HomeMy WebLinkAboutHearing - Zone Chg - F1 to F2rf0vT E s C
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Deschutes County Board of Commissioners
1300 NW Wall St., Suite 200, Bend, OR 97701-1960
(541) 388-6570 - Fax (541) 385-3202 - www.deschutes.org
AGENDA REQUEST & STAFF REPORT
For Board Business Meeting of January 5, 2009
Please see directions for completing this document on the next page.
DATE: 12/8/08
FROM: Will Groves
CDD x6518
TITLE OF AGENDA ITEM:
A de novo hearing on the Belveron Real Estate Partners' proposed zone change from Forest Use (F-1)
to Forest Use (F-2) for an approximately 179.49 -acre parcel located west of Highway 97 and south of
Sunriver.
PUBLIC HEARING ON THIS DATE? Yes
BACKGROUND AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS:
The applicant requests approval of a zone change from F-1 to F-2 for the subject property. Although the
applicant did not file a development application in conjunction with this application, the intent of the
proposed zone change is to expand the uses permitted on the subject property to include potential
mapping and development of a destination resort, a use not permitted in the F-1 Zone.
The Hearings Officer found the application met all relevant criteria and approved the applicant's
proposed zone change from F-1 to F-2 for the subject property, in a decision dated November 26, 2008.
Under 22.28.030(C) zone changes concerning lands designated for forest use shall be heard de nov(
before the Board of County Commissioners without the necessity of filing an appeal, regardless of 1 he
determination of the Hearings Officer.
The county accepted the application as complete on September 21, 2008. The 150 -day clock will e> pire
on February 18, 2009.
FISCAL IMPLICATIONS:
None.
RECOMMENDATION & ACTION REQUESTED:
Conduct de novo hearing.
ATTENDANCE: BOCC, Legal, Will Groves
DISTRIBUTION OF DOCUMENTS:
BOCC, Legal, Will Groves
Community Development Department
Planning Division Building Safety Division Environmental Health Division
December 5, 2008
117 NW Lafayette Avenue Bend Oregon 97701-1925
(541)388-6575 FAX (541)385-1764
http://www.co.deschutes.or.lisjcddj
MEMORANDUM
To: Deschutes Board of County Commissioners
From: Will Groves, Senior Planner
Subject: A de novo hearing on a proposed zone change from Forest Use (F-1) to
Forest Use (F-2) for an approximately 179.49 -acre parcel located west of
Highway 97 and south of Sunriver.
BACKGROUND
The applicant requests approval of a zone change from F-1 to F-2 for the subject property.
Although the applicant did not file a development application in conjunction with this
application, the intent of the proposed zone change is to expand the uses permitted on the
subject property to include potential mapping and development of a destination resort, a use
not permitted in the F-1 Zone.
The Hearings Officer found the application met all relevant criteria and approved the
applicant's proposed zone change from F-1 to F-2 for the subject property, in a decision
dated November 26, 2008.
Under 22.28.030(C) zone changes concerning lands designated for forest use shall be
heard de novo before the Board of County Commissioners without the necessity of filing an
appeal, regardless of the determination of the Hearings Officer.
The county accepted the application as complete on September 21, 2008. The 150 -day
clock will expire on February 18, 2009.
STAFF DISCUSSION
Quality Services Performed with Pride
Staff concurs with the Hearings Officer decision. As of the writing of this memo, there is
no public or agency opposition to this proposal.
DOCUMENTATION
A copy of the staff report and Hearings Officer decision are attached for your review.
SCHEDULE
This item is scheduled for a de novo hearing at 10 A.M. on January 5, 2009. Please feel
free to contact me with any questions or concerns.
F DEscetonsmunitrasvelopiwent Department
APPLICANT'S
ATTORNEY:
REQUEST:
Planning Division Building Safety Division Environmental Health Division
117 NW Lafayette Avenue Bend Oregon 97701-1925
ER: Belveron Real Estate Partners, LLC (541)388-6575 FAX (541)385-1764
268 Bush Street, #3534 http://www.co.deschutes.or. Js/cdd/
San Francisco, California 94104
STAFF REVIEWER:
HEARING DATE/
RECORD CLOSED:
Liz Fancher
644 N.W. Broadway Street
Bend, Oregon 97701
The applicant requests approval of a zone change from F-1 to F-2
for an approximately 179.49 -acre parcel located west of Highway
97 and south of Sunriver.
Will Groves, Senior Planner
October 14, 2008
I. APPLICABLE STANDARDS AND CRITERIA:
A. Title 18 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Zoning Ordinance
1. Chapter 18.136, Amendments
* Section 18.136.010, Amendments
* Section 18.136.020, Rezoning Standards
Title 23 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Comprehensive Plan
1. Chapter 23.92, Forest Lands
* Section 23.92.020, Goal
* Section 23.92.030, Policies
Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR) Chapter 660
B.
C.
1. OAR 660-012-0060, Plan and Land Use Regulation Amendments
2. OAR 660-015-0000, Statewide Planning Goals
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Quality Services Performed with Pride
II. FINDINGS OF FACT:
A. Location: The subject property is located approximately 18 miles southwest of Bend and
about 5 miles southwest of Sunriver. It abuts Vandevert Road on the north, Blue Eagle
Road on the west, a strip of land owned by the Burlington Northern -Santa Fe (BNSF)
Railroad on the east, and land owned and managed by the United States Forest Service
(USFS) on the south. The subject property is further identified as Tax Lot 104 on
Deschutes County Assessor's Map 20-11-00.
B. Zoning and Plan Designation: The subject property is zoned F-1, Forest Use and
designated Forest on the Deschutes County Comprehensive Plan map.
C. Site Description: According to the Assessor's records, the subject property is
approximately 179.49 acres in size.' The property is irregular in shape, undeveloped and
vegetated with ponderosa and lodgepole pine trees and native brush and grasses. The
property is known as Parcel C of Tract C, a 950 -acre parcel identified by the USFS in
2000 for conveyance into private ownership. The applicant purchased the subject
property on February 20, 2008. The subject property is isolated from other USFS lands in
the Deschutes National Forest by the BNSF railroad tracks, Highway 97, and destination
resort and other residential developments.
D. Surrounding Zoning and Land Uses: Land to the north across Vandevert Road consists
of Parcel A of Tract C of the former USFS land, a 110 -acre parcel. On May 30, 2007 this
Hearings Officer issued a decision approving a zone change from F-1 to F-2 for Parcel A
of Tract C (Pine Forest, ZC-06-3, Ordinance No. 2007-022). The Deschutes County
Board of Commissioners (board) approved this zone change on September 5, 2007 by
Ordinance No. 2007-022. Adjacent to Parcel A on the west is the Caldera Springs
destination resort on land zoned F-2.
Land further to the north of the subject property consists of the Sunriver Business Park
developed with 120 individually -owned commercial uses and the urban unincorporated
community of Sunriver which includes commercial shopping centers, a resort, golf
courses and other recreational amenities, convention facilities, an airport and marina,
single-family homes, and vacation rental properties. Land to the south is zoned F-1 and
owned and managed by the USFS. The portion of this land abutting the subject property
on the west is located in a landscape management corridor for Highway 97 and is zoned
LM. Land to the east is zoned F-1 and consists of the BNSF railroad right-of-way and rail
line. Further to the east is Highway 97 and a slender strip of USFS land zoned F-1. Land
east across Highway 97 is zoned F-1 and includes large tracts of USFS land as well as a
24 -acre parcel owned and managed by Gas Transmission Northwest Corporation
developed with an interstate underground natural gas transmission line, compressor
1 The deed conveying the subject property to the applicant states the property contains approximately
183.25 acres. Because the size of the property is not relevant to the proposed zone change the Hearings
Officer finds I need not resolve this discrepancy.
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building, control building and garage. To the west is Blue Eagle Road. Land across the
road to the west is zoned Rural Residential (RR -10) and consists of the Vandevert Acres,
Vandevert Acres South, and Pine River Estates residential subdivisions developed
approximately 80 rural lots with single-family dwellings. Further to the west and
northwest is the Crosswater destination resort.
E. Procedural History: The applicant purchased the subject property on February 20, 2008
and submitted the subject zone change application on August 21, 2008. The application
was deemed complete on September 22, 2008. Therefore, the 150 -day period for issuance
of a final local land use decision under ORS 215.427 expires on February 19, 2008. A
public hearing on the applicant was held on October 14, 2008. At the hearing, the
Hearings Officer received testimony and evidence and closed the evidentiary record. The
applicant waived the filing of final argument pursuant to ORS 197.763 and the record
closed on October 14, 2008. As of the date of this decision there remain 87 days in the
150 -day period.
F. Proposal: The applicant requests approval of a zone change from F-1 to F-2 for the
subject property. Although the applicant did not file a development application in
conjunction with this application, the intent of the proposed zone change is to expand the
uses permitted on the subject property to include potential mapping and development of a
destination resort, a use not permitted in the F-1 Zone.
G. Public/Private Agency Comments: The Planning Division sent notice of the applicant's
proposal to a number of public and private agencies and received responses from: the
Deschutes County Forester, and Senior Transportation Planner; and the Department of
Land Conservation and Development (DLCD). These comments are included in the
record and are incorporated herein by reference. The following agencies did not respond
to the notice: the Deschutes County Road Department; the La Pine Fire Department; the
Oregon Departments of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW), Transportation, Forestry, and Water
Resources, Watermaster-District 11; the USFS; the United States Fish and Wildlife
Service (USFWS); the Sunriver Owners Association; and Sunriver Resort.
H. Public Notice and Comments: The Planning Division mailed individual written notice
of the applicant's proposal and the public hearing to the owners of record of all property
located within 750 feet of the subject property. In addition, notice of the public hearing
was published in the Bend "Bulletin" newspaper, and the subject property was posted
with a notice of proposed land use action sign. As of the date the record in this matter
closed, the county had received no letters from the public in response to these notices. No
members of the public testified at the public hearing.
