HomeMy WebLinkAboutHearing Leventhal Zone Change ApplicationDeschutes County Board of Commissioners
1300 NW Wall St., Suite 200, Bend, OR 97701 -1960
(541) 388 -6570 - Fax (541) 385 -3202 - www.deschutes.org
AGENDA REQUEST & STAFF REPORT
For Board Business Meeting of March 30, 2009
Please see directions for completing this document on the next page.
DATE: 3/10/09
FROM: Will Groves
CDD x6518
TITLE OF AGENDA ITEM:
Public de novo hearing on the Vandevert Road, LLC's proposed zone change from Forest Use (F -1) to
Forest Use (F -2) for an approximately 98 -acre parcel located west of Highway 97 and south of
Sunriver.
PUBLIC HEARING ON THIS DATE? Yes
BACKGROUND AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS:
The applicant requests approval of a zone change from F -1 to F -2 for the subject property. Although the
applicant did not file a development application in conjunction with this application, the intent of the
proposed zone change is to expand the uses permitted on the subject property to include potential
mapping and development of a destination resort, a use not permitted in the F -1 Zone.
The Hearings Officer found the application met all relevant criteria and approved the applicant's
proposed zone change from F -1 to F -2 for the subject property, in a decision dated February 25, 2006.
Under 22.28.030(C) zone changes concerning lands designated for forest use shall be heard de novo
before the Board of County Commissioners without the necessity of filing an appeal, regardless of the
determination of the Hearings Officer.
The county accepted the application as complete on December 22, 2008. The 150 -day clock will expire
on May 21, 2009.
FISCAL IMPLICATIONS:
None.
RECOMMENDATION & ACTION REQUESTED:
Conduct de novo hearing.
ATTENDANCE: BOCC, Legal, Will Groves
DISTRIBUTION OF DOCUMENTS:
BOCC, Legal, Will Groves
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County Zoning
EFU La Pine Subzone (EFULA)
Flood Plain (FP)
Forest Use 1 (F1)
Forest Use 2 (F2)
Rural Residential (RR10)
PROPOSED ZONING MAP
Vandevert Road, LLC
Exhibit "B"
to Ordinance 2009 -XXX
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0 330 880 1,320 1,980
Foot
March 11, 2009
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
OF DESCHUTES COUNTY, OREGON
Tammy Baney, Chair
Dennis R. Luke, Vice Chair
Alan Unger, Commissioner
ATTEST: Recording Secretary
Dated this day of April, 2009
Effective Date: April 2009
tii Community Development Department
Planning Division Building Safety Division Environmental Health Division
117 NW Lafayette Avenue Bend Oregon 97701 -1925
(541)388 -6575 FAX (541)385 -1764
http : / /www.co.deschutes.or.us /cdd/
Staff Report
The Deschutes County Hearings Officer will hold a Public Hearing on January 27, 2009 at 6:30
P.M. in the Barnes and Sawyer rooms of the Deschutes Services Building located at 1300 NW
Wall Street in Bend, to consider the following request:
FILE NUMBERS: ZC -08 -7
LOCATION: This property is Tax Lot 105 on Assessor's Map 20- 11 -00.
APPLICANT: David Leventhal, General Counsel
Vandevert Road, LLC
18565 Soledad Canyon Road, Suite 300
Santa Clarita, CA 91351
PROPERTY OWNER: Vandevert Road, LLC
18565 Soledad Canyon Road, Suite 300
Santa Clarita, CA 91351
APPLICANT'S ATTORNEY: Tamara E. MacLeod
Karnopp Petersen LLP
1201 N.W. Wall Street, Suite 300
Bend, Oregon 97701
REQUEST: The applicant requests approval of a zone change from F -1 to F -2
for the subject property.
STAFF CONTACT: Will Groves, Senior Planner
I. APPLICABLE STANDARDS AND CRITERIA:
A. Title 18 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Zoning Ordinance
1. Chapter 18.136, Amendments
* Section 18.136.010, Amendments
* Section 18.136.020, Rezoning Standards
B. Title 23 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Comprehensive
Plan
Quality Services Performed with Pride
1. Chapter 23.92, Forest Lands
* Section 23.92.020, Goal
* Section 23.92.030, Policies
C. Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR) Chapter 660
1. OAR 660 - 015 -0000, Statewide Planning Goals
2. OAR 660 -012 -0060, Plan and Land Use Regulation Amendments
II. FINDINGS OF FACT:
A. Location: The subject property is approximately 18 miles southwest of Bend and 4
miles south of Sunriver. It abuts Vandevert Road to the north, South Century Drive to
the west, Blue Eagle Road to the east, and privately owned land to the south. The
subject property is identified as Tax Lot 105 on Assessor's Map 20 -11 -00 and shown in
greater detail on Assessor's Map 20- 11 -20.
B. Zoning and Plan Designation: The subject property is zoned F -1, Forest Use, and
designated Forest on the Deschutes County Comprehensive Plan map, a copy of which
was submitted as Exhibit D. Because the Applicant is seeking approval of a zone
change to F -2, Forest Use, the subject property's comprehensive plan map designation
will remain Forest. The subject property has three overlay zones: (1) nearly the entire
parcel is in the Landscape Management ( "LM ") combining zone; and the entire parcel is
in the Wildlife Area ( "WA ") combining zone, specifically the Deer Migration corridor.
C. Site Description: The subject property is approximately 98.68 acres. A detailed site
description of the property is contained in the Tract C Land Conveyance Environmental
Assessment (the "EA ") prepared by the USFS as part of the "Project Documents" for the
Tract C Lands and incorporated by reference herein. The subject property is Parcel "B"
of Tract C, also known as the "Vandevert Parcel." The subject property is located in the
southwest part of the Vandevert Parcel, south of Vandevert Road. Like all of Tract C,
the subject property is isolated from other National Forest Lands by U.S. Highway 97,
the Burlington Northern -Sante Fe (BNSF) railroad tracks, destination resorts, and rural
residential properties. The EA explains that the Vandevert Parcel's location is a factor in
its loss of National Forest character:
"The Vandevert parcel is considered as having lost its National Forest
character and [is] difficult to effectively manage for National Forest
purposes. The railroad tracks and highway effectively isolate this parcel
from the large consolidated tract of National Forest land that lies to the
east. Its proximity to housing developments, railroad tracks, Highway 97,
major county roads, and private lands limit the effectiveness of
vegetation, wildlife, recreation, and other Forest management programs.
Evidence of urban civilization, such as powerlines, railroad, unauthorized
roads and trails, and piles of household garbage are indications that this
land has lost its National Forest character. Tracts such as this become
increasingly more difficult to manage, especially as increased
unauthorized and inappropriate uses by people occur."
ZC -08 -7 2
D. Surrounding Zoning and Land Uses:
North: Parcel "A" of the Tract C Lands lies to the north of the subject property
across Vandevert Road. In the Pine Forest Decision (ZC- 06 -3), the County approved a
zone change of that 617 -acre property from F -1 to F -2. To its west, the Pine Forest
Property adjoins the recently approved Caldera Springs Resort. Caldera Springs is a
390 -acre destination resort that is zoned F -2 and includes 370 individual ownerships.
To the west of Caldera Springs is the Crosswater destination resort, which consists of 60
acres of F -2 zoned land and includes 120 separate ownerships.
Further to the north is Sunriver Business Park, an 85 -acre development including
120 individually owned commercial uses. North of that is Sunriver, a 3,300 -acre
unincorporated community on land zoned Urban Unincorporated Community (UUC) and
developed with 4,100 separate ownerships, two golf courses, an airport, marina,
clubhouse, and commercial centers with a variety of commercial uses.
South: To the south of the subject property is a strip of property zoned Rural
Residential (RR -10), and further south is property zoned F -2.
East: To the east of the subject property along Blue Eagle Road is
approximately 200 acres of rural residential development, including the Pine River
Estates and Vandevert Acres subdivisions. Pine River Estates contains 32 lots, each of
which consists of a little more than an acre, and Vandevert Acres, which adjoins Pine
River Estates to the south, contains 30 residential lots that range from approximately 1
acre to a little more than 2 acres. Further east is Parcel "C" of the Vandevert Parcel,
which is approximately 180 acres of vacant forest land zoned F -1. The owner of that
parcel recently has received approval for a zone change from F -1 to F -2 (ZC- 08 -4). The
BNSF railroad tracks lay to the east of Parcel C, and, to the east of the tracks, lays U.S.
Highway 97 and its 230 - foot -wide right of way. Beyond that is tens of thousands of
acres of USFS land that is zoned F -1.
West: To the west of the subject property is South Century Drive, and west of
that is the Vandevert Ranch Phase I, an F -2 zoned subdivision with rural residential
development. Further to the west is the Little Deschutes River.
E. Proposal: The applicant requests approval of a zone change from F -1 to F -2 for the
subject property.
F. Public /Private Agency Comments: The Planning Division mailed notice of the
applicant's proposal to a number of public and private agencies and received responses
from: the Deschutes Road Department, Property Address Coordinator, Senior
Transportation Planner; the La Pine Fire Department, and USFS. These comments are
included in the record by reference.
The following agencies did not respond to the notice: Watermaster, DLSD, ODOT,
Deschutes County Forester, and the USFS.
G. Public Notice and Comments: The Planning Division mailed individual written notice of
the applicant's proposal and the public hearing to the owners of record of all property
located within 750 feet of the subject property. In addition, notice of the public hearing
was published in the Bend "Bulletin" newspaper, and the subject property was posted
ZC -08 -7 3
with a notice of proposed land use action sign. No public response has been received
as of the writing of this Staff Report.
H. Lot of Record: In file number PA- 08- 2/ZC- 08- 2/MA -08 -8, the Hearings Officer found
that a property with a similar history of federal conveyance was not a lot of record since
it was not created by a partition or subdivision, and was not exempt from the county's
land division requirements, since the federal preemption terminated when the property
was conveyed to the present landowner.
Given the similar federal conveyance history of the subject property, the Staff believes
that the Lot of Record status of the subject property is not a lot of record as defined in
DCC 18.04.030. However, in file number PA- 08- 2/ZC- 08- 2/MA -08 -8, the Hearings
Officer found the provisions of Chapter 18.136 governing zone changes do not use the
terms "lot" and "parcel," and do not require that land be a lot of record in order to be
rezoned.
Therefore, the Staff believes that the subject property is not a lot of record, but that the
subject property need not be a Lot of Record in order to be rezoned because no
approval criteria require that status.
III. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW:
A. Historical Background:
FINDINGS: The record indicates that in 2000 the U.S. Congress enacted the 2000 Bend Pine
Nursery Land Conveyance Act (Public Law 106 -526) which authorized the Deschutes National
Forest to exchange or transfer into private ownership lands identified as no longer suitable for
USFS management. The record indicates the Act identified 7 parcels for potential transfer to
private ownership, including a 950 -acre parcel of federal forest land called the "Tract C Land
Conveyance." That tract included three parcels: Parcel A, Parcel C and Parcel B, the subject
property. The Deschutes National Forest Bend -Fort Rock Ranger District conducted an
environmental assessment of Tract C. Based on that assessment, USFS Regional Forester
Linda Goodman issued a "Decision Notice and Finding of No Significant Impact" (hereafter
"decision ") authorizing Tract C to be transferred from the USFS into private ownership. As
discussed above, the applicant purchased Parcel B from the USFS. Copies of the
environmental assessment and decision for Tract C are included in this record as attachments
to the applicant's burden of proof. The decision states in pertinent part:
"The primary purpose for conveying lands out of federal ownership is to dispose
of these isolated tracts of National Forest System Lands that have lost their
National Forest character and are difficult to manage. Sale of the lands would
have a second purpose, which is to use the proceeds to help fund new Forest
Service administrative facilities, as provided in the 2000 Bend Pine Nursery Land
Conveyance Act (Public Law 106 -526). Exchange of the lands would have a third
purpose, which is to acquire private lands that would contribute significant
resource values to the National Forest System, or otherwise be in the public
interest to acquire."
The decision identifies the alternatives to conveyance of Tract C considered by Ms. Goodman,
and includes the following findings in support of her decision that Tract C should be transferred
ZC -08 -7 4
into private ownership:
"I have concluded that the conveyance of these federal lands is in the public
interest, and that conveyance of the parcels outweighs benefits of keeping them
in federal ownership. The parcels are isolated National Forest properties, nearly
surrounded by private land. It is difficult and not cost effective to manage these
lands as part of the National Forest System given their rural residential setting,
configuration, size, and existing or increasing encroachments and unauthorized
uses. These parcels are identified as being available for disposal under the Bend
Pine Nursery Land Conveyance Act signed into law November 22, 2000. This
decision implements the Act, allowing lands to be used for purposes potentially
better suited to the location.
The properties have lost their character and are no longer representative of a
National Forest, even though people in the local neighborhood may feel that they
still have local character as wooded or forested areas. The trees provide
pleasant aesthetics to the local residents, but the area can no longer be
effectively managed for broader National Forest goals. The properties have
become heavily influenced by their rural residential setting. Unauthorized uses,
including dumping of garbage, creation of new roads and trails, and illegal
firewood and tree removal, have all contributed to the loss of National Forest
character. It may not be apparent to the casual visitor that these are National
Forest lands.
Future land uses will be under the jurisdiction of county and state regulations and
zoning requirements, and I am confident that future approved uses would be
balanced and responsive to local community needs, protect local resources and
scenic values, and incorporate site specific concerns of nearby residents and the
local public. Social issues such as school needs, transportation, and water and
sewer services, would be considered and addressed in the land use application
process for any developments proposed in the future. I believe that under private
ownership, the properties would be utilized in a way that is more responsive to
the needs and economy of the local area."
C. Title 18 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Zoning Ordinance
1. Chapter 18.136, Amendments
a. Section 18.136.010, Amendments
DCC Title 18 may be amended as set forth in DCC 18.136. The
procedures for text or legislative map changes shall be as set forth in
DCC 22.12. A request by a property owner for a quasi-judicial map
amendment shall be accomplished by filing an application on forms
provided by the Planning Department and shall be subject to
applicable procedures of DCC Title 22.
FINDINGS: The applicant has requested approval of a zone change from F -1 to F -2 for the
subject property. The record includes a zone change application filed by the applicant/property
ZC -08 -7
5
owner on a county form and accompanied by the required application fee. This zone change
application has been processed pursuant to Title 22 of the Deschutes County Code.
b. Section 18.136.020, Rezoning Standards
The applicant for a quasi-judicial rezoning must establish that the
public interest is best served by rezoning the property. Factors to be
demonstrated by the applicant are:
FINDINGS: This provision does not set forth an approval criterion. In the Pine Forest Decision
the Hearings Officer found that "this sentence is introductory in nature and is modified by the
second sentence which identifies the applicable zone change approval criteria as those `factors
to be demonstrated' by the applicant in Paragraphs (A) through (D) of this section. In other
words, the applicant must demonstrate the proposed zone change will best serve the public
interest by demonstrating compliance with these four factors."
A. That the change conforms with the Comprehensive Plan, and
the change is consistent with the plan's introductory statement
and goals.
FINDINGS: This factor contains two parts: (1) the zone change conforms to the Comprehensive
Plan and (2) it is consistent with the plan's introductory statement and the plan's goals.
(1) Conformance to the Comprehensive Plan:
The Comprehensive Plan designation of this property is Forest. Property designated for forest
uses on the Comprehensive Plan map can be zoned either F -1 or F -2. Therefore, the
requested F -2 zoning classification for the subject property conforms to the existing
comprehensive plan designation. This criterion is satisfied.
(2) Consistency with the plan's introductory statement and goals:
The Hearings Officer in the Pine Forest Decision found that:
"Comprehensive plan statements, goals and policies typically are not intended to,
and do not, constitute mandatory approval criteria for quasi-judicial land use
permit applications. Save Our Skyline v. City of Bend, 48 Or LUBA 192 (2004).
There, LUBA held:
"As intervenor correctly points out, local and statutory requirements that land use
decisions be consistent with the comprehensive plan do not mean that all parts of
the comprehensive plan necessarily are approval standards. [Citations omitted.]
Local governments and this Board have frequently considered the text and
context of cited parts of the comprehensive plan and concluded that the alleged
comprehensive plan standard was not an applicable approval standard.
[Citations omitted.] Even if the comprehensive plan includes provisions that can
operate as approval standards, those standards are not necessarily relevant to
all quasi-judicial land use permit applications. [Citation omitted.] Moreover, even
if a plan provision is a relevant standard that must be considered, the plan
provision might not constitute a separate mandatory approval criterion, in the
sense that it must be separately satisfied, along with any other mandatory
ZC -08 -7 6
approval criteria, before the application can be approved. Instead, that plan
provision, even if it constitutes a relevant standard, may represent a required
consideration that must be balanced with other relevant considerations. [Citations
omitted.]"
LUBA went on to hold in Save Our Skyline that it is appropriate to "consider first
whether the comprehensive plan itself expressly assigns a particular role to some
or all of the plan's goals and policies." Section 23.08.020 of the county's
comprehensive plan provides as follows:
The purpose of the Comprehensive Plan for Deschutes County is not to
provide a site - specific identification of the appropriate land uses which
may take place on a particular piece of land but rather it is to consider the
significant factors which affect or are affected by development in the
County and provide a general guide to the various decisions which must be
made to promote the greatest efficiency and equity possible, while
managing the continuing growth and change of the area. Part of that
process is identification of an appropriate land use plan, which is then
interpreted to make decisions about specific sites (most often in zoning
and subdivision administration) but the plan must also consider the
sociological, economic and environmental consequences of various
actions and provide guidelines and policies for activities which may have
effects beyond physical changes of the land. (Emphasis added.)
The Hearings Officer finds the above - underscored language strongly suggests
the county's plan statements, goals and policies are not intended to establish
approval standards for quasi-judicial land use permit applications.
In Bothman v. City of Eugene, 51 Or LUBA 426 (2006), LUBA found it
appropriate also to review the language of specific plan policies to determine
whether and to what extent they may in fact establish decisional standards. The
policies at issue in that case included those ranging from aspirational statements
to planning directives to the city to policies with language providing "guidance for
decision - making" with respect to specific rezoning proposals. In Bothman LUBA
concluded the planning commission erred in not considering in a zone change
proceeding a plan policy requiring the city to "('r]ecognize the existing general
office and commercial uses located * * * [in the geographic area including the
subject property] and discourage future rezonings of these properties." LUBA
held that:
"* * * even where a plan provision might not constitute an independently
applicable mandatory approval criterion, it may nonetheless represent a relevant
and necessary consideration that must be reviewed and balanced with other
relevant considerations, pursuant to ordinance provisions that require * * *
consistency with applicable plan provisions. "(Emphasis added.)
The county's comprehensive plan includes a large number of goals and policies.
The applicant's burden of proof addresses goals for rural development, economy,
transportation, public facilities, recreation, energy, natural hazards, destination
resorts, open spaces, fish and wildlife, and forest lands. The Hearings Officer
ZC -08 -7 7
finds these goals are aspirational in nature and therefore are not intended to
create decision standards for the proposed zone change.
Staff agrees with the above findings that the above - referenced introductory statements and
goals are not approval criteria in this zone change application. However, plan provisions may
require consideration by the decision maker even if they are not applicable approval criteria.
Save Our Skyline v. City of Bend, 48 Or LUBA 192, 209 (2004).
The Hearings Officer in the Pine Forest Decision made the following relevant findings:
"The Deschutes County Planning Commission and Board of County
Commissioners (board) undertook a county -wide legislative process [1992 or
earlier] to identify and zone all public forest land F -1, and to zone all private
forest lands as either F -1 or F -2 based on whether such lands were "unimpacted"
or "impacted" considering certain characteristics set forth in the plan policies. The
findings in support of Ordinance 92 -024 and Ordinance 92 -026, which amended
the zoning ordinance and map to conform with the new forest land plan policies,
state that in rezoning all private forest lands the board did not give additional
consideration to soil capability, and conducted site - specific evaluations of 26
individual forest tracts identified by staff and /or the property owners as requiring
individual consideration because they had characteristics of both "unimpacted"
and "impacted" forest land. Of these 26 tracts, 14 were zoned F -1 and 12 were
zoned F -2."
DCC Section 23.92.030 codifies the forest land policies adopted in 1992. In the Pine Forest
Decision, the Hearings Officer found that the policies in DCC Section 23.92.030 are to be taken
into "consideration" in a quasi - judicial zone change, but are not mandatory approval criteria
such that each policy must be met before a zone change may be approved.
(1) DCC 23.92.020. Goal.
Because of the local importance of forest lands the following goal
has been set: To conserve forest lands for forest uses.
FINDINGS: The goal of the F -2 zone is to conserve forest lands for forest uses, which is
consistent with this plan goal. Thus, F -2 zoning is consistent with this goal.
(2) DCC 23.92.030. Policies.
1. Deschutes County shall designate forest lands on the
comprehensive plan map consistent with Goal 4 and OAR 660, Division 6.
