend.
There is a reason why the State and Deschutes County have rules providing that permits expire
after a certain time period. Over time, development proposals, like the Thornburgh Resort,
become outdated, markets change, ownerships become fragmented through bankruptcies and the
viability of what was originally proposed and approved in a land use permit disappears. This is
particularly the case with the Thornburgh Resort which still lacks an FMP and where the new
owner of the land has done nothing to pursue the FMP for three years.
"Continuous Commitment of the Developers to Project Completion"
The Applicant asserts that it was not dilatory in pursuing the project and devoted substantial
resources to it, "which includes the time period after the FMP was remanded to the County in
August 2010. There is simply no evidence of such work and substantial resources on the FMP
remand. Following the February 2010 remand by the Court of Appeals, there has simply been no
initiation of the remand by the Applicant.
Even after the BLM in 2011 said where wildlife mitigation could occur, and even after Loyal
Land got a one-year extension in 2012 from the County so that it had one year and nine months
to initiate the remand, and even though Loyal Land asserts the remand only involved "minor"
issues, and despite all further work on the resort being dependent on getting FMP approval,
Loyal Land did not even initiate the FMP remand.
Confusingly, after complaining of "delay at the BLM, the economic crisis, the many appeals and
the fact that the DCC itself calls for a complicated and time-consuming three step approval
process for destination resorts," Loyal Land states that "trying to lay blame somewhere is an
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June 18, 2014
Page 4
unnecessary diversion" and "regardless of who...is at fault," the Applicant is not at fault. This
argument for a "no fault" standard for non-compliance with conditions of approval is simply
contrary to the Code which requires that the Applicant prove that it is not at fault for not fully
complying with all conditions.
"Request for Extensions of the CMP"
Loyal Land attempts to excuse its late filing for a second extension (which was only one day
before what it thought was the deadline) on the basis that "[a]t the time, there was no definitive
ruling on when the CMP was due to expire." Well, if that was the case, it would have been
prudent for Loyal Land to have acted conservatively and filed early in an abundance of caution,
not just one day before the latest possible deadline.
Loyal Land also states that its extension application "was put on hold pending a decision on the
declaratory ruling request." There was no reason, however, for that being put on hold except that
Loyal Land chose to request it, deciding to put all of its eggs in the basket of a determination of
initiation of use.
The requests for an extension and a determination of initiation of use were not mutually
exclusive. Loyal Land could have pursued the extension and done work on the FMP while it was
simultaneously pursuing the initiation of use determination. Again, it was premature anyway to
pursue the initiation of use before getting the extensions and further pursuing development.
Loyal Land then blames LUBA's ruling that the expiration date was November 18, 2011, for
why it was late in filing for a second extension. However, as LUBA points out, the clear issue
before LUBA was whether the permit expired on October 26 or December 7, or somewhere in
between. (LUBA Slip Op. 10-11) Given that range of dates of possible determinations of when
the permit expired, Loyal Land could have very simply and conservatively applied for an
extension on the earliest possible date, October 26, not the latest possible date in December.
Loyal Land in its June 11 letter to the Board states:
"All parties understood December 7 to be the relevant date based on the Hearings
Officer's April 12, 2012 decision."
That is obviously not correct. Ms. Gould appealed that date to LUBA, arguing it should be
October 26. (LUBA Slip Op. 10-11)
It is also not correct for Loyal Land to claim "that the expiration date was changed retroactively
by LUBA." There was nothing "retroactive" about LUBA's decision. Since the Hearings
Officer's decision and her determination of an expiration date were appealed, there was nothing
"final" about them. Everyone knew LUBA was going to decide the expiration date was between
October 26 and December 7.
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June 18, 2014
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Furthermore, if Loyal Land did not like LUBA's ruling on the expiration date being November
18, then it should have appealed that issue in its appeal to the Oregon Court of Appeals, but it did
not do so.
Loyal Land then blames the County because the Applicant was allegedly informed by County
staff that its second application would be denied. Even if Loyal Land was told that, it does not
mean Loyal Land could not have still pursued the second extension and appealed any County
staff denial to the Board of Commissioners. Instead, Loyal Land simply gave up and withdrew
all of its applications for extensions of time. That is Loyal Land's fault, not the fault of the
County or of LUBA.
"Additional Evidence"
Loyal Land then lists additional evidence allegedly "relevant to this appeal."' Most of this
evidence isn't even referenced in its letter, however, including emails from Mr. Kahlie and Mr.