I. Lot of Record: The applicant asserts the subject property constitutes a legal lot of record
because it was created by a deed from the USFS to the applicant/property owner, issued
pursuant to the Bend Pine Nursery Land Conveyance Act of November 22, 2000, which
authorized the Deschutes National Forest to convey into private ownership federal lands
including Tract C and the subject property which is Parcel C thereof. Section 18.04.030
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of the county's zoning ordinance defines "lot of record" to exclude lots or parcels created
by a deed unless such creation conformed to all zoning and subdivision or partition
requirements applicable on the date of the conveyance. On November 22, 2000 Title 17
of the Deschutes County Code, the county's subdivision/partition ordinance, required
partition approval to create a new lot or parcel in the F-2 Zone, and Title 18, the
Deschutes County Zoning Ordinance, established minimum lot sizes and other
requirements for new lots and parcels. Nevertheless, the applicant argues these code
provisions do not apply to conveyances of federal land in general, and to the conveyance
of the subject property from the USFS to the applicant in particular, because federal land
is exempt from state and local land use regulations by virtue of the Property and
Supremacy Clauses of the U.S. Constitution, and therefore the USFS can dispose of its
property as it sees fit without county land use approval. The Hearings Officer believes the
applicant's analysis is correct, and therefore I find the subject property — Parcel C of
Tract C -- constitutes a separate legal lot of record.
III. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW:
A. Historical Background:
FINDINGS: The record indicates that in 2000 the U.S. Congress enacted the 2000 Bend Pine
Nursery Land Conveyance Act (Public Law 106-526) which authorized the Deschutes National
Forest to exchange or transfer into private ownership lands identified as no longer suitable for
USFS management. The record indicates the Act identified seven parcels for potential transfer to
private ownership, including a 950 -acre parcel of USFS land called the "Tract C Land
Conveyance." That tract included three parcels: Parcel A, Parcel B, and Parcel C which is the
subject property. The Deschutes National Forest Bend -Fort Rock Ranger District conducted an
environmental assessment of Tract C. Based on that assessment, USFS Regional Forester Linda
Goodman issued a "Decision Notice and Finding of No Significant Impact" (hereafter
"decision") authorizing Tract C to be transferred from the USFS into private ownership. As
discussed above, the applicant purchased Parcel C from the USFS. Copies of the environmental
assessment and decision for Tract C are included in this record as attachments to the applicant's
burden of proof. The decision states in pertinent part:
"The primary purpose for conveying lands out of federal ownership is to dispose
of these isolated tracts of National Forest System Lands that have lost their
National Forest character and are difficult to manage. Sale of the lands would
have a second purpose, which is to use the proceeds to help fund new Forest
Service administrative facilities, as provided in the 2000 Bend Pine Nursery Land
Conveyance Act (Public Law 106-526). Exchange of the lands would have a third
purpose, which is to acquire private lands that would contribute significant
resource values to the National Forest System, or otherwise be in the public
interest to acquire."
The decision identifies the alternatives to conveyance of Tract C considered by Ms. Goodman,
and includes the following findings in support of her decision that Tract C should be transferred
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into private ownership:
"I have concluded that the conveyance of these federal lands is in the public
interest, and that conveyance of the parcels outweighs benefits of keeping them in
federal ownership. The parcels are isolated National Forest properties, nearly
surrounded by private land. It is difficult and not cost effective to manage these
lands as part of the National Forest System given their rural residential setting,
configuration, size, and existing or increasing encroachments and unauthorized
uses. These parcels are identified as being available for disposal under the Bend
Pine Nursery Land Conveyance Act signed into law November 22, 2000. This
decision implements the Act, allowing lands to be used for purposes potentially
better suited to the location.
The properties have lost their character and are no longer representative of a
National Forest, even though people in the local neighborhood may feel that they
still have local character as wooded or forested areas. The trees provide pleasant
aesthetics to the local residents, but the area can no longer be effectively
managed for broader National Forest goals. The properties have become heavily
influenced by their rural residential setting. Unauthorized uses, including
dumping of garbage, creation of new roads and trails, and illegal firewood and
tree removal, have all contributed to the loss of National Forest character. It may
not be apparent to the casual visitor that these are National Forest lands.
Future land uses will be under the jurisdiction of county and state regulations and
zoning requirements, and I am confident that future approved uses would be
balanced and responsive to local community needs, protect local resources and
scenic values, and incorporate site specific concerns of nearby residents and the
local public. Social issues such as school needs, transportation, and water and
sewer services, would be considered and addressed in the land use application
process for any developments proposed in the future. I believe that under private
ownership, the properties would be utilized in a way that is more responsive to
the needs and economy of the local area."
B. Title 18 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Zoning Ordinance
ZONE CHANGE APPROVAL CRITERIA
1. Chapter 18.136, Amendments
a. Section 18.136.010, Amendments
DCC Title 18 may be amended as set forth in DCC 18.136. The
procedures for text or legislative map changes shall be as set forth in
DCC 22.12. A request by a property owner for a quasi-judicial map
amendment shall be accomplished by filing an application on forms
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provided by the Planning Department and shall be subject to
applicable procedures of DCC Title 22.
FINDINGS: The applicant has requested approval of a zone change from F-1 to F-2 for the
subject property. The record includes a zone change application filed by the applicant/property
owner on a county form and accompanied by the required application fee. This zone change
application is being processed pursuant to Title 22 of the Deschutes County Code.
b. Section 18.136.020, Rezoning Standards
The applicant for a quasi-judicial rezoning must establish that the
public interest is best served by rezoning the property. Factors to be
demonstrated by the applicant are:
FINDINGS: In this Hearings Officer's May 2007 decision in Pine Forest (ZC-06-3), the zone
change from F-1 to F-2 for Parcel A of Tract C, I made the following relevant findings:
"This sentence is introductory in nature and is modified by the second sentence
which identifies the applicable zone change approval criteria as those factors to
be demonstrated' by the applicant in Paragraphs (A) through (D) of this section.
In other words, the applicant must demonstrate the proposed zone change will
best serve the public interest by demonstrating compliance with these four
factors."
I adhere to that holding here and discuss the four factors in the findings below.
A. That the change conforms with the Comprehensive Plan, and
the change is consistent with the plan's introductory statement
and goals.
FINDINGS: The Hearings Officer finds this factor contains two requirements: (1) the zone
change conforms to the Comprehensive Plan and (2) it is consistent with the plan's introductory
statement and the plan's goals. Each of these is discussed below.
1. Conformance with Comprehensive Plan. The comprehensive plan designation of the subject
property is Forest. Property designated for forest uses can be zoned either F-1 or F-2, depending
on the degree to which the land is "impacted" as discussed in the findings below. Therefore, the
Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposal to rezone the subject property to F-2 conforms
with the property's plan designation.
2. Consistency with the Plan's Introductory Statement and Goals. In this Hearings Officer's Pine
Forest decision I made the following relevant findings, adopted by the Deschutes County Board
of Commissioners (board) in their decision approving the zone change:
"Comprehensive plan statements, goals and policies typically are not intended to,
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and do not, constitute mandatory approval criteria for quasi-judicial land use
permit applications. Save Our Skyline v. City of Bend, 48 Or LUBA 192 (2004).
There, LUBA held:
'As intervenor correctly points out, local and statutory
requirements that land use decisions be consistent with the
comprehensive plan do not mean that all parts of the
comprehensive plan necessarily are approval standards. [Citations
omitted.] Local governments and this Board have frequently
considered the text and context of cited parts of the comprehensive
plan and concluded that the alleged comprehensive plan standard
was not an applicable approval standard. [Citations omitted.]
Even if the comprehensive plan includes provisions that can
operate as approval standards, those standards are not necessarily
relevant to all quasi-judicial land use permit applications.
[Citation omitted.] Moreover, even if a plan provision is a relevant
standard that must be considered, the plan provision might not
constitute a separate mandatory approval criterion, in the sense
that it must be separately satisfied, along with any other
mandatory approval criteria, before the application can be
approved. Instead, that plan provision, even if it constitutes a
relevant standard, may represent a required consideration that
must be balanced with other relevant considerations. [Citations
omitted.]'
LUBA went on to hold in Save Our Skyline that it is appropriate to `consider first
whether the comprehensive plan itself expressly assigns a particular role to some
or all of the plan's goals and policies.' Section 23.08.020 of the county's
comprehensive plan provides as follows:
The purpose of the Comprehensive Plan for Deschutes County is not to provide
a site-specific identification of the appropriate land uses which may take place
on a particular piece of land but rather it is to consider the significant factors
which affect or are affected by development in the County and provide a
general guide to the various decisions which must be made to promote the
greatest efficiency and equity possible, while managing the continuing growth
and change of the area. Part of that process is identification of an appropriate
land use plan, which is then interpreted to make decisions about specific sites
(most often in zoning and subdivision administration) but the plan must also
consider the sociological, economic and environmental consequences of various
actions and provide guidelines and policies for activities which may have effects
beyond physical changes of the land. (Emphasis added.)
The Hearings Officer finds the above -underscored language strongly suggests the
county's plan statements, goals and policies are not intended to establish
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approval standards for quasi-judicial land use permit applications.
In Bothman v. City of Eugene, 51 Or LUBA 426 (2006), LUBA found it
appropriate also to review the language of specific plan policies to determine
whether and to what extent they may in fact establish decisional standards. The
policies at issue in that case included those ranging from aspirational statements
to planning directives to the city to policies with language providing `guidance
for decision-making' with respect to specific rezoning proposals. In Bothman
LUBA concluded the planning commission erred in not considering in a zone
change proceeding a plan policy requiring the city to `[r]ecognize the existing
general office and commercial uses located * * * [in the geographic area
including the subject property] and discourage future rezonings of these
properties. ' LUBA held that:
* * * even where a plan provision might not constitute an
independently applicable mandatory approval criterion, it may
nonetheless represent a relevant and necessary consideration that
must be reviewed and balanced with other relevant considerations,
pursuant to ordinance provisions that require * * * consistency
with applicable plan provisions. '(Emphasis added.)
The county's comprehensive plan includes a large number of goals and policies.
The applicant's burden of proof addresses goals for rural development, economy,
transportation, public facilities, recreation, energy, natural hazards, destination
resorts, open spaces, fish and wildlife, and forest lands. The Hearings Officer
finds these goals are aspirational in nature and therefore are not intended to
create decision standards for the proposed zone change."
The Hearings Officer adheres to these findings here, and again finds the above -referenced
introductory statements and goals are not approval criteria in this zone change application.
However, plan provisions may require consideration by the decision maker even if they are not
applicable approval criteria. Save Our Skyline v. City of Bend, 48 Or LUBA 192, 209 (2004).
In this Hearings Officer's Pine Forest decision I also made the following relevant findings,
adopted by the board in its decision:
"The Deschutes County Planning Commission and Board of County
Commissioners (board) undertook a county -wide legislative process [1992 or
earlier] to identify and zone all public forest land F-1, and to zone all private
forest lands as either F-1 or F-2 based on whether such lands were `unimpacted'
or `impacted' considering certain characteristics set forth in the plan policies.