2. Deschutes County shall zone forest lands for uses allowed
pursuant to
OAR 660, Division 6. In addition to forest practices and operations
and uses auxiliary to forest practices, as set forth in ORS 527.722,
Deschutes County shall allow in the forest environment the following
general types of uses: * *
3. In order to conserve and maintain the unimpacted forest land
base for forest use the County shall identify and zone as F -1 those lands
which have the following characteristics: * * * [characteristics listed in
FINDINGS, below]
4. In order to conserve and maintain impacted forest lands for
ZC -08 -7 8
forest use the County shall identify and zone as F -2 those lands
which have the following characteristics: * * * [characteristics listed in
FINDINGS, below]
FINDINGS: In deciding whether to rezone the F -1 zoned land in the Pine Forest Decision to F-
2, the Hearings Officer found that Policies 1 through 4 direct the County to make forest land
zone change decisions based on a consideration of the "unimpacted" and "impacted" forest land
characteristics listed in Policies 3 and 4. The Hearings Officer found that all factors are to be
considered and weighed when deciding whether to apply F -1 or F -2 zoning. The following
findings address each policy together, as follows:
DCC 23.92.030
Policy 3
Policy 4
a. Consist predominantly of
ownerships not developed by
residences or non - forest uses.
a. Consist predominantly of
ownerships developed for residential
or other non - forest uses.
FINDINGS: The subject property is undeveloped but is located in an area that is
dominated by rural residential and resort development. The property is not suited to
commercial forest use for the reasons explained by the USFS in the EA. Additionally,
this part of each policy refers to "ownerships." The area adjacent to and near the
subject property is developed with residences in a rural residential exception area. This
development, roadways and the railroad separate most of the subject property from
undeveloped forest lands. This characteristic weighs in favor of F -2 zoning.
b. Consist predominantly of contiguous
ownerships of 160 acres or larger in
size.
b. Consist predominantly of ownerships
less than 160 acres in size.
FINDINGS: The subject property consists of approximately 99 acres of land in
contiguous ownership. Like the prior consideration, this policy is written based on
"ownerships." The properties that adjoin the eastern boundary of the subject property
are all less than 160 acres in size and, for that reason, have been included in a rural
residential exceptions area. Land to the north is zoned F -2. A part of that land is
developed with small lots as a destination resort. The western boundary of the subject
property abuts South Century Drive, and to the west of that is an F -2 zoned subdivision.
Land to the south of the subject property is zoned RR -10 and F -2. This characteristic
weighs in favor of F -2 zoning.
c. Consist predominantly of ownerships
contiguous to other lands utilized for
commercial forest or commercial farm
uses.
c. Consist of ownerships generally
contiguous to tracts containing less
than 160 acres and residences, or
adjacent to acknowledged exception
areas.
FINDINGS: The uses surrounding the subject property are discussed in detail above.
ZC -08 -7
9
The property abuts an acknowledged rural residential exceptions area to the east. This
area contains three rural residential subdivisions. The subject property abuts South
Century Drive to the west. To the south of the subject property is a strip of property
zoned Rural Residential (RR -10), and further south is property zoned F -2. Thus, the
majority of the property abuts either rural residential uses in an acknowledged
exceptions area or roads used to access rural residential properties rather than land
contiguous to lands utilized for commercial farm or forest uses. This characteristic
weighs in favor of F -2 zoning.
d. Accessed by arterial roads or roads
intended primarily for forest
management.
d. Provided with a level of public
facilities and services, including roads,
intended primarily for direct services to
rural residences.
FINDINGS: The subject property abuts two designated rural collector roads: South
Century Drive on the west and Vandevert Road on the north. Those roads are neither
"arterial roads" nor "roads intended primarily for forest management" as contemplated for
"unimpacted" forest lands. Rather, both South Century Drive and Vandevert Road
provide direct service to surrounding rural residential areas such as Caldera Springs,
Crosswater, Sunriver, Vandevert Ranch, Blue Eagle, and numerous other rural
residential subdivisions. Additionally, Vandevert Road connects directly to U.S. Highway
97, and South Century Drive is the primary north -south road for local traffic. The
northern section of Blue Eagle Road abutting a portion of the subject property's eastern
boundary and connecting to Vandevert Road is a public road. Blue Eagle Road is used
primarily for access to the rural residences in the Vandevert Acres, Vandevert Acres
South, and Pine River Estates subdivisions. Thus, access to the subject property is via
roads that are characteristic of F -2 zoned Iand.Furthermore, the level of public facilities
and services other than roads on surrounding properties is characteristic of F -2 zoned
land. Moreover, the subject property is already service -ready by Midstate Electric
Cooperative, US West telephone, and Chamber Cable. This characteristic weighs in
favor of F -2 zoning.
e. Primarily under forest management.
FINDINGS: This is a characteristic of F -1 zoned lands only. As discussed in the Pine
Forest Decision, if the property is not presently primarily under forest management, this
weighs in favor of F -2 rather than F -1 zoning.
In the Pine Forest Decision, the Hearings Officer determined that forest management
"means the property is managed principally for one or more of the forest operations,
practices and uses described in Title 18." These definitions are set forth on page 14 of
the Pine Forest Decision. The IFB and EA demonstrate that the subject property was
identified for transfer into private ownership because it is no longer suitable for forest
management. The Invitation for Bids document states "[c]onveyance out of federal
ownership would consolidate land ownership patterns in the area and eliminate
approximately 945 acres of National Forest lands that are separated and isolated from
larger blocks of national Forest lands and difficult to manage for National Forest
ZC -08 -7
10
purposes."
As discussed above, the EA concludes that the property is not suitable for forest
management. This fact is significant as it was used by the USFS in making its
determination to sell the subject property out of federal ownership in order to acquire
funds that could be used to acquire "lands that could contribute significant resource
values to the National Forest System, or otherwise be in the public interest to acquire."
All federal forest lands in the County were zoned F -1 in 1992 without an analysis of the
characteristics listed above. This is supported by George Reed's statement made
during a Planning Commission meeting on February 26, 1992 that "all federally owned
land has been zoned F -1." A copy of the relevant pages of the Minutes of the
Deschutes County Planning Commission Meeting of February 26, 1992 was submitted
as Exhibit L.
As the EA explains, the subject property is not suitable for the forest management and
has therefore been conveyed out of federal ownership into private ownership. The
owners of the subject property are not managing it for forest production. The owner has
asserted that it would not be prudent for the to incur the cost of forest management for
this property given the potential conflicts that exist between nearby residential
properties and forest practices.
This characteristic weighs in favor of F -2 zoning.
In the Pine Forest Decision, the Hearings Officer found that all of the characteristics of either
unimpacted (F -1 zoned lands) or impacted (F -2 zoned lands) forest lands do not need to be
satisfied in order to re -zone property from F -1 to F -2. As the subject property is no longer under
public ownership because it was not cost effective to manage as federal forest land and
because the characteristics described in Policies 3 and 4 weigh in favor of F -2 zoning, the
applicant asserts that rezoning the property F -2 is appropriate and consistent with relevant
comprehensive plan policies.
5. Except as identified in this plan non - forest uses shall be
discouraged in existing forested areas.
FINDINGS: The applicant is requesting a zone change from F -1 to F -2 on the zoning map.
This zone change will allow the applicant to develop the property with uses allowed in the F -2
zone under the zoning ordinance in effect when the applicant proposes development on the
subject property. The County's zoning ordinance is currently acknowledged and implements the
comprehensive plan including this plan policy. Thus, this application is consistent with this plan
policy.
DCC 18.136.020(B). That the change in classification for the subject
property is consistent with the purpose and intent of the proposed zone
change classification.
FINDINGS: The purpose statements of the F -1 and F -2 zones are the same: "The purpose of
the Forest Use Zone is to conserve forest lands." Thus, whether the property is zoned F -1 or F-
2, the purpose of the zoning classification is to conserve forest lands and the change in
classification is consistent with the purpose and intent of the proposed zone.
ZC -08 -7
11
The F -2 zoning district regulations are intended to achieve the purpose of the zone — to
conserve forest lands. Any use allowed by the F -2 zoning regulations has been determined by
the County, and the State of Oregon by acknowledgment of the F -2 zone and its uses, to be
consistent with the purpose and intent of the F -2 zone. Additionally, for this property, the uses
allowed in the F -1 and F -2 zones are identical. The only difference between the zones is that
some F -2 zoned properties may be able to obtain conditional use approval for a destination
resort development if they are mapped as eligible for the use and are large enough to qualify for
the use. The subject property is not mapped as being eligible for destination resort
development.
In addition, in the Pine Forest Decision, the Hearings Officer found that it is not appropriate to
consider "potential destination resort development under this approval criterion because such
development would require both a lengthy and complex legislative process to map the subject
property for such development, and an equally complex, multi -step quasi - judicial process to
obtain conceptual and final destination resort master plan approval." The Hearings Officer in
the Pine Forest Decision analyzed Mason v. City of Corvallis, 49 Or LUBA 199 (2005) and
concluded that in Mason, "LUBA held that in reviewing a proposed zone change under the city's
land use regulations, the city did not err in declining to assume the parcel would be developed
with the most intensive uses in part because the applicant did not propose such uses, but also
in part because of the use limitations and review standards applicable to development of uses in
that zone."
Finally, the Hearings Officer found that because, "the county's zoning ordinance has been
acknowledged as consistent with the Goal 4 and its administrative rules, including authorizing
destination resorts and other non - forest uses as conditional uses in the F -2 Zone," destination
resort use is not inconsistent with the goal of the F -2 zone."
Thus, the proposed zone change from F -1 to F -2 will not have any effect on the conservation of
forest lands.
C. That changing the zoning will presently serve the public
health, safety and welfare considering the following factors:
FINDINGS: In the Pine Forest Decision, the Hearings Officer found "this sentence is
introductory in nature and is modified by the phrase 'considering the following factors'- i.e., the
specific approval criteria in Paragraphs (1) and (2) of this section. In other words, the applicant
must demonstrate the proposed zone change will best serve the public interest by
demonstrating compliance with these two factors."
1. The availability and efficiency of providing necessary public
services and facilities.
FINDINGS: This criterion requires consideration of necessary public services and facilities to
develop the property as would be allowed under the proposed zoning classification. Those
public services and facilities required to develop the property are dependent upon which uses
are allowed on the property.
The uses allowed on the subject property will not change as a result of approval of this zone
change. For this property, the uses allowed in the F -1 and F -2 zone are identical. As a result,
approval of the requested zone change will not impact the availability and efficiency of providing
necessary public services and facilities to the subject property.
ZC -08 -7
12
This criterion is also addressed above in response to DCC 23.92.030 - .040(d). As discussed
above, the subject property is provided with a level of public services and facilities characteristic
of impacted F -2 lands that require a low level of public services and facilities.
2. The impacts on the surrounding land use will be consistent
with the specific goals and policies contained within the Comprehensive
Plan.