Bryant, photographs of road improvements and a Thornburgh recreation amenities plan.
Presumably the Kahlie email is to relate to Condition of Approval #18 which provided that no
development would be allowed on slopes of 25% or more. The Hearings Officer found this
condition had not been "substantially exercised" because no development occurred and that it
was the Applicant's fault for failing to fully comply with the condition since it "was responsible
for its delay in initiating the FMP remand." (H.O. Decis., p. 37) That some design work was
done on the 25% rule only for "Phase A" does not constitute a "substantially exercised"
condition where there were seven phases and no development even occurred on Phase A.
The Bryant email apparently is to relate to Condition of Approval #29 requiring compliance at all
times with the MOU with ODOT. The Hearings Officer found that it was unnecessary to
consider whether this condition was substantially exercised since the Applicant was at fault for
not pursuing the FMP and other approvals. But she also found it was not substantially exercised
since the Thornburgh development that would have triggered ODOT improvements (such as at
Hwy 20 in Tumalo) did not occur. (H.O. Decis., p. 41)
The photos of a road are presumably related to Condition #4 that "any secondary ingress/egress
across the BLM-owned land or roadways shall be improved" and that "[e]mergency secondary
resort access roads shall be improved before any Final Plat approval." The Hearings Officer
found that the determination of whether the condition was substantially exercised was
unnecessary since the Applicant was at fault for not fully complying with the condition (because
of its delay in initiating the FMP remand and obtaining other approvals). But the Hearings
Officer also found that the condition was not substantially exercised, that merely obtaining right-
of-way from BLM was not enough. (H.O. Decis., p. 33)
All of this and the other evidence submitted by Loyal Land in this remand should not be considered as they are
outside the scope of LUBA's remand. LUBA clearly did not remand the case for reopening the record as it directed
only the making of findings. (LUBA Slip Op. 21) We have also submitted evidence, but only to respond to Loyal
Land's evidence. None of it should be considered.
Deschutes County Board of Commissioners
June 18, 2014
Page 6
The three emergency secondary resort access roads are not even identified and the construction
of the Hwy 126 North access road necessary to serve the proposed first phase is irrelevant to that
condition. That is relevant to Condition #3 requiring a connection to Hwy 126 which the
Hearings Officer already found to be satisfied.
It is not clear why the Thornburgh recreation amenities plan is attached to Loyal Land's letter, as
it relates only to Condition of Approval #13 requiring the Applicant to specify all recreational
facilities within the proposed resort, which the Hearings Officer already found to be satisfied.
Note that what the Hearings Officer found not to be satisfied was Condition of Approval #12
requiring "commercial, cultural, entertainment or accessory uses" not to be oriented to public
roadways, to be incidental to the resort itself and to be contained within the development. The
recreation amenities plan really does not address this condition.
We do disagree with the Hearings Officer in one respect, that Condition #38 regarding a wildlife
mitigation plan "was substantially exercised" since the plan was ultimately rejected by LUBA
and the Court of Appeals. It would be illogical to presume that the mere submittal of an
inadequate wildlife plan with the FMP would satisfy this condition of approval.2 The Applicant
is also incorrect in suggesting at p. 9 of the Power Point that Condition of Approval #28 is
irrelevant, as if it was superseded by Condition #38. In fact, Condition #28 concerns all elements
of the MOU with BLM, not just with wildlife issues.3
CONCLUSION
Just as with other land use permits which have expired in Deschutes County, where applicants
are required to resubmit applications if they wish to pursue development, the same should apply
to the Thornburgh Resort. Just because it is a large proposed development does not mean that it
should somehow be excused from the requirements that apply to all other developments in the
County.
Very truly yours,
PAUL DEWEY
cc: Client
David Petersen
2 She found, though, and Loyal Land agrees, that it wasn't fully complied with. As the Hearings Officer determined,
that was Loyal Land's fault for not initiating the FMP remand.
3 Loyal Land has included a copy of Hearings Officer Briggs' FMP conditions of approval apparently to allegedly
show that CMP Condition of Approval #28 was dropped and replaced with new conditions #38 and #39. That is an
error since Condition #28 was broader than just the wildlife plan addressed by Conditions #38 and #39. Also, the
controlling decision on the contents of the CMP conditions of approval is the Board's CMP decision, not the
Hearings Officer's FMP decision. What is being construed here are the CMP conditions of approval, not the FMP
conditions of approval. The Board's CMP Condition of Approval #28 is still in effect.