The findings in support of Ordinance 92-024 and Ordinance 92-026, which
amended the zoning ordinance and map to conform with the new forest land plan
policies, state that in rezoning all private forest lands the board did not give
additional consideration to soil capability, and conducted site-specific
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evaluations of 26 individual forest tracts identified by staff and/or the property
owners as requiring individual consideration because they had characteristics of
both `unimpacted' and `impacted' forest land. Of these 26 tracts, 14 were zoned
F-1 and 12 were zoned F-2."
Copies of Ordinance Nos. 92-024 and 92-026 are included in this record as Exhibits J and K to
the applicant's burden of proof.
Chapter 23 of the Deschutes County Code codifies the county's comprehensive plan. Section
23.92.030 sets forth the forest land policies adopted in 1992. In this Hearings Officer's Pine
Forest decision I found the policies in Section 23.92.030 are to be taken into "consideration" in a
quasi-judicial zone change, but are not mandatory approval criteria such that each policy must be
met before a zone change may be approved. The board adopted these findings in its decision
approving the zone change. These plan policies are discussed in the findings below.
1. Section 23.92.020, Goal
Because of the local importance of forest lands the
following goal has been set: To conserve forest lands for
forest uses.
FINDINGS: The goal of the F-2 Zone is to conserve forest lands for forest uses. The applicant's
proposed F-2 zoning is consistent with this goal.
2. Section 23.92.030, Policies
1. Deschutes County shall designate forest lands on
the comprehensive plan map consistent with
Goal 4 and OAR 660, Division 6.
2. Deschutes County shall zone forest lands for uses
allowed pursuant to OAR 660, Division 6. In
addition to forest practices and operations and
uses auxiliary to forest practices, as set forth in
ORS 527.722, Deschutes County shall allow in
the forest environment the following general
types of uses: * * *
3. In order to conserve and maintain the
unimpacted forest land base for forest use the
County shall identify and zone as F-1 those lands
which have the following characteristics: * * *.
4. In order to conserve and maintain impacted
forest lands for forest use the County shall
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identify and zone as F-2 those lands which have
the following characteristics: * * *.
FINDINGS: In this Hearings Officer's Pine Forest decision I found Policies 1 through 4 direct
the county to make forest land zone change decisions based on a consideration of the
"unimpacted" and "impacted" forest land characteristics listed in Policies 3 and 4. The Board
concurred with my findings and in its decision approving the zone change found that all factors
are to be considered and weighed when deciding whether to apply F-1 or F-2 zoning. The
following findings address and compare each policy relative to the two zoning districts.
Policy 3 Policy 4
a. Consist predominantly of ownerships a. Consist predominantly of ownerships
not developed by residences or non- developed for residential or other non -forest
forest uses. uses.
FINDINGS: The subject property is undeveloped but is located in an area that is dominated by
rural residential and resort development. The property is not suited to commercial forest use for
the reasons explained by the USFS in the environmental assessment, set forth in the findings
above. In addition, these policies refer to "ownerships." The area adjacent to and near the
subject property is developed with residences in a rural residential exception area. These
developments, along with public roadways and the BNSF railroad line, separate most of the
subject property from undeveloped forest lands. Therefore, the Hearings Officer finds this
characteristic weighs in favor of F-2 zoning for the subject property.
b. Consist predominantly of contiguous b. Consist predominantly of ownerships less
ownerships of 160 acres or larger in size. than 160 acres in size.
FINDINGS: The subject property consists of approximately 179.49 acres of land in a
contiguous single ownership. This policy also is written in terms of "ownerships." The
properties that adjoin the western boundary of the subject property are all less than 160 acres in
size and primarily for that reason were included in a rural residential exceptions area. Land to
the north is zoned F-2, some of which is developed as a destination resort with small lots. The
subject property is separated from forest land to the east by the BNSF railroad line. Only a very
small part of the subject property, its narrow south boundary, adjoins forest land. For these
reasons, the Hearings Officer finds this characteristic weighs in favor of F-2 zoning for the
subject property.
c. Consist predominantly of ownerships c. Consist of ownerships generally contiguous
contiguous to other lands utilized for to tracts containing less than 160 acres and
commercial forest or commercial farm residences, or adjacent to acknowledged
uses. exception areas.
FINDINGS: The uses surrounding the subject property are discussed in detail in the findings
above. The subject property abuts an acknowledged rural residential exceptions area to the west
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that is developed with three rural residential subdivisions with hundreds of lots. A small portion
of the property's southern property line abuts USFS forest land. The subject property abuts
Vandevert Road to the north and the BNSF rail line to the east. Consequently, the majority of
the subject property abuts either rural residential uses in an acknowledged exceptions area,
roads used to provide access to thee rural residential properties, or the railroad line, rather than
land contiguous to lands utilized for commercial farm or forest uses. Therefore, the Hearings
Officer finds this characteristic weighs in favor of F-2 zoning of the subject property.
d. Accessed by arterial roads or roads d. Provided with a level of public facilities and
intended primarily for forest services, including roads, intended primarily
management. for direct services to rural residences.
FINDINGS: The record indicates the subject property is not accessed by arterial roads or roads
used primarily for forest management. Rather, the property has access from Vandevert Road
and Blue Eagle Road — both roads intended primarily for access to rural residential
subdivisions, forest recreational uses, resort developments and urban uses within Sunriver.
Consequently, the Hearings Officer finds access to the subject property is via roads
characteristic of F-2 zoned land.
The Hearings Officer also finds the level of other public facilities and services on surrounding
properties is characteristic of F-2 zoned land because they have been designed and developed to
serve the nearby rural residential subdivisions and destination resorts. These include
underground telephone lines along the south side of Vandevert Road and along Blue Eagle
Road, and an overhead power line running north -south along the western portion of the subject
property. For these reasons, I find this characteristic favors F-2 zoning of the subject property.
e. Primarily under forest management.
FINDINGS: This is a characteristic of F-1 zoned lands only. The owners of the subject
property are not managing it for forest production. In this Hearings Officer's Pine Forest
decision I found that forest management "means the property is managed principally for one or
more of the forest operations, practices and uses described in Title 18." The board adopted these
findings in its decision, and set froth the relevant definitions at page 14 of its decision. The
USFS invitation for bids and environmental assessment for the subject property state the subject
property was identified for transfer into private ownership because it is no longer suitable for
forest management. The invitation for bids states "[c]onveyance out of federal ownership would
consolidate land ownership patterns in the area and eliminate approximately 945 acres of
National Forest lands that are separated and isolated from larger blocks of national Forest lands
and difficult to manage for National Forest purposes." In addition, the environmental
assessment concludes the subject property is not suitable for forest management for the same
reasons. In my Pine Forest decision I found that in 1992 the county zoned all federal forest
lands F-1 without any analysis of the characteristics set forth in the comprehensive plan. For
these reasons, I find this characteristic weighs in favor of F-2 zoning for the subject property.
In this Hearings Officer's Pine Forest decision I found that not all of the characteristics of
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ZC-08-4
Page 11 of 19
either unimpacted (F-1) or impacted (F-2) forest lands must be satisfied in order to re -zone
property from F-1 to F-2. The board adopted these findings in its decision approving the Pine
Forest zone change. Because the subject property was transferred into private ownership by the
USFS because it is no longer suitable for commercial forestry, and because the characteristics
described in Policies 3 and 4 weigh in favor of F-2 zoning, I find rezoning the subject property
to F-2 is appropriate and consistent with relevant comprehensive plan policies.
5. Except as identified in this plan non -forest uses shall be
discouraged in existing forested areas.
FINDINGS: The applicant is requesting a zone change from F-1 to F-2 to allow uses on the
subject property that are permitted in the F-2 Zone, potentially including mapping for and
development of a destination resort. The county's zoning ordinance has been acknowledged and
implements the comprehensive plan including this plan policy. Therefore, the Hearings Officer
finds the applicant's proposal is consistent with this plan policy.
B. That the change in classification for the subject property is
consistent with the purpose and intent of the proposed zone
change classification.
FINDINGS: The purpose statements of the F-1 and F-2 zones are the same — i.e., "to conserve
forest lands." Therefore, the Hearings Officer finds that either F-1 or F-2 zoning of the subject
property would be consistent with the purpose and intent of the proposed zone. Moreover, the
uses permitted in the F-1 and F-2 zones are identical with the exception of the potential for F-2
zoned property to be mapped for and developed with a destination resort.
However, in its Pine Forest decision the board found it is not appropriate to consider potential
destination resort development under this approval criterion because such development would
require both a lengthy and complex legislative process to map the subject property for such
development, and an equally complex, multi -step quasi-judicial process to obtain conceptual and
final destination resort master plan approval. The board relied on the decision of the Land Use
Board of Appeals (LUBA) in Mason v. City of Corvallis, 49 Or LUBA 199 (2005). In that case,
LUBA held that in reviewing a proposed zone change under the city's land use regulations, the
city did not err in declining to assume the parcel would be developed with the most intensive
uses in part because the applicant did not propose such uses, but also in part because of the use
limitations and review standards applicable to development of uses in that zone. In addition, the
board found that because the county's zoning ordinance has been acknowledged as consistent
with the Goal 4 and its administrative rules, including authorizing destination resorts and other
non -forest uses as conditional uses in the F-2 Zone, destination resort use is not inconsistent with
the goal of the F-2 Zone. The Hearings Officer adheres to the board's findings here, and finds the
applicant's proposed zone change from F-1 to F-2 will not have any effect on the conservation of
forest lands.
C. That changing the zoning will presently serve the public
health, safety and welfare considering the following factors:
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ZC-08-4
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FINDINGS: In the Hearings Officer's Pine Forest decision 1 found this sentence is introductory
in nature and is modified by the phrase "considering the following factors"- i.e., the specific
approval criteria in Paragraphs (1) and (2) of this section. In other words, I found the applicant
must demonstrate the proposed zone change will best serve the public interest by demonstrating
compliance with these two factors. The board adopted this finding in its decision approving the
Pine Forest zone change. Therefore, I adhere to that finding here.
1. The availability and efficiency of providing necessary
public services and facilities.