FINDINGS: The relevant plan goals and policies are addressed above. The County has
determined compliance with this criterion in other zone change applications by looking at
whether the zone change results in increased adverse impacts to adjacent properties. This
zone change does not have any adverse impact on surrounding properties as the zone change
approval will not change the uses allowed on the subject property.
D. That there has been a change in circumstances since the
property was last zoned, or a mistake was made in the zoning of the
property in question.
FINDINGS: There is a change in circumstances that justifies approval of the requested rezone.
The changes in circumstances since the property was zoned F -1 are:
1. The Bend Pine Nursery Land Conveyance Act of November 22, 2000. This Act, as
discussed in the EA, "gives the Forest Service authority to sell or exchange these
[specific National Forest] lands and retain the funds for the acquisition of new
administrative facilities for the Deschutes National Forest." Please see page 3 of the
EA.
2. Cumulative impacts on the subject property from continued growth in this area of the
county as discussed below and as described in the EA.
Page 7 of the EA describes the change in circumstances on the subject property that has
resulted in a Toss of National Forest character of the property and difficulty effectively managing
the property as National Forest land.
In the Pine Forest Decision, the Hearings Officer found that the reasons for the subject
property's change in ownership from federal to private hands show a change in circumstances
that justifies approval of a zone change from F -1 to F -2.
In the Pine Forest Decision, the Hearings Officer found:
"Many of the rural residential subdivisions located south of Sunriver and west of
Highway 97 were already platted at the time the county adopted its first zoning
ordinance and map. However, there is no question these subdivisions have
achieved their current density since the early 1970's. The same is true of the
Sunriver community which was developed in the late 1960's but reached buildout
only in the last decade. In addition, the Crosswater and Caldera Springs
destination resorts and the Vandevert Ranch development were approved long
after the subject property was zoned F -1. The result of all of these developments
clearly can be seen in the aerial photograph that forms the basis of the diagram
ZC -08 -7
13
included in the record as Appendix 1 to the applicant's burden of proof and as
Hearing Exhibit B — i.e., extensive residential and resort development, much of it
at urban and suburban density, and located on three sides of the subject
property.
This surrounding development is largely what prompted the USFS to identify the
subject property for transfer to private ownership. The "Tract C Land
Conveyance" decision included in the record sets forth the following reasons for
the transfer of the subject property and Parcels B and C:
a. It is difficult and not cost effective to manage these lands as part of the
National Forest System given their rural residential setting, configuration,
size, and existing or increasing encroachments and unauthorized uses.
b. The properties have lost their character and are no longer representative
of a National Forest, even though people in the local neighborhood may
feel that they still have local character as wooded or forested areas.
c. The trees on the property provide pleasant aesthetics to the local
residents, but the area can no longer be effectively managed for broader
National Forest goals.
d. The properties have become heavily influenced by their rural residential
setting. Unauthorized uses, including dumping of garbage, creation of
new roads and trails, and illegal firewood and tree removal, have all
contributed to the loss of National Forest character. It may not be
apparent to the casual visitor that these are National Forest lands.
As discussed extensively in the findings above, [in the Pine Forest Decision], the
Hearings Officer has found these factors render the subject property "impacted"
forest land suitable for F -2 zoning. I find these same factors constitute changes in
circumstance sufficient to justify the proposed zone change from F -1 to F -2,
therefore satisfying this approval criterion."
The subject property in this application is part of the "Tract C Land Conveyance" properties and
has many of the same characteristics as the property in the Pine Forest Decision. In addition,
the subject property in this application abuts three rural residential subdivisions that have been
developing since the 1970s and will likely continue to develop, as there are still some vacant
Tots in these subdivisions.
B. Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR), Chapter 660
1.Division 12, Transportation Planning
a. OAR 660 - 012 -0060, Plan and Land Use Regulation Amendments
(1) Where an amendment to a functional plan, an acknowledged
comprehensive plan, or a land use regulations would significantly affect an
existing or planned transportation facility, the local government shall put in
place measures as provided in section (2) of this rule to assure that
allowed land uses are consistent with the identified function, capacity, and
ZC -08 -7
14
performance standards (e.g. level of service, volume to capacity ratio, etc.)
of the facility. A plan or land use regulation amendment significantly
affects a transportation facility if it would:
(a) Change the functional classification of an existing or planned
transportation facility (exclusive of correction of map errors on an adopted
plan);
(b) Change standards implementing a functional classification
system; or
(c) As measured at the end of the planning period identified in the
adopted transportation system plan:
(A) Allow land uses or levels of development that would result in
types or levels of travel or access that are inconsistent with the functional
classification of an existing or planned transportation facility;
(B) Reduce the performance of an existing or planned transportation
facility below the minimum acceptable performance standards identified in
the TSP or comprehensive plan; or
(C) Worsen the performance of an existing or planned transportation
facility that is otherwise projected to perform below the minimum
acceptable performance standard identified in the TSP or comprehensive
plan.
FINDINGS: As discussed in the Deschutes County Board of Commissioner's (the Board's ") TPR
analysis in its findings adopting the Pine Forest Decision, the TPR requires the County to
consider the reasonable worst case development scenario under the proposed zoning in a zone
change application. In this case, the Board concluded that destination resort development is not
a "reasonable" worst case scenario for the following reasons:
[B]ecause the zone change from F -1 to F -2 does not itself allow destination
resort development to occur, and because a future mapping amendment and
intensive conditional use review (including traffic analysis pursuant to Section
18.113.070(G)) would be required before destination resort development could
occur, destination resort development should not be considered in applying OAR
660 - 012 -0060. Emphasis Added.
* **
The subject property must be mapped with the destination resort overlay before
destination resort development could be proposed in the future. Mapping will
require a further amendment to the County comprehensive plan and /or land use
regulations. Even if the County amends the zoning maps to include the property
within the destination resort overlay, a resort will still not be an "allowed" or
"outright permitted" use on the property. Rather, the resort would be a
conditional use on F -2 land.
Staff believes that the Board's analysis of the TPR controls this proposal because the uses
allowed in the F -2 Zone are identical to those allowed in the F -1 Zone. Consequently,
Applicant's proposal does not "significantly affect" a transportation facility.
2. Division 15, State -Wide Planning Goals and Guidelines
ZC -08 -7
15
a. OAR 660 -015 -000, State -Wide Planning Goals and Guidelines No.
1 Through No. 14
b. OAR 660 - 015 -005, State -Wide Planning Goal and Guideline No. 15
c. OAR 660 - 015 -010, State -Wide Planning Goals and Guidelines No.
16 Through 19
FINDINGS: As discussed above, Staff does not believe that the Statewide Planning Goals apply
to the County's review of this application. In the Pine Forest Decision, the Hearings Officer
concluded that "in previous zone change decisions the Hearings Officer has not addressed the
statewide goals and guidelines because they are implemented through the county's
acknowledged comprehensive plan, and the proposed zone change must be found to be
consistent with the plan.' Therefore, I find the goals and guidelines do not apply to this zone
change application."
IV. RECOMMENDATION:
Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, the Staff recommends
approval of the applicant's proposed zone change from F -1 to F -2 for the subject
property.
1 E.g., Hap Taylor (ZC- 04 -5); Yurdin (ZC- 04 -1).
ZC -08 -7 16
E
Community Development Department
Planning Division Building Safety Division Environmental Health Division
March 10, 2009
117 NW Lafayette Avenue Bend Oregon 97701 -1925
(541)388 -6575 FAX (541)385 -1764
http : / /www.co.deschutes.or.us /cdd/
MEMORANDUM
To: Deschutes Board of County Commissioners
From: Will Groves, Senior Planner
Subject: A de novo hearing on the Vandervert Road, LLC's proposed zone change
from Forest Use (F -1) to Forest Use (F -2) for an approximately 98 -acre
parcel located west of Highway 97 and south of Sunriver.
BACKGROUND
The applicant requests approval of a zone change from F -1 to F -2 for the subject property.
Although the applicant did not file a development application in conjunction with this
application, the intent of the proposed zone change is to expand the uses permitted on the
subject property to include potential mapping and development of a destination resort, a use
not permitted in the F -1 Zone.
The Hearings Officer found the application met all relevant criteria and approved the
applicant's proposed zone change from F -1 to F -2 for the subject property, in a decision
dated February 25, 2006.
Under 22.28.030(C) zone changes concerning lands designated for forest use shall be
heard de novo before the Board of County Commissioners without the necessity of filing an
appeal, regardless of the determination of the Hearings Officer.
The county accepted the application as complete on December 22, 2008. The 150 -day clock
will expire on May 21, 2009.
STAFF DISCUSSION
Quality Services Performed with Pride
Staff concurs with the Hearings Officer decision. As of the writing of this memo, there is
no public or agency opposition to this proposal.
Staff notes that this application is nearly identical in findings to two previous zone
change approvals issued by the Board. Each of these properties, including the subject
property, was conveyed by the Forest Service into private ownership. In each case, the
private owner has requested a zone change from Forest Use (F -1) to Forest Use (F -2).
ZC -06 -3 concerned property immediately north of the subject property. ZC -08 -4
concerned property east of the subject property.
DOCUMENTATION
A copy of the staff report and Hearings Officer decision are attached for your review.
SCHEDULE
This item is scheduled for a de novo hearing at 10 A.M. on March 30, 2009. Please feel
free to contact me with any questions or concerns.
PRELIMINARY STATEMENT FOR A
QUASI - JUDICIAL PUBLIC HEARING BEFORE
THE DESCHUTES COUNTY BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
I. INTRODUCTION
A. This is a quasi - judicial hearing on an appeal of the hearing officer's approval of a
proposed zone change from Forest Use (F -1) to Forest Use (F -2). The County File
Number is ZC -08 -7
B. In those applications, the applicant requested The applicant requests approval of a
zone change from F -1 to F -2 for the subject property.
C. The Board takes notice of the record below and includes that record as part of
the record before us.
II. BURDEN OF PROOF AND APPLICABLE CRITERIA
A. The applicants have the burden of proving that they are entitled to the proposal
sought.
B. The standards applicable to the application before us are listed in the Hearings
Officer decision. Copies are available on the table near the door.
C. Testimony and evidence at this hearing must be directed toward the criteria, as
well as toward any other criteria in the comprehensive land use plan of the County
or land use regulations which any person believes apply to this decision.
D. Failure on the part of any person to raise an issue with sufficient specificity to
afford the Board of County Commissioners and parties to this proceeding an
opportunity to respond to the issue precludes appeal to the Land Use Board of
Appeals on that issue. Additionally, failure of the applicant to raise constitutional or
other issues relating to the approval with sufficient specificity to allow the Board to
respond to the issue precludes an action for damages in circuit court.