FINDINGS: This criterion requires consideration of necessary public services and facilities to
develop the property as would be allowed under the proposed zoning classification. The public
services and facilities required to develop the property are dependent upon which uses are
allowed on the property. As discussed above, the uses permitted in the F-1 and F-2 Zones are
identical except for the potential for mapping and development with a destination resort in the F-
2 Zone. However, as discussed in the findings above, the Hearings Officer has found it is not
appropriate for me to assume the subject property would be developed with a destination resort if
it were rezoned to F-2. Accordingly, I find approval of the requested zone change will not impact
the availability and efficiency of providing necessary public services and facilities to the subject
property. In addition, as discussed in the findings above, the subject property already has a level
of public services and facilities characteristic of impacted F-2 zone land.
2. The impacts on the surrounding land use will be
consistent with the specific goals and policies contained
within the Comprehensive Plan.
FINDINGS: The relevant plan goals and policies are addressed in the findings above. The
Hearings Officer finds the proposed zone change will not have any adverse impact on
surrounding properties because approval of the proposal will not change the uses allowed on the
subject property.
D. That there has been a change in circumstances since the
property was last zoned, or a mistake was made in the zoning
of the property in question.
FINDINGS:
1. Mistake. The Hearings Officer finds there was no mistake in the original F-1 zoning of the
subject property in light of the fact, noted in the findings above, that the county zoned all federal
forest land F-1.
2. Change of Circumstances. The USFS environmental assessment for Tract C and the subject
property, discussed in the findings above, sets forth the changes in circumstances affecting the
subject property that resulted in the subject property's loss of National Forest character and
difficulties in effectively managing the property as National Forest land. In this Hearings
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ZC-08-4
Page 13 of 19
Officer's Pine Forest decision, I made the following relevant findings:
"Many of the rural residential subdivisions located south of Sunriver and west of
Highway 97 were already platted at the time the county adopted its first zoning
ordinance and map. However, there is no question these subdivisions have
achieved their current density since the early 1970's. The same is true of the
Sunriver community which was developed in the late 1960's but reached buildout
only in the last decade. In addition, the Crosswater and Caldera Springs
destination resorts and the Vandevert Ranch development were approved long
after the subject property was zoned F-1. The result of all of these developments
clearly can be seen in the aerial photograph that forms the basis of the diagram
included in the record as Appendix 1 to the applicant's burden of proof and as
Hearing Exhibit B — i.e., extensive residential and resort development, much of it
at urban and suburban density, and located on three sides of the subject property.
This surrounding development is largely what prompted the USFS to identify the
subject property for transfer to private ownership. The `Tract C Land
Conveyance' decision included in the record sets forth the following reasons for
the transfer of the subject property and Parcels B and C:
a. It is difficult and not cost effective to manage these lands as part of the
National Forest System given their rural residential setting, configuration,
size, and existing or increasing encroachments and unauthorized uses.
b. The properties have lost their character and are no longer representative
of a National Forest, even though people in the local neighborhood may
feel that they still have local character as wooded or forested areas.
c. The trees on the property provide pleasant aesthetics to the local
residents, but the area can no longer be effectively managed for broader
National Forest goals.
d. The properties have become heavily influenced by their rural residential
setting. Unauthorized uses, including dumping of garbage, creation of new
roads and trails, and illegal firewood and tree removal, have all
contributed to the loss of National Forest character. It may not be
apparent to the casual visitor that these are National Forest lands.
As discussed extensively in the findings above, [In ZC-06-3], the Hearings Officer
has found these factors render the subject property `impacted' forest land suitable
for F-2 zoning. I find these same factors constitute changes in circumstance
sufficient to justify the proposed zone change from F-1 to F-2, therefore satisfying
this approval criterion."
The board adopted these findings in its decision approving the Pine Forest zone change. The
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ZC-08-4
Page 14 of 19
aerial photograph referenced above is included in the record as Exhibit N to the applicant's
burden of proof. As discussed in the findings above, the subject property is part of the "Tract C
Land Conveyance" and has many of the same characteristics as the Pine Forest property. In
addition, the subject property abuts three rural residential subdivisions that have been developing
since the 1970s and likely will continue to develop because there are some vacant lots in these
subdivisions. For these reasons, the Hearings Officer finds the cumulative impacts from the
nearby development warrant approval of the proposed zone change from F-1 to F-2.
For the foregoing reasons, the Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposal satisfies all
applicable zone change approval criteria.
TRANSPORTATION PLANNING RULE
B. Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR), Chapter 660, Division 12, Transportation
Planning
1. OAR 660-012-0060, Plan and Land Use Regulation Amendments
(1)
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ZC-08-4
Page 15 of 19
Where an amendment to a functional plan, an acknowledged
comprehensive plan, or a land use regulations would significantly
affect an existing or planned transportation facility, the local
government shall put in place measures as provided in section (2) of
this rule to assure that allowed land uses are consistent with the
identified function, capacity, and performance standards (e.g. level of
service, volume to capacity ratio, etc.) of the facility. A plan or land
use regulation amendment significantly affects a transportation
facility if it would:
(a) Change the functional classification of an existing or planned
transportation facility (exclusive of correction of map errors on
an adopted plan);
(b) Change standards implementing a functional classification
system; or
(c) As measured at the end of the planning period identified in the
adopted transportation system plan:
(A) Allow land uses or levels of development that would
result in types or levels of travel or access that are
inconsistent with the functional classification of an
existing or planned transportation facility;
(B) Reduce the performance of an existing or planned
transportation facility below the minimum acceptable
performance standards identified in the TSP or
comprehensive plan; or
(C) Worsen the performance of an existing or planned
transportation facility that is otherwise projected to
perform below the minimum acceptable performance
standard identified in the TSP or comprehensive plan.
FINDINGS: The Hearings Officer finds the Transportation Planning Rule (TPR) applies to the
applicant's proposal because it is for an amendment to the county's zoning map. In its decision
approving the Pine Forest zone change, the board found the TPR requires the county to consider
the reasonable worst case development scenario involving an approved use under the proposed
zoning in a zone change application. The board concluded that destination resort development
was not a "reasonable" worst case scenario for the Pine Forest property for the following
reasons:
"[BJecause the zone change from F-1 to F-2 does not itself allow destination
resort development to occur, and because a future mapping amendment and
intensive conditional use review (including traffic analysis pursuant to Section
18.113.070(G)) would be required before destination resort development could
occur, destination resort development should not be considered in applying OAR
660-012-0060. ( Emphasis Added.)
* * *
The subject property must be mapped with the destination resort overlay before
destination resort development could be proposed in the future. Mapping will
require a further amendment to the County comprehensive plan and/or land use
regulations. Even if the County amends the zoning maps to include the property
within the destination resort overlay, a resort will still not be an `allowed' or
`outright permitted' use on the property. Rather, the resort would be a conditional
use on F-2 land. "
The Hearings Officer adheres to these findings here.
Attached to the applicant's burden of proof as Exhibit P is a letter dated August 13, 2008 from
Scott Ferguson, P.E. (included in the record as Exhibit P to the applicant's burden of proof),
providing an analysis of the proposed zone change under the TPR and concluding that the
proposal would not have a significant impact under the TPR. In his September 16, 2008
comments on the applicant's proposal, the county's transportation planner Peter Russell stated
that no formal traffic study was required in this case because the proposed zone change would
not affect the traffic generation rate for the subject property, and because the property could not
be developed with a destination resort because it is not mapped for such use.
For the foregoing reasons, the Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposal is consistent with
the TPR.
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ZC-08-4
Page 16 of 19
STATEWIDE LAND USE PLANNING GOALS
2. OAR 660, Division 15, State -Wide Planning Goals and Guidelines
a. OAR 660-015-000, State -Wide Planning Goals and Guidelines No. 1
Through No. 14
b. OAR 660-015-005, State -Wide Planning Goal and Guideline No. 15
c. OAR 660-015-010, State -Wide Planning Goals and Guidelines No. 16
Through 19
FINDINGS: In this Hearings Officer's Pine Forest decision I made the following relevant
findings:
"In previous zone change decisions the Hearings Officer has not addressed the
statewide goals and guidelines because they are implemented through the
county's acknowledged comprehensive plan, and the proposed zone change must
be found to be consistent with the plan. [Footnote omitted.] Therefore, I find the
goals and guidelines do not apply to this zone change application."
The board adopted these findings in its decision approving the Pine Forest zone change, and
therefore I adhere to them in this decision. Nevertheless, because the applicant has addressed the
goals I include the following findings concerning goal compliance:
Goal 1, Citizen Involvement. The Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposed zone change
satisfies this goal because the Planning Division follows the procedures in Chapter 22 of the
Deschutes County Code in reviewing a request for a zone change. These procedures include
individually mailed notices to affected property owners, posting of the subject property with a
notice of proposed land use action sign, and published notice of the public hearing in the "Bend
Bulletin" newspaper. In addition, at least two public hearings will be held before the proposed
zone change is approved, one before the Hearings Officer and one before the board.
Goal 2, Land Use Planning. The Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposed zone change
satisfies this goal because the proposed zone change does not require a change in the plan
designation. In addition, the proposed zone change is being considered by the county using a
public review process that includes a public hearing, notice and opportunity for public review.
Goal 3. Agricultural Lands. The Hearings Officer finds this goal is not relevant because the
subject property is not designated Agriculture on the comprehensive plan.
Goal 4. Forest Lands. As discussed above, the subject property is designated on the
comprehensive plan map. As discussed in the findings above, the proposed zone change from F-
1 to F-2 will not change that designation, and therefore the Hearings Officer finds the applicant's
proposal satisfies this goal.
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ZC-08-4
Page 17 of 19
Goal 5, Open Spaces, Scenic and Historic Areas and Natural Resources. Although the
subject property is designated resource land because it is designated and zoned forest land, the
Hearings Officer finds this goal is not relevant to the proposed zone change because the
proposed zone change will not change the uses permitted under the current zoning designation
and will not alter its resource qualities and characteristics.2
Goal 6, Air, Water and Land Resources Quality. The Hearings Officer finds the proposed
zone change from F-1 to F-2 satisfies this goal because it would not affect the air, water or land
resources on the subject property. As discussed in the findings above, the proposed zone change
would not affect the plan designation of the subject property, and the uses permitted on the
subject property after approval of this zone change would be identical to uses allowed in the F-1
Zone with the exception of the possibility of mapping and development of a destination resort.
Goal 7, Areas Subject to Natural Disasters and Hazards. The Hearings Officer finds this goal
is not relevant to the proposed zone change because the subject property is not located in a
known natural disaster or hazard area.