1
III. HEARINGS PROCEDURE
A. Evidence to be reviewed by the Board.
The Board's decision on this application will be based upon the record before the
Hearings Officer, the Hearings Officer's decision, the Staff Report and the
testimony and evidence presented at this hearing.
IV. ORDER OF PRESENTATION
A. The hearing will be conducted in the following order.
1. The staff will give a report.
2. The applicant will then have an opportunity to offer testimony and evidence.
3. Proponents of the proposal then the opponents will then be given a chance
to testify and present evidence.
4. The applicants will then be allowed to present rebuttal testimony but may
not present new evidence.
5. At the Board's discretion, if the applicants presented new evidence on
rebuttal, opponents may be recognized for a rebuttal presentation.
6. At the conclusion of this hearing, the staff will be afforded an opportunity to
make any closing comments.
7. The Board may limit the time period for presentations.
B. If anyone wishes to ask a question of a witness, the person may direct the
question to the Chair during that person's testimony, or, if the person has already
testified, after all other witnesses have testified but before the Applicant's rebuttal.
The Chair is free to decide whether or not to ask such questions of the witness.
C. Continuances
1. The grant of a continuance or record extension shall be at the discretion of
the Board.
2. If the Board grants a continuance, it shall continue the public hearing to a
date certain.
3. If, at the conclusion of the hearing, the Board leaves the record open for
additional written evidence or testimony, the record shall be left open to a
2
date certain for submittal of new written evidence or testimony and at least
seven additional days for response to the evidence received while the
record was held open. Written evidence or testimony submitted during the
period the record is held open shall be limited to evidence or testimony that
rebuts previously submitted evidence or testimony.
4. If the hearing is continued or the record left open, the applicant shall also be
allowed a period to a date certain after the record is closed to all other
parties to submit final written arguments but no new evidence in support of
the application.
V. PRE - HEARING CONTACTS, BIASES, CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS
A. Do any of the Commissioners have any ex -parte contacts, prior hearing
observations; biases; or conflicts of interest to declare? If so, please state their
nature and extent.
B. Does any party wish to challenge any Commissioner based on ex -parte contacts,
biases or conflicts of interest?
(Hearing no challenges, I shall proceed.)
(Staff Report)
3
DECISION OF DESCHUTES COUNTY HEARINGS OFFICER
FILE NUMBER:
APPLICANT/
PROPERTY OWNER:
APPLICANT' S
ATTORNEY:
REQUEST:
STAFF REVIEWER:
HEARING DATE/
RECORD CLOSED:
ZC -08 -7
Vandervert Road, LLC
18565 Soledad Canyon Road, Suite 300
Santa Clarita, California 91351
Tamara E. MacLeod
Karnopp Petersen, LLP
1201 N.W. Wall Street, Suite 300
Bend, Oregon 97701
The applicant requests approval of a zone change from F -1 to F -2
for an approximately 98.68 -acre parcel located west of Highway
97 and south of Sunriver.
Will Groves, Senior Planner
January 27, 2009
I. APPLICABLE STANDARDS AND CRITERIA:
A. Title 18 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Zoning Ordinance
1. Chapter 18.136, Amendments
B.
C.
* Section 18.136.010, Amendments
* Section 18.136.020, Rezoning Standards
Title 23 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Comprehensive Plan
1. Chapter 23.92, Forest Lands
* Section 23.92.020, Goal
* Section 23.92.030, Policies
Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR) Chapter 660
1. OAR 660 -012 -0060, Plan and Land Use Regulation Amendments
2. OAR 660 - 015 -0000, Statewide Planning Goals
Vandervert Road, LLC
ZC -08 -7
Page 1 of 19
II. FINDINGS OF FACT:
A. Location: The subject property is located approximately 18 miles southwest of Bend and
4 miles southwest of Sunriver. It abuts Vandervert Road on the north, South Century
Drive on the west, a portion of Blue Eagle Road at the subject property's northeast
corner, and privately -owned land to the south. The subject property is further identified
as Tax Lot 105 on Deschutes County Assessor's Maps 20 -11 -00 and 20- 11 -20.
B. Zoning and Plan Designation: The subject property is zoned F -1, Forest Use and
designated Forest on the Deschutes County Comprehensive Plan map. The property also
has two overlay zones: (1) Landscape Management Combining (LM) Zones on the
eastern portion of the property due to its proximity to Highway 97 and in the property's
southwest corner due to its proximity to the Little Deschutes River; and (2) Wildlife Area
Combining (WA) Zone over the entire property protecting deer wintering and/or
migration areas.
C. Site Description: The subject property is approximately 98.68 acres in size,l irregular in
shape, undeveloped, and vegetated with ponderosa and lodgepole pine trees and native
brush and grasses. The property is known as Parcel B of Tract C, a 950 -acre parcel
identified by the USFS in 2000 for conveyance into private ownership. The applicant
purchased the subject property on February 20, 2008. The subject property is separated
from other USFS lands in the Deschutes National Forest by other privately -owned land,
including Parcels A and C of Tract C, as well as the BNSF railroad tracks, Highway 97,
and destination resort and other residential developments.
D. Surrounding Zoning and Land Uses: Land to the north across Vandervert Road
consists of Parcel A of Tract C of the former USFS land, a 110 -acre parcel. On May 30,
2007 this Hearings Officer issued a decision approving a zone change from F -1 to F -2 for
Parcel A of Tract C (Pine Forest, ZC- 06 -3). The Deschutes County Board of
Commissioners (board) approved this zone change on September 5, 2007 by Ordinance
No. 2007 -022.2 Adjacent to Parcel A on the west is the Caldera Springs destination resort
on land zoned F -2.
Land further to the north of the subject property consists of the Sunriver Business Park
developed with 120 individually -owned commercial uses and the urban unincorporated
community of Sunriver which includes commercial shopping centers, a resort, golf
courses and other recreational amenities, convention facilities, an airport and marina,
single - family homes, and vacation rental properties. Land to the south is zoned Rural
Residential (RR -10) and developed with residential subdivisions. Land further to the
south is zoned F -2 and is owned and managed by the USFS.
1 The record indicates the USFS described the subject property, Parcel B of Tract C, as having 104 acres.
2 A copy of the Hearings Officer's decision and Ordinance No. 2007 -022 are included in the record as
Exhibit L to the applicant's burden of proof.
Vandervert Road, LLC
ZC -08 -7
Page 2 of 19
Land to the east along Blue Eagle Road is zoned RR -10 and consists of approximately
200 acres developed with rural residential subdivisions including Pine River Estates with
32 lots and Vandervert Acres with 30 lots. Further to the east of Blue Eagle Road is land
consisting of Parcel C of Tract C. On November 25, 2008 this Hearings Officer issued a
decision approving a zone change from F -1 to F -2 for this parcel (Belveron, ZC- 08 -4). As
of the date the record in this matter closed approval of this zone change was pending
before the board. Further to the east of Parcel C are the Burlington Northern-Santa Fe
(BNSF) railroad right -of -way and tracks, Highway 97, large tracts of USFS land zoned F-
1, and a strip of land owned and managed by Gas Transmission Northwest Corporation
and developed with an interstate underground natural gas transmission line, compressor
building, control building and garage.
Land to the west across South Century Drive is land zoned F -2 and developed with
Vandervert Ranch Phase 1, a rural residential subdivision. Further to the west is the Little
Deschutes River. Further to the west and northwest is the Crosswater destination resort.
E. Procedural History: The USFS conveyed the subject property to the applicant by a
quitclaim deed dated February 20, 2008, pursuant to the Bend Pine Nursery Land
Conveyance Act of 2000 (Public Law 106 -526, November 22, 2000). The applicant
submitted the subject zone change application on November 21, 2008. The application
was deemed complete on December 22, 2008. Therefore, the 150 -day period for issuance
of a final local land use decision under ORS 215.427 expires on May 21, 2009. A public
hearing on the application was held on January 27, 2009. At the hearing, the Hearings
Officer received testimony and evidence and closed the evidentiary record. The applicant
waived the filing of final argument pursuant to ORS 197.763 and the record closed on
January 27, 2009. As of the date of this decision there remain 87 days in the 150 -day
period.
F. Proposal: The applicant requests approval of a zone change from F -1 to F -2 for the
subject property. The applicant did not file a development application in conjunction with
this application. However, the apparent intent of the proposed zone change is to expand
the uses permitted on the subject property to include potential mapping and development
of a destination resort, a use not permitted in the F -1 Zone.
G. Public /Private Agency Comments: The Planning Division sent notice of the applicant's
proposal to a number of public and private agencies and received responses from: the
Deschutes County Road Department, Property Address Coordinator, and Senior
Transportation Planner; the La Pine Fire Department; and the USFS. These comments are
included in the record and are incorporated herein by reference. The following agencies
did not respond to the request for comments: the Deschutes County Forester; the Oregon
Department of Transportation; the Oregon Division of State Lands; and the Oregon
Department of Water Resources, Watermaster- District 11.
H. Public Notice and Comments: The Planning Division mailed individual written notice
of the applicant's proposal and the public hearing to the owners of record of all property
Vandervert Road, LLC
ZC -08 -7
Page 3of19
located within 750 feet of the subject property. In addition, notice of the public hearing
was published in the Bend "Bulletin" newspaper, and the subject property was posted
with a notice of proposed land use action sign. As of the date the record in this matter
closed, the county had received no letters from the public in response to these notices. No
members of the public testified at the public hearing.
Lot of Record: In this Hearings Officer's decision in Belveron, I found there is nothing
in the Deschutes County Code that establishes as a prerequisite for rezoning that the
subject property is a lot of record as defined in Section 18.04.030. I adhere to that holding
here, and find the subject property's lot -of- record status is not relevant to this
application.3
III. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW:
A. Historical Background:
FINDINGS: As discussed above, in 2000 the U.S. Congress enacted the 2000 Bend Pine
Nursery Land Conveyance Act which authorized the Deschutes National Forest to exchange or
transfer into private ownership lands identified as no longer suitable for USFS management. This
act identified seven parcels for potential transfer to private ownership, including a 950 -acre
parcel of USFS land called the "Tract C Land Conveyance." That tract included three separately -
described parcels: Parcel A, Parcel B — the subject property -- and Parcel C. The Deschutes
National Forest Bend -Fort Rock Ranger District conducted an environmental assessment of
Tract C. Based on that assessment, USFS Regional Forester Linda Goodman issued a "Decision
Notice and Finding of No Significant Impact" (hereafter "decision ") authorizing Tract C to be
transferred from the USFS into private ownership. As discussed above, the applicant purchased
Parcel C from the USFS. Copies of the environmental assessment and decision for Tract C are
included in this record as attachments to the applicant's burden of proof. The decision states in
pertinent part:
"The primary purpose for conveying lands out of federal ownership is to dispose
of these isolated tracts of National Forest System Lands that have lost their
National Forest character and are difficult to manage. Sale of the lands would
have a second purpose, which is to use the proceeds to help fund new Forest
Service administrative facilities, as provided in the 2000 Bend Pine Nursery Land
Conveyance Act (Public Law 106 -526). Exchange of the lands would have a third
purpose, which is to acquire private lands that would contribute significant
resource values to the National Forest System, or otherwise be in the public
interest to acquire."
The decision identifies the alternatives to conveyance of Tract C considered by Ms. Goodman,
3 In Belveron, the Hearings Officer went on to find that the property was lawfully created at the time it
was conveyed from the USFS to the applicant, but that it did not constitute a legal lot of record because it
was not created by any of the methods listed in the lot -of- record definition in Section 18.04.030.
Vandervert Road, LLC
ZC -08 -7
Page 4of19
and includes the following findings in support of her decision that Tract C should be transferred
into private ownership:
"I have concluded that the conveyance of these federal lands is in the public
interest, and that conveyance of the parcels outweighs benefits of keeping them in
federal ownership. The parcels are isolated National Forest properties, nearly
surrounded by private land. It is difficult and not cost effective to manage these
lands as part of the National Forest System given their rural residential setting,
configuration, size, and existing or increasing encroachments and unauthorized
uses. These parcels are identified as being available for disposal under the Bend
Pine Nursery Land Conveyance Act signed into law November 22, 2000. This
decision implements the Act, allowing lands to be used for purposes potentially
better suited to the location.
The properties have lost their character and are no longer representative of a
National Forest, even though people in the local neighborhood may feel that they
still have local character as wooded or forested areas. The trees provide pleasant
aesthetics to the local residents, but the area can no longer be effectively
managed for broader National Forest goals. The properties have become heavily
influenced by their rural residential setting. Unauthorized uses, including
dumping of garbage, creation of new roads and trails, and illegal firewood and
tree removal, have all contributed to the loss of National Forest character. It may
not be apparent to the casual visitor that these are National Forest lands.
Future land uses will be under the jurisdiction of county and state regulations and
zoning requirements, and I am confident that future approved uses would be
balanced and responsive to local community needs, protect local resources and
scenic values, and incorporate site specific concerns of nearby residents and the
local public. Social issues such as school needs, transportation, and water and
sewer services, would be considered and addressed in the land use application
process for any developments proposed in the future. I believe that under private
ownership, the properties would be utilized in a way that is more responsive to
the needs and economy of the local area."
B. Title 18 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Zoning Ordinance
ZONE CHANGE APPROVAL CRITERIA
1. Chapter 18.136, Amendments
a. Section 18.136.010, Amendments
DCC Title 18 may be amended as set forth in DCC 18.136. The
procedures for text or legislative map changes shall be as set forth in
DCC 22.12. A request by a property owner for a quasi - judicial map
amendment shall be accomplished by filing an application on forms
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provided by the Planning Department and shall be subject to
applicable procedures of DCC Title 22.
FINDINGS: The applicant has requested approval of a zone change from F -1 to F -2 for the
subject property. The record includes a zone change application filed by the applicant /property
owner on a county form and accompanied by the required application fee. This zone change
application is being processed pursuant to Title 22 of the Deschutes County Code.
b. Section 18.136.020, Rezoning Standards
The applicant for a quasi - judicial rezoning must establish that the
public interest is best served by rezoning the property. Factors to be
demonstrated by the applicant are:
FINDINGS: In this Hearings Officer's decisions in Pine Forest (ZC -06 -3) and Belveron (ZC-
08-4) approving zone changes from F -1 to F -2 for Parcels A and C of Tract C, I made the
following relevant findings:
"This sentence is introductory in nature and is modified by the second sentence
which identifies the applicable zone change approval criteria as those factors to
be demonstrated' by the applicant in Paragraphs (A) through (D) of this section.
In other words, the applicant must demonstrate the proposed zone change will
best serve the public interest by demonstrating compliance with these four
factors."
I adhere to that holding here and discuss the four factors in the findings below.
A. That the change conforms with the Comprehensive Plan, and
the change is consistent with the plan's introductory statement
and goals.
FINDINGS: The Hearings Officer finds this factor contains two requirements: (1) the zone
change conforms to the Comprehensive Plan and (2) it is consistent with the plan's introductory
statement and the plan's goals. Each of these is discussed below.
1. Conformance with Comprehensive Plan. The comprehensive plan designation of the subject
property is Forest. Property designated for forest uses can be zoned either F -1 or F -2, depending
on the degree to which the land is "impacted" as discussed in the findings below. Therefore, the
Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposal to rezone the subject property to F -2 conforms
with the property's plan designation.
2. Consistency with the Plan's Introductory Statement and Goals. In this Hearings Officer's Pine
Forest and Belveron decisions I made the following relevant findings, adopted by the Deschutes
County Board of Commissioners (board) in their decision approving the Pine Forest zone
change:
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"Comprehensive plan statements, goals and policies typically are not intended to,
and do not, constitute mandatory approval criteria for quasi-judicial land use
permit applications. Save Our Skyline v. City of Bend, 48 Or LUBA 192 (2004).
There, LUBA held:
`As intervenor correctly points out, local and statutory
requirements that land use decisions be consistent with the
comprehensive plan do not mean that all parts of the
comprehensive plan necessarily are approval standards. [Citations
omitted.] Local governments and this Board have frequently
considered the text and context of cited parts of the comprehensive
plan and concluded that the alleged comprehensive plan standard
was not an applicable approval standard. [Citations omitted.]
Even if the comprehensive plan includes provisions that can
operate as approval standards, those standards are not necessarily
relevant to all quasi-judicial land use permit applications.
[Citation omitted.] Moreover, even if a plan provision is a relevant
standard that must be considered, the plan provision might not
constitute a separate mandatory approval criterion, in the sense
that it must be separately satisfied, along with any other
mandatory approval criteria, before the application can be
approved. Instead, that plan provision, even if it constitutes a
relevant standard, may represent a required consideration that
must be balanced with other relevant considerations. [Citations
omitted.]'
LUBA went on to hold in Save Our Skyline that it is appropriate to `consider first
whether the comprehensive plan itself expressly assigns a particular role to some
or all of the plan's goals and policies.' Section 23.08.020 of the county's
comprehensive plan provides as follows:
The purpose of the Comprehensive Plan for Deschutes County is not to provide
a site - specific identification of the appropriate land uses which may take place
on a particular piece of land but rather it is to consider the significant factors
which affect or are affected by development in the County and provide a
general guide to the various decisions which must be made to promote the
greatest efficiency and equity possible, while managing the continuing growth
and change of the area. Part of that process is identification of an appropriate
land use plan, which is then interpreted to make decisions about specific sites
(most often in Zoning and subdivision administration) but the plan must also
consider the sociological, economic and environmental consequences of various
actions and provide guidelines and policies for activities which may have effects
beyond physical changes of the land. (Emphasis added.)
The Hearings Officer finds the above - underscored language strongly suggests the
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county's plan statements, goals and policies are not intended to establish
approval standards for quasi-judicial land use permit applications.
In Bothman v. City of Eugene, 51 Or LUBA 426 (2006), LUBA found it
appropriate also to review the language of specific plan policies to determine
whether and to what extent they may in fact establish decisional standards. The
policies at issue in that case included those ranging from aspirational statements
to planning directives to the city to policies with language providing `guidance
for decision - making' with respect to specific rezoning proposals. In Bothman
LUBA concluded the planning commission erred in not considering in a zone
change proceeding a plan policy requiring the city to `[r]ecognize the existing
general office and commercial uses located * * * [in the geographic area
including the subject property] and discourage future rezonings of these
properties. ' LUBA held that:
* * even where a plan provision might not constitute an
independently applicable mandatory approval criterion, it may
nonetheless represent a relevant and necessary consideration that
must be reviewed and balanced with other relevant considerations,
pursuant to ordinance provisions that require * * * consistency
with applicable plan provisions. '(Emphasis added.)
The county's comprehensive plan includes a large number of goals and policies.
The applicant's burden of proof addresses goals for rural development, economy,
transportation, public facilities, recreation, energy, natural hazards, destination
resorts, open spaces, fish and wildlife, and forest lands. The Hearings Officer
finds these goals are aspirational in nature and therefore are not intended to
create decision standards for the proposed zone change. "
The Hearings Officer adheres to these findings here, and again finds the above - referenced
introductory statements and goals are not approval criteria in this zone change application.
However, plan provisions may require consideration by the decision maker even if they are not
applicable approval criteria. Save Our Skyline v. City of Bend, 48 Or LUBA 192, 209 (2004).
In this Hearings Officer's Pine Forest and Belveron decisions I also made the following relevant
findings, adopted by the board in its Pine Forest decision:
"The Deschutes County Planning Commission and Board of County
Commissioners (board) undertook a county -wide legislative process [1992 or
earlier] to identify and zone all public forest land F -1, and to zone all private
forest lands as either F -1 or F -2 based on whether such lands were `unimpacted'
or `impacted' considering certain characteristics set forth in the plan policies.
The findings in support of Ordinance 92 -024 and Ordinance 92 -026, which
amended the zoning ordinance and map to conform with the new forest land plan
policies, state that in rezoning all private forest lands the board did not give
additional consideration to soil capability, and conducted site - specific
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evaluations of 26 individual forest tracts identified by staff and /or the property
owners as requiring individual consideration because they had characteristics of
both `unimpacted' and `impacted' forest land. Of these 26 tracts, 14 were zoned
F -1 and 12 were zoned F-2."
Copies of Ordinance Nos. 92 -024 and 92 -026 are included in this record as Exhibits H and I to
the applicant's burden of proof.
Chapter 23 of the Deschutes County Code codifies the county's comprehensive plan. Section
23.92.030 sets forth the forest land policies adopted in 1992. In this Hearings Officer's Pine
Forest and Belveron decisions I found the policies in Section 23.92.030 are to be taken into
"consideration" in a quasi-judicial zone change, but are not mandatory approval criteria such that
each policy must be met before a zone change may be approved. The board adopted these
findings in its decision approving the Pine Forest zone change. These plan policies are discussed
in the findings below.
1. Section 23.92.020, Goal
Because of the local importance of forest lands the
following goal has been set: To conserve forest lands for
forest uses.
FINDINGS: The goal of the F -2 Zone is to conserve forest lands for forest uses. The applicant's
proposed F -2 zoning is consistent with this goal.
2. Section 23.92.030, Policies
1. Deschutes County shall designate forest lands on
the comprehensive plan map consistent with
Goal 4 and OAR 660, Division 6.