Goal 8, Recreational Needs. The subject property is not mapped for destination resort
development or other recreational uses. As discussed in the findings above, the proposed zone
change would make possible future mapping of the property for destination resort development.
For these reasons, the Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposal satisfies this goal.
Goal 9, Economy of the State. The comprehensive plan recognizes that timber is an economic
resource in Deschutes County. Inasmuch as the proposed zone change would not remove the
subject property from forest land designation, the Hearings Officer finds it is consistent with this
goal.
Goal 10, Housing. The Hearings Officer finds this goal is not relevant because the subject
property is not zoned or planned for residential uses.
Goal 11, Public Facilities and Services. As discussed in detail in the findings above, the
Hearings Officer has found the subject property is and in the future can be served by adequate
public facilities and services. Therefore, I find the proposed zone change is consistent with this
goal.
Goal 12, Transportation. Compliance with this goal is addressed above under the discussion of
the TPR. As set forth in the findings above, the Hearings Officer has found the applicant's
proposal is consistent with the TPR, and therefore I find it also is consistent with this goal.
2 The record includes e-mail correspondence between Doug White of DLCD and the applicant's attorney
Liz Fancher concerning the relevance of Goal 5 to this application. From this correspondence, it appears
Mr. White agreed with Ms. Fancher that Goal 5 and its implementing administrative rules would not
apply unless and until the subject property is considered for mapping for and development of a destination
resort. See, Johnson v. Jefferson County, Or App (A138263, July 9, 2008).
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ZC-08-4
Page 18 of 19
Goal 13, Energy Conservation. The Hearings Officer finds this goal is not relevant to the
applicant's proposal because the proposed zone change would not change the subject property's
forest designation or the uses permitted on the subject property with the exception of the
potential to be mapped for destination resort development.
Goal 14, Urbanization. The Hearings Officer finds this goal is not applicable to the applicant's
proposal because the proposed zone change does not affect property within an urban growth
boundary and does not promote the urbanization of rural land.
Goals 15 through 19. The Hearings Officer finds these goals are not applicable to the
applicant's proposal because they address river, ocean, and estuarine resources that are not
located in Deschutes County or on the subject property.
IV. DECISION:
Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, the Hearings Officer
APPROVES the applicant's proposed zone change from F-1 to F-2 for the subject property,
SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING CONDITION OF APPROVAL:
1. Prior to the public hearing before the Deschutes County Board of Commissioners on the
proposed zone change, the applicant/owner shall submit to the Planning Division a
metes -and -bounds legal description of the property subject to the zone change.
Dated this day of November, 2008.
Mailed this day of November, 2008.
Karen H. Green, Hearings Officer
Under Section 22.28.030(A) of the county's land use procedures ordinance, because this decision
involves a proposed zone change this application also must be approved by the Board of County
Commissioners.
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ZC-08-4
Page 19 of 19
fv,
Community Development Department
Planning Division Building Safety Division Environmental Health Division
117 NW Lafayette Avenue Bend Oregon 9770.-1925
(541)388-6575 FAX(541)38`i-1764
http://www.co.deschutes.or.i s/cdd/
Staff Report
The Deschutes County Hearings Officer will hold a Public Hearing on October 14, 2008 at 6:30
P.M. in the Barnes and Sawyer rooms of the Deschutes Services Building located at 1300 NW
Wall Street in Bend, to consider the following request:
FILE NUMBER:
APPLICANT/PROPERTY
OWNER:
APPLICANT'S
ATTORNEY:
SUBJECT PROPERTY:
REQUEST:
STAFF REVIEWER:
I.
A.
ZC-08-4
Belveron Real Estate Partners, LLC
Attn.: Paul Odland
268 Bush Street, #3534
San Francisco, CA 94104
Liz Fancher
644 NW Broadway Street
Bend, Oregon 97701
Tax Lot 104, Assessor's Map 20-11-00
The applicant requests approval of a zone change from F-1
to F-2 for an approximately 179.49 -acre property.
Will Groves, Senior Planner
APPLICABLE STANDARDS AND CRITERIA:
Title 18 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Zoning Ordinance
1.
Chapter 18.136, Amendments
* Section 18.136.010, Amendments
* Section 18.136.020, Rezoning Standards
B. Title 23 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Comprehensive
Plan
ZC-07-5
1. Chapter 23.92, Forest Lands
* Section 23.92.020, Goal
* Section 23.92.030, Policies
Quality Services Performed with Pride
Page 1 of 17
C. Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR) Chapter 660
1. OAR 660-015-0000, Statewide Planning Goals
2. OAR 660-012-0060, Plan and Land Use Regulation Amendments
II. FINDINGS OF FACT:
A. Location: The subject property is approximately 18 miles southwest of Bend and about
5 miles southwest of Sunriver. It abuts Vandevert Road to the north, Blue Eagle Road to
the west, a strip of land owned by the Burlington Northern -Santa Fe Railroad to the east
and USFS-managed federal land to the south. This property is Tax Lot 104 on
Assessor's Map 20-11-00.
B. Zoning and Plan Designation: The subject property is zoned F-1, Forest Use and
designated Forest on the Deschutes County Comprehensive Plan map. The applicant is
seeking approval of F-2, Forest Use zoning. The comprehensive plan map designation
will remain Forest.
C. Site Description: The property is approximately 179.49 acres in size. A detailed site
description of the property is contained in the USFS Invitation for Bids document (the
"IBF") and the Tract C Land Conveyance Environmental Assessment (the "EA"). Copies
of these documents were submitted as Exhibits C and D of the burden of proof and are
incorporated herein by reference. The subject property is "Parcel C," a part of Tract C.
The subject property is located south of Vandevert Road. The subject property, like the
rest of Tract C, is isolated from other National Forest Lands by the railroad tracks, the
highway, destination resort developments and rural residential properties. The EA at
page 7 explains the following about Tract C (also referred to as the Vandevert Parcel):
"The Vandevert parcel is considered as having lost its National Forest
character and is difficult to effectively manage for National Forest
purposes. The railroad tracks and highway effectively isolate this parcel
from the large consolidated tract of National Forest land that lies to the
east. Its proximity to housing developments, railroad tracks, Highway 97,
major county roads and private lands limit the effectiveness of vegetation,
wildlife, recreation and other Forest management programs. Evidence of
urban civilization, such as powerlines, railroad, unauthorized roads and
trails, and piles of household garbage are indications that this land has
lost its National Forest character. Tracts such as this become
increasingly difficult to manage, especially as increased unauthorized and
inappropriate uses by people occur."
D. Surrounding Zoning and Land Uses: North: "Parcel A" of the Tract C Land
Conveyance property lies north of the subject property across Vandevert Road. The
County recently changed the zoning classification of this property from F-1 to F-2 under
file number ZC-06-3 and implemented by the Deschutes County Board of
Commissioners under Ordinance number 2007-022 on September 5, 2007. This
property adjoins the Caldera Springs destination resort. Further north of Parcel A is the
Sunriver Business Park development. The business park includes about 120
individually -owned commercial uses as described in ZC-06-3. The urban unincorporated
ZC-08-4 Page 2 of 17
community of Sunriver lies north of the Business Park. That community contains
commercial shopping centers, a resort, golf courses, convention centers, single-family
homes and vacation rental properties.
South: USFS land abuts the subject property to the south. The portion of USFS land
that abuts the subject property is located in a landscape management zone for Highway
97.
East: The Burlington Northern -Sante Fe railroad tracks abut the eastern property line of
the subject property and separates the subject property from other lands to the east.
East of the tracks is U.S. Highway 97 and a slender strip of federal land that is zoned F-
1. The land east of U.S. Highway 97 is zoned F-1 and includes federal forest land and a
24 -acre lot that is owned by Gas Transmission Northwest Corporation. The 24 -acre lot
is developed with a compressor building, control building and garage for use related to
the Pacific Gas Transmission Company natural gas transmission line that is installed on
and over federal land in Central Oregon and beyond.
West: The subject property abuts Blue Eagle Road and the Vandevert Acres, Vandevert
Acres South and Pine River Estates subdivisions. The subdivisions adjoining the
subject property are developed with rural residential homes. The three subdivisions abut
the majority of the property's western property line. The subdivisions are located in a
rural residential exception area that is shown on the Deschutes County Comprehensive
Plan Map. Pine River Estates contains 32 lots. Each lot is a little more than an acre in
size. The Vandevert Acres subdivision adjoins the southern boundary of Pine River
Estates. Vandevert Acres contains 30 rural residential lots that range from about 1 acre
to about 2.14 acres in size. The plat for the subdivision created 21 residential lots. Eight
additional residential lots were created by County approval of eight partitions. One
additional lot was also created from Lot 1, Block 4. Vandevert Acres South abuts the
southernmost portion of the subject property's western property line. This subdivision
contains common areas and 18 rural residential lots. They range in size from about 2 to
2.21 acres. The Crosswater destination resort is a short distance to the west and
northwest of the subject property.
E. Procedural History: The applicant submitted the subject zone change application on
August 21, 2008, and the county accepted the application as complete on September
21, 2008.
F. Proposal: The applicant requests approval of a zone change from F-1 to F-2 for the
subject property.
G. Public/Private Agency Comments: The Planning Division mailed notice of the
applicant's proposal to a number of public and private agencies and received responses
from: the Deschutes County Forester, DLCD, and Senior Transportation Planner. These
comments are included in the record and are incorporated herein by reference. The
following agencies did not respond to the notice: La Pine Fire Department, Deschutes
County Road Department, ODFW, Watermaster-District 11, ODOT, USFS, Sunriver
Owners Association, Sunriver Resort, USFWS, and Department of Forestry.
H. Public Notice and Comments: The Planning Division mailed individual written notice of
the applicant's proposal and the public hearing to the owners of record of all property
located within 750 feet of the subject property. In addition, notice of the public hearing
ZC-08-4 Page 3 of 17
was published in the Bend "Bulletin" newspaper, and the subject property was posted
with a notice of proposed land use action sign. As of the writing of this Staff Report, the
county had received no letters from the public in response to these notices.
III. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW:
A. Historical Background:
FINDINGS: The record indicates that in 2000 the U.S. Congress enacted the 2000 Bend Pine
Nursery Land Conveyance Act (Public Law 106-526) which authorized the Deschutes National
Forest to exchange or transfer into private ownership lands identified as no longer suitable for
USFS management. The record indicates the Act identified 7 parcels for potential transfer to
private ownership, including a 950 -acre parcel of federal forest land called the "Tract C Land
Conveyance." That tract included three parcels: Parcel A, Parcel B and Parcel C, the subject
property. The Deschutes National Forest Bend -Fort Rock Ranger District conducted an
environmental assessment of Tract C. Based on that assessment, USFS Regional Forester
Linda Goodman issued a "Decision Notice and Finding of No Significant Impact" (hereafter
"decision") authorizing Tract C to be transferred from the USFS into private ownership. As
discussed above, the applicant purchased Parcel C from the USFS. Copies of the
environmental assessment and decision for Tract C are included in this record as attachments
to the applicant's burden of proof. The decision states in pertinent part:
"The primary purpose for conveying lands out of federal ownership is to dispose
of these isolated tracts of National Forest System Lands that have lost their
National Forest character and are difficult to manage. Sale of the lands would
have a second purpose, which is to use the proceeds to help fund new Forest
Service administrative facilities, as provided in the 2000 Bend Pine Nursery Land
Conveyance Act (Public Law 106-526). Exchange of the lands would have a third
purpose, which is to acquire private lands that would contribute significant
resource values to the National Forest System, or otherwise be in the public
interest to acquire."
The decision identifies the alternatives to conveyance of Tract C considered by Ms. Goodman,
and includes the following findings in support of her decision that Tract C should be transferred
into private ownership:
`1 have concluded that the conveyance of these federal lands is in the public
interest, and that conveyance of the parcels outweighs benefits of keeping them
in federal ownership. The parcels are isolated National Forest properties, nearly
surrounded by private land. It is difficult and not cost effective to manage these
lands as part of the National Forest System given their rural residential setting,
configuration, size, and existing or increasing encroachments and unauthorized
uses. These parcels are identified as being available for disposal under the Bend
Pine Nursery Land Conveyance Act signed into law November 22, 2000. This
decision implements the Act, allowing lands to be used for purposes potentially
better suited to the location.
The properties have lost their character and are no longer representative of a
National Forest, even though people in the local neighborhood may feel that they
still have local character as wooded or forested areas. The trees provide
pleasant aesthetics to the local residents, but the area can no longer be
ZC-08-4 Page 4 of 17
effectively managed for broader National Forest goals. The properties have
become heavily influenced by their rural residential setting. Unauthorized uses,
including dumping of garbage, creation of new roads and trails, and illegal
firewood and tree removal, have all contributed to the loss of National Forest
character. It may not be apparent to the casual visitor that these are National
Forest lands.
Future land uses will be under the jurisdiction of county and state regulations and
zoning requirements, and I am confident that future approved uses would be
balanced and responsive to local community needs, protect local resources and
scenic values, and incorporate site specific concerns of nearby residents and the
local public. Social issues such as school needs, transportation, and water and
sewer services, would be considered and addressed in the land use application
process for any developments proposed in the future. l believe that under private
ownership, the properties would be utilized in a way that is more responsive to
the needs and economy of the local area."
C. Title 18 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Zoning Ordinance
1. Chapter 18.136, Amendments
a. Section 18.136.010, Amendments
DCC Title 18 may be amended as set forth in DCC 18.136. The
procedures for text or legislative map changes shall be as set forth in
DCC 22.12. A request by a property owner for a quasi-judicial map
amendment shall be accomplished by filing an application on forms
provided by the Planning Department and shall be subject to
applicable procedures of DCC Title 22.
FINDINGS: The applicant has requested approval of a zone change from F-1 to F-2 for the
subject property. The record includes a zone change application filed by the applicant/property
owner on a county form and accompanied by the required application fee. This zone change
application is being processed pursuant to Title 22 of the Deschutes County Code.
b. Section 18.136.020, Rezoning Standards
The applicant for a quasi-judicial rezoning must establish that the
public interest is best served by rezoning the property. Factors to be
demonstrated by the applicant are:
FINDINGS: This provision does not set forth an approval criterion. In ZC-06-3 the Board found
that "this sentence is introductory in nature and is modified by the second sentence which
identifies the applicable zone change approval criteria as those 'factors to be demonstrated' by
the applicant in Paragraphs (A) through (D) of this section. In other words, the applicant must
demonstrate the proposed zone change will best serve the public interest by demonstrating
compliance with these four factors."
A. That the change conforms with the Comprehensive Plan, and
the change is consistent with the plan's introductory statement
ZC-08-4 Page 5 of 17
and goals.
FINDINGS: This factor contains two parts: (1) the zone change conforms to the Comprehensive
Plan and (2) it is consistent with the plan's introductory statement and the plan's goals.
(1) Conformance to the Comprehensive Plan:
The Comprehensive Plan designation of this property is Forest. Property designated for forest
uses on the Comprehensive Plan map can be zoned either F-1 or F-2. Therefore, the
requested F-2 zoning classification for the subject property conforms to the existing
comprehensive plan designation. This criterion is satisfied.
(2) Consistency with the plan's introductory statement and goals:
The Board in ZC-06-3 found that:
"Comprehensive plan statements, goals and policies typically are not intended to,
and do not, constitute mandatory approval criteria for quasi-judicial land use
permit applications. Save Our Skyline v. City of Bend, 48 Or LUBA 192 (2004).
There, LUBA held:
"As intervenor correctly points out, local and statutory requirements that land use
decisions be consistent with the comprehensive plan do not mean that all parts of
the comprehensive plan necessarily are approval standards. [Citations omitted.]
Local governments and this Board have frequently considered the text and
context of cited parts of the comprehensive plan and concluded that the alleged
comprehensive plan standard was not an applicable approval standard.
[Citations omitted.] Even if the comprehensive plan includes provisions that can
operate as approval standards, those standards are not necessarily relevant to
all quasi-judicial land use permit applications. [Citation omitted.] Moreover, even
if a plan provision is a relevant standard that must be considered, the plan
provision might not constitute a separate mandatory approval criterion, in the
sense that it must be separately satisfied, along with any other mandatory
approval criteria, before the application can be approved. Instead, that plan
provision, even if it constitutes a relevant standard, may represent a required
consideration that must be balanced with other relevant considerations. [Citations
omitted.]"
LUBA went on to hold in Save Our Skyline that it is appropriate to "consider first
whether the comprehensive plan itself expressly assigns a particular role to some
or all of the plan's goals and policies." Section 23.08.020 of the county's
comprehensive plan provides as follows:
The purpose of the Comprehensive Plan for Deschutes County is not to
provide a site-specific identification of the appropriate land uses which
may take place on a particular piece of land but rather it is to consider the
significant factors which affect or are affected by development in the
County and provide a general _guide to the various decisions which must be
made to promote the greatest efficiency and equity possible, while
managing the continuing growth and change of the area. Part of that
process is identification of an appropriate land use plan, which is then
ZC-08-4 Page 6 of 17
interpreted to make decisions about specific sites (most often in zoning
and subdivision administration) but the plan must also consider the
sociological, economic and environmental consequences of various
actions and provide guidelines and policies for activities which may have
effects beyond physical changes of the land. (Emphasis added.)
The Hearings Officer finds the above -underscored language strongly suggests
the county's plan statements, goals and policies are not intended to establish
approval standards for quasi-judicial land use permit applications.
In Bothman v. City of Eugene, 51 Or LUBA 426 (2006), LUBA found it
appropriate also to review the language of specific plan policies to determine
whether and to what extent they may in fact establish decisional standards. The
policies at issue in that case included those ranging from aspirational statements
to planning directives to the city to policies with language providing "guidance for
decision-making" with respect to specific rezoning proposals. In Bothman LUBA
concluded the planning commission erred in not considering in a zone change
proceeding a plan policy requiring the city to "(r]ecognize the existing general
office and commercial uses located * * * (in the geographic area including the
subject property] and discourage future rezonings of these properties." LUBA
held that:
"* * * even where a plan provision might not constitute an independently
applicable mandatory approval criterion, it may nonetheless represent a relevant
and necessary consideration that must be reviewed and balanced with other
relevant considerations, pursuant to ordinance provisions that require * * *
consistency with applicable plan provisions. "(Emphasis added.)
The county's comprehensive plan includes a large number of goals and policies.
The applicant's burden of proof addresses goals for rural development, economy,
transportation, public facilities, recreation, energy, natural hazards, destination
resorts, open spaces, fish and wildlife, and forest lands. The Hearings Officer
finds these goals are aspirational in nature and therefore are not intended to
create decision standards for the proposed zone change.
Staff agrees with the above findings that the above -referenced introductory statements and
goals are not approval criteria in this zone change application. However, plan provisions may
require consideration by the decision maker even if they are not applicable approval criteria.
Save Our Skyline v. City of Bend, 48 Or LUBA 192, 209 (2004).
In ZC-06-3 the Board made the following relevant findings:
"The Deschutes County Planning Commission and Board of County
Commissioners (board) undertook a county -wide legislative process
[1992 or earlier] to identify and zone all public forest land F-1, and to zone
all private forest lands as either F-1 or F-2 based on whether such lands
were "unimpacted" or "impacted" considering certain characteristics set
forth in the plan policies. The findings in support of Ordinance 92-024 and
Ordinance 92-026, which amended the zoning ordinance and map to
conform with the new forest land plan policies, state that in rezoning all
private forest lands the board did not give additional consideration to soil
ZC-08-4 Page 7 of 17
capability, and conducted site-specific evaluations of 26 individual forest
tracts identified by staff and/or the property owners as requiring individual
consideration because they had characteristics of both "unimpacted" and
"impacted" forest land. Of these 26 tracts, 14 were zoned F-1 and 12
were zoned F-2."
Copies of Ordinance Nos. 92-024 and 92-026 were submitted as Exhibits J and Exhibit K.
DCC Section 23.92.030 codifies the forest land policies adopted in 1992. In ZC-06-3, the Board
found that the policies in DCC Section 23.92.030 are to be taken into "consideration" in a quasi-
judicial zone change, but are not mandatory approval criteria such that each policy must be met
before a zone change may be approved.
(1) DCC 23.92.020. Goal.
Because of the local importance of forest lands the following goal
has been set: To conserve forest lands for forest uses.
FINDINGS: The goal of the F-2 zone is to conserve forest lands for forest uses, which is
consistent with this plan goal. Thus, F-2 zoning is consistent with this goal.
(2) DCC 23.92.030. Policies.
1. Deschutes County shall designate forest lands on the
comprehensive plan map consistent with Goal 4 and OAR 660, Division 6.