2. Deschutes County shall zone forest lands for uses
allowed pursuant to OAR 660, Division 6. In
addition to forest practices and operations and
uses auxiliary to forest practices, as set forth in
ORS 527.722, Deschutes County shall allow in
the forest environment the following general
types of uses: * * *
3. In order to conserve and maintain the
unimpacted forest land base for forest use the
County shall identify and zone as F -1 those lands
which have the following characteristics: * * *.
4. In order to conserve and maintain impacted
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forest lands for forest use the County shall
identify and zone as F -2 those lands which have
the following characteristics: * * *.
FINDINGS: In this Hearings Officer's Pine Forest and Belveron decisions I found Policies 1
through 4 direct the county to make forest land zone change decisions based on a consideration
of the "unimpacted" and "impacted" forest land characteristics listed in Policies 3 and 4. The
board concurred with my findings and in its decision approving the Pine Forest zone change
found that all factors are to be considered and weighed when deciding whether to apply F -1 or F-
2 zoning. The following findings address and compare each policy relative to the two zoning
districts.
Policy 3 Policy 4
a. Consist predominantly of ownerships a. Consist predominantly of ownerships
not developed by residences or non- developed for residential or other non - forest
forest uses. uses.
FINDINGS: The subject property is undeveloped but is located in an area that is dominated by
rural residential and resort development. The property is not suited to commercial forest use for
the reasons explained by the USFS in the environmental assessment, set forth in the findings
above. In addition, these policies refer to "ownerships." The area adjacent to and near the
subject property is developed with residences in a rural residential exception area. These
developments, along with public roadways and the BNSF railroad line, separate the subject
property from undeveloped forest lands. Therefore, the Hearings Officer finds this
characteristic weighs in favor of F -2 zoning for the subject property.
b. Consist predominantly of contiguous b. Consist predominantly of ownerships less
ownerships of 160 acres or larger in size. than 160 acres in size.
FINDINGS: The subject property consists of approximately 98.68 acres of land in a contiguous
single ownership. This policy also is written in terms of "ownerships." The properties that
adjoin the western, eastern and southern boundaries of the subject property are all less than 160
acres in size and primarily for that reason were included in a rural residential exceptions area.
Parcels A and C of Tract C, located to the north and east of the subject property, respectively,
are zoned F -2. In addition, lands further to the north and northwest are zoned F -2, some of
which are developed as destination resorts with small lots. Only a small part of the subject
property adjoins other forest -zoned land. For these reasons, the Hearings Officer finds this
characteristic weighs in favor of F -2 zoning for the subject property.
c. Consist predominantly of ownerships c. Consist of ownerships generally contiguous
contiguous to other lands utilized for to tracts containing less than 160 acres and
commercial forest or commercial farm residences, or adjacent to acknowledged
uses. exception areas.
FINDINGS: The uses surrounding the subject property are discussed in detail in the findings
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above. The subject property abuts an acknowledged rural residential exceptions area to the
south and east that is developed with three rural residential subdivisions with hundreds of lots.
No part of the subject property abuts USFS forest land. The property abuts Vandervert Road on
the north and South Century Drive on the west. Consequently, the majority of the subject
property abuts either rural residential uses in an acknowledged exceptions area or roads used to
provide access to thee rural residential properties, rather than land contiguous to lands utilized
for commercial farm or forest uses. Therefore, the Hearings Officer finds this characteristic
weighs in favor of F -2 zoning of the subject property.
d. Accessed by arterial roads or roads d. Provided with a level of public facilities and
intended primarily for forest services, including roads, intended primarily
management. for direct services to rural residences.
FINDINGS: The subject property is accessed by two rural collector roads (Vandervert Road
and South Century Drive) and one rural local road (Blue Eagle Road), all of which are used
primarily for access to rural residential subdivisions, forest recreational uses, and resort
developments. Consequently, the Hearings Officer finds access to the subject property is via
roads characteristic of F -2 zoned land.
The Hearings Officer also finds the level of other public facilities and services on surrounding
properties is characteristic of F -2 zoned land because they have been designed and developed to
serve the nearby rural residential subdivisions and destination resorts. These include
underground telephone lines along the south side of Vandervert Road and along Blue Eagle
Road, and an overhead power line running north -south along the western portion of the adjacent
Parcel C of Tract C. For these reasons, I find this characteristic favors F -2 zoning of the subject
property.
e. Primarily under forest management.
FINDINGS: This is a characteristic of F -1 zoned lands only. The owner of the subject property
are not managing it for forest production. In this Hearings Officer's Pine Forest and Belveron
decisions I found that forest management "means the property is managed principally for one or
more of the forest operations, practices and uses described in Title 18." The board adopted these
findings in its Pine Forest decision, and set froth the relevant definitions at page 14 of that
decision. The USFS invitation for bids and environmental assessment for the subject property
state the subject property was identified for transfer into private ownership because it no longer
is suitable for forest management. The invitation for bids states "[c]onveyance out of federal
ownership would consolidate land ownership patterns in the area and eliminate approximately
945 acres of National Forest lands that are separated and isolated from larger blocks of national
Forest lands and difficult to manage for National Forest purposes." In addition, the
environmental assessment concludes the subject property is not suitable for forest management
for the same reasons. In my Pine Forest and Belveron decisions I found that in 1992 the county
zoned all federal forest lands F -1 without any analysis of the characteristics set forth in the
comprehensive plan. For these reasons, I find this characteristic weighs in favor of F -2 zoning
for the subject property.
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In this Hearings Officer's Pine Forest and Belveron decisions I found that not all of the
characteristics of either unimpacted (F -1) or impacted (F -2) forest lands must be satisfied in
order to re -zone property from F -1 to F -2. The board adopted these findings in its decision
approving the Pine Forest zone change. Because the subject property was transferred into
private ownership by the USFS because it is no longer suitable for commercial forestry, and
because the characteristics described in Policies 3 and 4 weigh in favor of F -2 zoning, I find
rezoning the subject property to F -2 is appropriate and consistent with relevant comprehensive
plan policies.
5. Except as identified in this plan non - forest uses shall be
discouraged in existing forested areas.
FINDINGS: The applicant is requesting a zone change from F -1 to F -2 to allow uses on the
subject property that are permitted in the F -2 Zone, potentially including mapping for and
development of a destination resort. The county's zoning ordinance has been acknowledged and
implements the comprehensive plan including this plan policy. Therefore, the Hearings Officer
finds the applicant's proposal is consistent with this plan policy.
B. That the change in classification for the subject property is
consistent with the purpose and intent of the proposed zone
change classification.
FINDINGS: The purpose statements of the F -1 and F -2 zones are the same — i.e., "to conserve
forest lands." Therefore, the Hearings Officer finds that either F -1 or F -2 zoning of the subject
property would be consistent with the purpose and intent of the proposed zone. Moreover, the
uses permitted in the F -1 and F -2 zones are identical with the exception of the potential for F -2
zoned property to be mapped for and developed with a destination resort.
However, in its Pine Forest decision the board found it is not appropriate to consider potential
destination resort development under this approval criterion because such development would
require both a lengthy and complex legislative process to map the subject property for such
development, and an equally complex, multi -step quasi-judicial process to obtain conceptual and
final destination resort master plan approval. The board relied on the decision of the Land Use
Board of Appeals (LUBA) in Mason v. City of Corvallis, 49 Or LUBA 199 (2005). In that case,
LUBA held that in reviewing a proposed zone change under the city's land use regulations, the
city did not err in declining to assume the parcel would be developed with the most intensive
uses in part because the applicant did not propose such uses, but also in part because of the use
limitations and review standards applicable to development of uses in that zone. In addition, the
board found in its Pine Forest decision that because the county's zoning ordinance has been
acknowledged as consistent with the Goal 4 and its administrative rules, including authorizing
destination resorts and other non - forest uses as conditional uses in the F -2 Zone, destination
resort use is not inconsistent with the goal of the F -2 Zone. The Hearings Officer adhered to the
board's Pine Forest findings in my Belveron decision and I do so again here. I find the
applicant's proposed zone change from F -1 to F -2 will not have any effect on the conservation of
forest lands.
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C. That changing the zoning will presently serve the public
health, safety and welfare considering the following factors:
FINDINGS: In the Hearings Officer's Pine Forest and Belveron decisions I found this sentence
is introductory in nature and is modified by the phrase "considering the following factors " - i.e.,
the specific approval criteria in Paragraphs (1) and (2) of this section. In other words, I found the
applicant must demonstrate the proposed zone change will best serve the public interest by
demonstrating compliance with these two factors. The board adopted this finding in its decision
approving the Pine Forest zone change. Therefore, I adhere to that finding here.
1. The availability and efficiency of providing necessary
public services and facilities.
FINDINGS: This criterion requires consideration of necessary public services and facilities to
develop the property as would be allowed under the proposed zoning classification. The public
services and facilities required to develop the property are dependent upon which uses are
allowed on the property. As discussed above, the uses permitted in the F -1 and F -2 Zones are
identical except for the potential for mapping and development with a destination resort in the F-
2 Zone. However, as discussed in the findings above, the Hearings Officer has found it is not
appropriate for me to assume the subject property would be developed with a destination resort if
it were rezoned to F -2. Accordingly, I find approval of the requested zone change will not impact
the availability and efficiency of providing necessary public services and facilities to the subject
property. In addition, as discussed in the findings above, the subject property already has a level
of public services and facilities characteristic of impacted F -2 zone land.
2. The impacts on the surrounding land use will be
consistent with the specific goals and policies contained
within the Comprehensive Plan.
FINDINGS: The relevant plan goals and policies are addressed in the findings above. The
Hearings Officer finds the proposed zone change will not have any adverse impact on
surrounding properties because approval of the proposal will not change the uses allowed on the
subject property.
D. That there has been a change in circumstances since the
property was last zoned, or a mistake was made in the zoning
of the property in question.
FINDINGS:
1. Mistake. The applicant argues the subject property's F -1 zoning was a mistake because the
USFS's findings justifying transferring Tract C into private ownership shows the property is not
suitable for forestry. The Hearings Officer disagrees. As discussed in the findings above, the
record indicates the county originally zoned all USFS land F -1 without considering soils or
capabilities of individual tracts. I find this zoning decision was not a mistake based on the
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information available to the county when the subject property was zoned F -1.