2. Deschutes County shall zone forest lands for uses allowed
pursuant to OAR 660, Division 6. In addition to forest practices and
operations and uses auxiliary to forest practices, as set forth in ORS
527.722, Deschutes County shall allow in the forest environment the
following general types of uses: * * *
3. In order to conserve and maintain the unimpacted forest land
base for forest use the County shall identify and zone as F-1 those lands
which have the following characteristics: * * * [characteristics listed in
FINDINGS, below]
4. In order to conserve and maintain impacted forest lands for
forest use the County shall identify and zone as F-2 those lands
which have the following characteristics: * * * [characteristics listed in
FINDINGS, below]
FINDINGS: In ZC-06-3, the Board found that Policies 1 through 4 direct the County to make
forest land zone change decisions based on a consideration of the "unimpacted" and "impacted"
forest land characteristics listed in Policies 3 and 4. The Board found that all factors are to be
considered and weighed when deciding whether to apply F-1 or F-2 zoning. The following
findings address each policy together, as follows:
DCC 23.92.030
Policy 3
Policy 4
a. Consist predominantly
ownerships not developed
residences or non -forest uses.
of
by
a. Consist predominantly of
ownerships developed for residential
or other non -forest uses,
ZC-08-4
Page 8 of 17
FINDINGS: The subject property is undeveloped but is located in an area that is
dominated by rural residential and resort development. The property is not suited to
commercial forest use for the reasons explained by the USFS in the EA. Additionally,
this part of each policy refers to "ownerships." The area adjacent to and near the
subject property is developed with residences in a rural residential exception area. This
development, roadways and the railroad separate most of the subject property from
undeveloped forest lands. This characteristic weighs in favor of F-2 zoning.
b. Consist predominantly of contiguous
ownerships of 160 acres or larger in
size.
b. Consist predominantly of ownerships
less than 160 acres in size.
FINDINGS: The subject property consists of approximately 179.49 acres of land in
contiguous ownership. Like the prior consideration, this policy is written based on
"ownerships." The properties that adjoin the western boundary of the subject property
are all less than 160 acres in size and, for that reason, have been included in a rural
residential exceptions area. Land to the north is zoned F-2. A part of that land is
developed with small lots as a destination resort. The subject property is separated from
forest land to the east due to the presence of the railroad on its east boundary. Only a
very small part of the subject property, its narrow south boundary, adjoins forest land.
This characteristic weighs in favor of F-2 zoning.
c. Consist predominantly of ownerships
contiguous to other lands utilized for
commercial forest or commercial farm
uses.
c. Consist of ownerships generally
contiguous to tracts containing less
than 160 acres and residences, or
adjacent to acknowledged exception
areas.
FINDINGS: The uses surrounding the subject property are discussed in detail above.
The property abuts an acknowledged rural residential exceptions area to the west. This
area contains three rural residential subdivisions. A small portion of the property's
southern property line abuts federal land owned by the United States and managed by
the USFS. The subject property abuts Vandevert Road to the north and the railroad to
the east. Thus, the majority of the property abuts either rural residential uses in an
acknowledged exceptions area, roads used to access rural residential properties or the
railroad rather than land contiguous to lands utilized for commercial farm or forest uses.
This characteristic weighs in favor of F-2 zoning.
d. Accessed by arterial roads or roads
intended primarily for forest
management.
d. Provided with a level of public
facilities and services, including roads,
intended primarily for direct services to
rural residences.
FINDINGS: The subject property is not accessed by arterial roads or roads used
primarily for forest management.
The subject property is accessed from roads intended primarily for rural residential
subdivisions, forest recreational uses, resort developments and urban uses (Sunriver
ZC-08-4
Page 9 of 17
UUC) — Vandevert Road and Blue Eagle Road. The northern section of Blue Eagle
Road abutting the subject property and connecting to Vandevert Road is a public road.
Blue Eagle Road becomes a private roadway once it enters Vandevert Acres. Blue
Eagle Road is used primarily for access to the rural residences in the Vandevert Acres,
Vandevert Acres South and Pine River Estates subdivisions.
Vandevert Road is a rural collector road. In ZC-06-3, the Board found that Vandevert
Road provides direct service to surrounding rural residential areas such as Caldera
Springs, Crosswater, Sunriver, Vandevert Ranch and the subdivisions abutting the
subject property. Thus, access to the subject property is via roads characteristic of F-2
zoned land.
The level of public facilities and services other than roads on surrounding properties is
also characteristic of F-2 zoned land because of the abutting rural residential
subdivisions. The subject property contains a buried telephone line along the south side
of Vandevert Road and one along Blue Eagle Road. There is an overhead powerline
running north -south along the subject property. This characteristic favors F-2 zoning.
e. Primarily under forest management.
FINDINGS: This is a characteristic of F-1 zoned lands only. As discussed In ZC-06-3, if
the property is not presently primarily under forest management, this weighs in favor of
F-2 rather than F-1 zoning.
In ZC-06-3, the Board determined that forest management "means the property is
managed principally for one or more of the forest operations, practices and uses
described in Title 18." These definitions are set forth on page 14 of the Board decision
in ZC-06-3. The IFB and EA demonstrate that the subject property was identified for
transfer into private ownership because it is no longer suitable for forest management.
The Invitation for Bids document states "[c]onveyance out of federal ownership would
consolidate land ownership patterns in the area and eliminate approximately 945 acres
of National Forest lands that are separated and isolated from larger blocks of national
Forest lands and difficult to manage for National Forest purposes."
As discussed above, the EA concludes that the property is not suitable for forest
management. This fact is significant as it was used by the USFS in making its
determination to sell the subject property out of federal ownership in order to acquire
funds that could be used to acquire "lands that could contribute significant resource
values to the National Forest System, or otherwise be in the public interest to acquire."
All federal forest lands in the County were zoned F-1 in 1992 without an analysis of the
characteristics listed above. This is supported by George Reed's statement made
during a Planning Commission meeting on February 26, 1992 that "all federally owned
land has been zoned F-1." A copy of the relevant pages of the Minutes of the
Deschutes County Planning Commission Meeting of February 26, 1992 was submitted
as Exhibit L.
As the EA explains, the subject property is not suitable for the activities described in
DCC Section 18.04.030 and has therefore been conveyed out of federal ownership into
ZC-08-4
Page 10 of 17
private ownership. The owners of the subject property are not managing it for forest
production. It would not be prudent for the owner to incur the cost of forest
management for this property given the potential conflicts that exist between nearby
residential properties and forest practices.
This characteristic weighs in favor of F-2 zoning.
In ZC-06-3, the Board found that all of the characteristics of either unimpacted (F-1 zoned
lands) or impacted (F-2 zoned lands) forest lands do not need to be satisfied in order to re -zone
property from F-1 to F-2. As the subject property is no longer under public ownership because it
was not suitable for commercial forestry and because the characteristics described in Policies 3
and 4 weigh in favor of F-2 zoning, rezoning the property F-2 is appropriate and consistent with
relevant comprehensive plan policies.
5. Except as identified in this plan non -forest uses shall be
discouraged in existing forested areas.
FINDINGS: The applicant is requesting a zone change from F-1 to F-2 on the zoning map.
This zone change will allow the applicant to develop the property with uses allowed in the F-2
zone under the zoning ordinance in effect when the applicant proposes development on the
subject property. The County's zoning ordinance is currently acknowledged and implements the
comprehensive plan including this plan policy. Thus, this application is consistent with this plan
policy.
DCC 18.136.020(B). That the change in classification for the subject
property is consistent with the purpose and intent of the proposed zone
change classification.
FINDINGS: The purpose statements of the F-1 and F-2 zones are the same: "The purpose of
the Forest Use Zone is to conserve forest lands." Thus, whether the property is zoned F-1 or F-
2, the purpose of the zoning classification is to conserve forest lands and the change in
classification is consistent with the purpose and intent of the proposed zone.
The F-2 zoning district regulations are intended to achieve the purpose of the zone — to
conserve forest lands. Any use allowed by the F-2 zoning regulations has been determined by
the County, and the State of Oregon by acknowledgment of the F-2 zone and its uses, to be
consistent with the purpose and intent of the F-2 zone. Additionally, for this property, the uses
allowed in the F-1 and F-2 zones are identical. The only difference between the zones is that
some F-2 zoned properties may be able to obtain conditional use approval for a destination
resort development if they are mapped as eligible for the use and are large enough to qualify for
the use. The subject property is not mapped as being eligible for destination resort
development.
In addition, in ZC-06-3, the Board found that it is not appropriate to consider "potential
destination resort development under this approval criterion because such development would
require both a lengthy and complex legislative process to map the subject property for such
development, and an equally complex, multi -step quasi-judicial process to obtain conceptual
and final destination resort master plan approval." In ZC-06-3 the Board analyzed Mason v. City
of Corvallis, 49 Or LUBA 199 (2005) and concluded that in Mason, "LUBA held that in reviewing
a proposed zone change under the city's land use regulations, the city did not err in declining to
assume the parcel would be developed with the most intensive uses in part because the
ZC-08-4 Page 11 of 17
applicant did not propose such uses, but also in part because of the use limitations and review
standards applicable to development of uses in that zone."
Finally, the Board found that because, "the county's zoning ordinance has been acknowledged
as consistent with the Goal 4 and its administrative rules, including authorizing destination
resorts and other non -forest uses as conditional uses in the F-2 Zone," destination resort use is
not inconsistent with the goal of the F-2 zone."
Thus, the proposed zone change from F-1 to F-2 will not have any effect on the conservation of
forest lands.
C. That changing the zoning will presently serve the public
health, safety and welfare considering the following factors:
FINDINGS: In ZC-06-3, the Board found "this sentence is introductory in nature and is modified
by the phrase `considering the following factors'- i.e., the specific approval criteria in Paragraphs
(1) and (2) of this section. In other words, the applicant must demonstrate the proposed zone
change will best serve the public interest by demonstrating compliance with these two factors."
1. The availability and efficiency of providing necessary public
services and facilities.
FINDINGS: This criterion requires consideration of necessary public services and facilities to
develop the property as would be allowed under the proposed zoning classification. Those
public services and facilities required to develop the property are dependent upon which uses
are allowed on the property.
The uses allowed on the subject property will not change as a result of approval of this zone
change. For this property, the uses allowed in the F-1 and F-2 zone are identical. As a result,
approval of the requested zone change will not impact the availability and efficiency of providing
necessary public services and facilities to the subject property.
This criterion is also addressed above in response to DCC 23.92.030 - .040(d). As discussed
above, the subject property is provided with a level of public services and facilities characteristic
of impacted F-2 lands that require a low level of public services and facilities.