2. Change of Circumstances. The USFS environmental assessment for Tract C and the subject
property — Parcel B -- discussed in the findings above, sets forth the changes in circumstances
affecting the subject property that resulted in the subject property's loss of National Forest
character and difficulties in effectively managing the property as National Forest land. In this
Hearings Officer's Pine Forest and Belveron decisions, I made the following relevant findings:
"Many of the rural residential subdivisions located south of Sunriver and west of
Highway 97 were already platted at the time the county adopted its first zoning
ordinance and map. However, there is no question these subdivisions have
achieved their current density since the early 1970's. The same is true of the
Sunriver community which was developed in the late 1960's but reached buildout
only in the last decade. In addition, the Crosswater and Caldera Springs
destination resorts and the Vandervert Ranch development were approved long
after the subject property was zoned F -1. The result of all of these developments
clearly can be seen in the aerial photograph that forms the basis of the diagram
included in the record as Appendix 1 to the applicant's burden of proof and as
Hearing Exhibit B — i.e., extensive residential and resort development, much of it
at urban and suburban density, and located on three sides of the subject property.
This surrounding development is largely what prompted the USFS to identify the
subject property for transfer to private ownership. The `Tract C Land
Conveyance ' decision included in the record sets forth the following reasons for
the transfer of the subject property and Parcels B and C:
a. It is difficult and not cost effective to manage these lands as part of the
National Forest System given their rural residential setting, configuration,
size, and existing or increasing encroachments and unauthorized uses.
b. The properties have lost their character and are no longer representative
of a National Forest, even though people in the local neighborhood may
feel that they still have local character as wooded or forested areas.
c. The trees on the property provide pleasant aesthetics to the local
residents, but the area can no longer be effectively managed for broader
National Forest goals.
d. The properties have become heavily influenced by their rural residential
setting. Unauthorized uses, including dumping of garbage, creation of new
roads and trails, and illegal firewood and tree removal, have all
contributed to the loss of National Forest character. It may not be
apparent to the casual visitor that these are National Forest lands.
As discussed extensively in the findings above, [In ZC- 06 -3], the Hearings Officer
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has found these factors render the subject property `impacted' forest land suitable
for F -2 zoning. I find these same factors constitute changes in circumstance
sufficient to justify the proposed zone change from F -1 to F -2, therefore satisfying
this approval criterion."
The board adopted these findings in its decision approving the Pine Forest zone change. As
discussed in the findings above, the subject property is part of the "Tract C Land Conveyance"
and has many of the same characteristics as the Pine Forest and Belveron properties. In fact, it
appears that due to its location the subject property is more impacted than either Parcel A or
Parcel C of Tract C. That is because the subject property abuts rural residential subdivisions on
three sides that have been developing since the 1970s and likely will continue to develop because
there are some vacant lots in these subdivisions. For these reasons, the Hearings Officer finds the
cumulative impacts from the nearby development warrant approval of the proposed zone change
from F -1 to F -2.
For the foregoing reasons, the Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposal satisfies all
applicable zone change approval criteria.
TRANSPORTATION PLANNING RULE
B. Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR), Chapter 660, Division 12, Transportation
Planning
1. OAR 660 - 012 -0060, Plan and Land Use Regulation Amendments
(1) Where an amendment to a functional plan, an acknowledged
comprehensive plan, or a land use regulations would significantly
affect an existing or planned transportation facility, the local
government shall put in place measures as provided in section (2) of
this rule to assure that allowed land uses are consistent with the
identified function, capacity, and performance standards (e.g. level of
service, volume to capacity ratio, etc.) of the facility. A plan or land
use regulation amendment significantly affects a transportation
facility if it would:
(a) Change the functional classification of an existing or planned
transportation facility (exclusive of correction of map errors on
an adopted plan);
(b) Change standards implementing a functional classification
system; or
(c) As measured at the end of the planning period identified in the
adopted transportation system plan:
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(A) Allow land uses or levels of development that would
result in types or levels of travel or access that are
inconsistent with the functional classification of an
existing or planned transportation facility;
(B) Reduce the performance of an existing or planned
transportation facility below the minimum acceptable
performance standards identified in the TSP or
comprehensive plan; or
(C) Worsen the performance of an existing or planned
transportation facility that is otherwise projected to
perform below the minimum acceptable performance
standard identified in the TSP or comprehensive plan.
FINDINGS: The Hearings Officer finds the Transportation Planning Rule (TPR) applies to the
applicant's proposal because it is for an amendment to the county's zoning map. In its decision
approving the Pine Forest zone change, the board found the TPR requires the county to consider
the reasonable worst case development scenario involving an approved use under the proposed
zoning in a zone change application. The board concluded that destination resort development
was not a "reasonable" worst case scenario for the Pine Forest property for the following
reasons:
"[BJecause the zone change from F -1 to F -2 does not itself allow destination
resort development to occur, and because a future mapping amendment and
intensive conditional use review (including traffic analysis pursuant to Section
18.113.070(G)) would be required before destination resort development could
occur, destination resort development should not be considered in applying OAR
660- 012 -0060. (Emphasis Added.)
* * *
The subject property must be mapped with the destination resort overlay before
destination resort development could be proposed in the future. Mapping will
require a further amendment to the County comprehensive plan and /or land use
regulations. Even if the County amends the zoning maps to include the property
within the destination resort overlay, a resort will still not be an `allowed' or
`outright permitted' use on the property. Rather, the resort would be a conditional
use on F -2 land."
The Hearings Officer adheres to these findings here.
In his December 18, 2008 comments on the applicant's proposal, the county's senior
transportation planner Peter Russell stated he had no comments on the applicant's proposal but
recommended that the county ask ODOT for comments in light of the subject property's
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proximity to the Highway 97/Vandervert Road intersection. In his December 8, 2008 comments
on the applicant's proposal, County Engineer George Kolb stated he had reviewed the
applicant's proposal and would have no comments unless and until the filing of an application
for a particular use on the subject property
For the foregoing reasons, the Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposal is consistent with
the TPR.
STATEWIDE LAND USE PLANNING GOALS
2. OAR 660, Division 15, State -Wide Planning Goals and Guidelines
a. OAR 660 - 015 -000, State -Wide Planning Goals and Guidelines No. 1
Through No. 14
b. OAR 660 - 015 -005, State -Wide Planning Goal and Guideline No. 15
c. OAR 660- 015 -010, State -Wide Planning Goals and Guidelines No. 16
Through 19
FINDINGS: In this Hearings Officer's Pine Forest and Belveron decisions I made the following
relevant findings:
"In previous zone change decisions the Hearings Officer has not addressed the
statewide goals and guidelines because they are implemented through the
county's acknowledged comprehensive plan, and the proposed zone change must
be found to be consistent with the plan. [Footnote omitted.] Therefore, I find the
goals and guidelines do not apply to this zone change application."
The board adopted these findings in its decision approving the Pine Forest zone change, and
therefore I adhere to them in this decision. Nevertheless, because the applicant has addressed the
goals I include the following findings concerning goal compliance:
Goal 1, Citizen Involvement. The Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposed zone change
satisfies this goal because the Planning Division follows the procedures in Chapter 22 of the
Deschutes County Code in reviewing a request for a zone change. These procedures include
individually mailed notices to affected property owners, posting of the subject property with a
notice of proposed land use action sign, and published notice of the public hearing in the "Bend
Bulletin" newspaper. In addition, at least two public hearings will be held before the proposed
zone change is approved, one before the Hearings Officer and one before the board.
Goal 2, Land Use Planning. The Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposed zone change
satisfies this goal because the proposed zone change does not require a change in the plan
designation. In addition, the proposed zone change is being considered by the county using a
public review process that includes a public hearing, notice and opportunity for public review.
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Goal 3. Agricultural Lands. The Hearings Officer finds this goal is not relevant because the
subject property is not designated Agriculture on the comprehensive plan.
Goal 4. Forest Lands. As discussed above, the subject property is designated Forest on the
comprehensive plan map. The proposed zone change from F -1 to F -2 will not change that
designation, and therefore the Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposal satisfies this goal.
Goal 5, Open Spaces, Scenic and Historic Areas and Natural Resources. Although the
subject property is considered resource land because it is designated and zoned forest land, the
Hearings Officer finds this goal is not relevant to the proposed zone change because it will not
change the uses permitted under the current zoning designation and will not alter its resource
qualities and characteristics.
Goal 6, Air, Water and Land Resources Quality. The Hearings Officer finds the proposed
zone change from F -1 to F -2 satisfies this goal because it would not affect the air, water or land
resources on the subject property. As discussed in the findings above, the proposed zone change
would not affect the plan designation of the subject property, and the uses permitted on the
subject property after approval of this zone change would be identical to uses allowed in the F -1
Zone with the exception of the possibility of mapping and development of a destination resort.
Goal 7, Areas Subject to Natural Disasters and Hazards. The Hearings Officer finds this goal
is not relevant to the proposed zone change because the subject property is not located in a
known natural disaster or hazard area.
Goal 8, Recreational Needs. The subject property is not mapped for destination resort
development or other recreational uses. As discussed in the findings above, the proposed zone
change would make possible future mapping of the property for destination resort development.
For these reasons, the Hearings Officer finds the applicant's proposal satisfies this goal.
Goal 9, Economy of the State. The comprehensive plan recognizes that timber is an economic
resource in the county. Inasmuch as the proposed zone change would not change the subject
property's Forest designation, the Hearings Officer finds it is consistent with this goal.
Goal 10, Housing. The Hearings Officer finds this goal is not relevant because the subject
property is not zoned or planned for residential uses.
Goal 11, Public Facilities and Services. As discussed in the findings above, the Hearings
Officer has found the subject property is and in the future can be served by adequate public
facilities and services. Therefore, I find the proposed zone change is consistent with this goal.
Goal 12, Transportation. Compliance with this goal is addressed above under the discussion of
the TPR. As set forth in the findings above, the Hearings Officer has found the applicant's
proposal is consistent with the TPR, and therefore I find it also is consistent with this goal.
Goal 13, Energy Conservation. The Hearings Officer finds this goal is not relevant to the
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applicant's proposal because the proposed zone change would not change the subject property's
Forest designation or the uses permitted on the subject property with the exception of the
potential to be mapped for destination resort development.
Goal 14, Urbanization. The Hearings Officer finds this goal is not applicable to the applicant's
proposal because the proposed zone change does not affect property within an urban growth
boundary and does not promote the urbanization of rural land.
Goals 15 through 19. The Hearings Officer finds these goals are not applicable to the
applicant's proposal because they address river, ocean, and estuarine resources that are not
located in Deschutes County or on the subject property.
IV. DECISION:
Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, the Hearings Officer
APPROVES the applicant's proposed zone change from F -1 to F -2 for the subject property,
SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING CONDITION OF APPROVAL:
1. Prior to the public hearing before the Deschutes County Board of Commissioners on the
zone change, the applicant /owner shall submit to the Planning Division a metes -and-
bounds legal description of the property subject to the zone change.
Dated this day of February, 2008.
Mailed this day of February, 2008.
Karen H. Green, Hearings Officer
Under Section 22.28.030(A) of the county's land use procedures ordinance, because this decision
involves a proposed zone change this application also must be approved by the Board of County
Commissioners.
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