2. The impacts on the surrounding land use will be consistent
with the specific goals and policies contained within the Comprehensive
Plan.
FINDINGS: The relevant plan goals and policies are addressed above. The County has
determined compliance with this criterion in other zone change applications by looking at
whether the zone change results in increased adverse impacts to adjacent properties. This
zone change does not have any adverse impact on surrounding properties as the zone change
approval will not change the uses allowed on the subject property.
D. That there has been a change in circumstances since the
property was last zoned, or a mistake was made in the zoning of the
property in question.
FINDINGS: Page 7 of the EA describes the change in circumstances on the subject property
ZC-08-4 Page 12 of 17
that has resulted in a Toss of National Forest character of the property and difficulty effectively
managing the property as National Forest land. Also, In ZC-06-3, the Board found that the
reasons for the subject property's change in ownership from federal to private hands show a
change in circumstances that justifies approval of a zone change from F-1 to F-2.
In ZC-06-3, the Board found:
"Many of the rural residential subdivisions located south of Sunriver and
west of Highway 97 were already platted at the time the county adopted
its first zoning ordinance and map. However, there is no question these
subdivisions have achieved their current density since the early 1970's.
The same is true of the Sunriver community which was developed in the
late 1960's but reached buildout only in the last decade. In addition, the
Crosswater and Caldera Springs destination resorts and the Vandevert
Ranch development were approved long after the subject property was
zoned F-1. The result of all of these developments clearly can be seen in
the aerial photograph that forms the basis of the diagram included in the
record as Appendix 1 to the applicant's burden of proof and as Hearing
Exhibit B — i.e., extensive residential and resort development, much of it
at urban and suburban density, and located on three sides of the subject
property.
This surrounding development is largely what prompted the USFS to
identify the subject property for transfer to private ownership. The "Tract
C Land Conveyance" decision included in the record sets forth the
following reasons for the transfer of the subject property and Parcels B
and C:
a. It is difficult and not cost effective to manage these lands as part
of the National Forest System given their rural residential setting,
configuration, size, and existing or increasing encroachments and
unauthorized uses.
b. The properties have lost their character and are no longer
representative of a National Forest, even though people in the local
neighborhood may feel that they still have local character as wooded or
forested areas.
c. The trees on the property provide pleasant aesthetics to the local
residents, but the area can no longer be effectively managed for broader
National Forest goals.
d. The properties have become heavily influenced by their rural
residential setting. Unauthorized uses, including dumping of garbage,
creation of new roads and trails, and illegal firewood and tree removal,
have all contributed to the loss of National Forest character. It may not be
apparent to the casual visitor that these are National Forest lands.
As discussed extensively in the findings above, [In ZC-06-31, the Hearings
Officer has found these factors render the subject property "impacted"
forest land suitable for F-2 zoning. I find these same factors constitute
ZC-08-4 Page 13 of 17
changes in circumstance sufficient to justify the proposed zone change
from F-1 to F-2, therefore satisfying this approval criterion."
The aerial photograph referenced above was submitted as Exhibit N. The subject property in
this application is part of the "Tract C Land Conveyance" properties and has many of the same
characteristics as the property considered under ZC-06-3. In addition, the subject property in
this application abuts three rural residential subdivisions that have been developing since the
1970s and will likely continue to develop, as there are still some vacant lots in these
subdivisions. The cumulative impacts from the nearby development warrant approval of this
request.
B. Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR), Chapter 660
1.Division 12, Transportation Planning
a. OAR 660-012-0060, Plan and Land Use Regulation Amendments
(1) Where an amendment to a functional plan, an acknowledged
comprehensive plan, or a land use regulations would significantly affect an
existing or planned transportation facility, the local government shall put in
place measures as provided in section (2) of this rule to assure that
allowed land uses are consistent with the identified function, capacity, and
performance standards (e.g. level of service, volume to capacity ratio, etc.)
of the facility. A plan or land use regulation amendment significantly
affects a transportation facility if it would:
(a) Change the functional classification of an existing or planned
transportation facility (exclusive of correction of map errors on an adopted
plan);
(b) Change standards implementing a functional classification
system; or
(c) As measured at the end of the planning period identified in the
adopted transportation system plan:
(A) Allow land uses or levels of development that would result in
types or levels of travel or access that are inconsistent with the functional
classification of an existing or planned transportation facility;
(B) Reduce the performance of an existing or planned transportation
facility below the minimum acceptable performance standards identified in
the TSP or comprehensive plan; or
(C) Worsen the performance of an existing or planned transportation
facility that is otherwise projected to perform below the minimum
acceptable performance standard identified in the TSP or comprehensive
plan.
FINDINGS: As discussed in the Deschutes County Board of Commissioner's (the Board's") TPR
analysis in its findings adopting the Board decision in ZC-06-3, the TPR requires the County to
consider the reasonable worst case development scenario under the proposed zoning in a zone
change application. In this case, the Board concluded that destination resort development is not
a "reasonable" worst case scenario for the following reasons:
[B]ecause the zone change from F-1 to F-2 does not itself allow destination
resort development to occur, and because a future mapping amendment and
ZC-08-4 Page 14 of 17
intensive conditional use review (including traffic analysis pursuant to Section
18.113.070(G)) would be required before destination resort development could
occur, destination resort development should not be considered in applying OAR
660-012-0060. Emphasis Added.
***
The subject property must be mapped with the destination resort overlay before
destination resort development could be proposed in the future. Mapping will
require a further amendment to the County comprehensive plan and/or land use
regulations. Even if the County amends the zoning maps to include the property
within the destination resort overlay, a resort will still not be an "allowed" or
"outright permitted" use on the property. Rather, the resort would be a
conditional use on F-2 land.
A traffic letter from Scott Ferguson, P.E., was submitted as Exhibit P. The letter provides an
analysis of the TPR and concludes that a zone change for the subject property would not have a
significant impact under the TPR.
The Deschutes County Transportation Planner commented that no traffic study is required in
this case and that this zone change does not change the potential traffic generation rate for the
subject property.
2. Division 15, State -Wide Planning Goals and Guidelines
a. OAR 660-015-000, State -Wide Planning Goals and Guidelines No.
1 Through No. 14
b. OAR 660-015-005, State -Wide Planning Goal and Guideline No. 15
c. OAR 660-015-010, State -Wide Planning Goals and Guidelines No.
16 Through 19
FINDINGS: As discussed above, Staff does not believe that the Statewide Planning Goals apply
to the County's review of this application. In ZC-06-3, the Board concluded that "in previous
zone change decisions the Hearings Officer has not addressed the statewide goals and
guidelines because they are implemented through the county's acknowledged comprehensive
plan, and the proposed zone change must be found to be consistent with the plan.' Therefore, I
find the goals and guidelines do not apply to this zone change application."
However, the applicant has addressed relevant Statewide Planning Goals. The following
findings, therefore, are provided:
Compliance Statewide Planning Goals
Goal 1, Citizen Involvement. The proposed zone change satisfies this goal because the
Planning Division follows DCC Chapter 22 procedures in reviewing a request for a zone change.
These procedures include individually mailed notices to affected property owners, posting of the
1 E.g., Hap Taylor (ZC-04-5); Yurdin (ZC-04-1).
ZC-08-4 Page 15 of 17
subject property with a notice of proposed land use action sign, and published notice of the
public hearing in the "Bend Bulletin" newspaper. In addition, at least two public hearings will be
held before the proposed zone change is approved, one before the Hearings Officer and one
before the Deschutes County Board of Commissioners (Board). Finally, there will be this staff
report and a written decision provided to the public with information concerning the zone
change.
Goal 2, Land Use Planning. This application is consistent with the goal consistency
requirements of Goal 2 as the proposed zone change does not require a change in the plan
designation. Additionally, the zone change is being considered by the County using a public
review process that includes a public hearing, notice and opportunity for public review.
Goal 3. Agricultural Lands. This goal is not relevant to this zone change application because
the property is not designated Agriculture on the County's comprehensive plan.
Goal 4. Forest Lands. As discussed above, the subject property is designated Forest land on
the County's comprehensive plan map. As the zone change does not change that designation,
the requested zone change meets this goal.
Goal 5, Open Spaces, Scenic and Historic Areas and Natural Resources. This goal is not
relevant to this application because the subject property is not designated as open space or
inventoried with scenic, historic or natural resources other than forest land, which is protected
by Goal 4. Staff notes that an email correspondence on the relevance of Goal 5 to this
application between the applicant's attorney and DLCD is included in the record and
incorporated herein by reference.
Goal 6, Air, Water and Land Resources Quality. As this zone change does not affect the
designation of the subject property as Forestland and because the uses allowed on the subject
property after approval of this zone change will be identical to uses allowed in the F-1 zone, this
proposal does not affect the air, water or land resource quality of the subject property. Thus,
the proposed zone change is consistent with this goal.
Goal 7, Areas Subject to Natural Disasters and Hazards. The subject property is not located
in a known natural disaster or hazard area. Thus, this goal is not relevant to the County's
review of this application.
Goal 8, Recreational Needs. The subject property is not mapped for Destination Resort uses,
or other recreational needs. As the proposed zone change does not reduce or eliminate any
opportunities for recreational facilities on the subject property, it is consistent with this goal.
Goal 9, Economy of the State. The County's comprehensive plan recognizes that timber is an
economic resource in Deschutes County. Because the zone change does not remove the
property from Forestland, the change does not affect the County's compliance with Goal 9.
Goal 10, Housing. This goal is not relevant because the property is not zoned or planned fc r
Goal 10 residential uses.
Goal 11, Public Facilities and Services. As discussed in detail above, the subject property
can be served by adequate public facilities and services. Therefore, the proposed zone change
is consistent with this goal.
ZC-08-4 Page 16 of 7
Goal 12, Transportation. Compliance with this goal is addressed above under the discussion
of OAR 660-012-0060.
Goal 13, Energy Conservation. This goal is not relevant to the proposal.
Goal 14, Urbanization. This goal is not applicable because the applicant's proposal does not
affect property within an urban growth boundary and does not promote the urbanization of rural
land.
Goals 15 through 19. These goals are not applicable because they address river, ocean, and
estuarine resources that are not located in Deschutes County and not affected by the proposal.
IV. RECOMMENDATION:
Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, the Staff recommends
approval of the applicant's proposed zone change from F-1 to F-2 for the subject property.
ZC-08-4 Page 17 of 7
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