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HomeMy WebLinkAboutPublic Hearing - Peery AppealJCEsC CU A ❑ -< Deschutes County Board of Commissioners 1300 NW Wall St., Suite 200, Bend, OR 97701-1960 (541) 388-6570 - Fax (541) 385-3202 - www.deschutes.org AGENDA REQUEST & STAFF REPORT For Board Business Meeting of January 28 2008 Please see directions for completing this document on the next page. DATE: January 16, 2008 FROM: Anthony Raguine Community Development Department TITLE OF AGENDA ITEM: Public hearing of an appeal (A-07-21) of a Hearings Officer decision in county file DR -07-3. PUBLIC HEARING ON THIS DATE? Yes. 617-4739 BACKGROUND AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS: The 13.2 -acre subject property is located at 65590 Sisemore Road (16-11-20, tax lot 100) and is ovAned by Ron and Marilyn Peery. Prior to the purchase of the propety by the Peerys, the previous owners secured land use approvals (CU -02-124, MC -02-17, LM -06-13, MC -06-2) to allow the construction of a dwelling on the property. Integral to these approvals was the preservation of vegetation on-site. After purchasing the property, the Peerys removed several trees on-site in preparation for development. In response to a Code Enforcement complaint regarding removal of the trees, the Planning Division determined that a substantial violation of certain conditions of approval, related to the preservation of vegetation, occurred. Per Deschutes County Code (DCC) 18.140.080(A)(4), the Planning Division initiated revocation proceedings (DR -07-3) to revoke or modify the land use approvals detailed above. The initial public hearing was held on April 3, 2007, and subsequently continued to June 5, 2007. On November 26, 2007, the Hearings Officer issued a decision revoking all four land use approvals. The Peerys filed an appeal of the Hearings Officer decision on December 11, 2007. On January 7, 2008, the Board, per Order 2008-006, accepted de novo review of the appeal. The public hearing is scheduled for January 28, 2008. Per DCC 22.20.040(D)(2), revocation proceedings are exempt from the 150 -day time limit. FISCAL IMPLICATIONS: None RECOMMENDATION & ACTION REQUESTED: Although staff recommended revocation of the LM permit, with modification of the CU permit, staff agrees with the Hearings Officer's analysis and decision. Staff recommends revocation of all four and use approvals. ATTENDANCE: Anthony Raguine DISTRIBUTION OF DOCUMENTS: Ron and Marilyn Peery 3910 Mirror Pond Way Eugene, OR 97408 Stephanie Hicks Ball Janik LLP 15 SW Colorado, Suite 3 Bend, OR 97702 Legal Counsel Anthony Raguine Community Development Department Planning Division Building Safety Division Environmental Health Division 117 NW Lafayette Avenue Bend Oregon 97701-1925 (541)388-6575 FAX (541)385-1764 http://www.co.deschutes.or.us/cdd/ MEMORANDUM DATE: January 16, 2008 TO: Board of County Commissioners FROM: Anthony Raguine, Senior Planner RE: Public Hearing of an appeal (A-07-21) of a Hearings Officer decision revoking four land use approvals. BACKGROUND The 13.2 -acre subject property is located at 65590 Sisemore Road (16-11-20, tax lot 100) and is owned by Ron and Marilyn Peery. Prior to the purchase of the propety by the Peerys, the previous owners secured land use approvals (CU -02-124, MC -02-17, LM -06-13, MC -06-2) to allow the construction of a dwelling on the property. Integral to these approvals was the preservation of vegetation on-site. After purchasing the property, the Peerys removed several trees on-site in preparation for development. In response to a Code Enforcement complaint regarding removal of the trees, the Planning Division determined that a substantial violation of certain conditions of approval, related to the preservation of vegetation, occurred. Per Deschutes County Code (DCC) 18.140.080(A)(4), the Planning Division initiated revocation proceedings (DR -07-3) to revoke or modify the land use approvals detailed above. The initial public hearing was held on April 3, 2007, and subsequently continued to June 5, 2007. On November 26, 2007, the Hearings Officer issued a decision revoking all four land use permits. The Hearings Officer determined that revocation, not modification, of the permits was appropriate for the following reasons: 1) The conditions of approval associated with CU -2-124 and LM -06-13 were substantially violated by the intentional removal of vegetation on-site; 2) The preservation of vegetation was an essential part of both CU and LM approvals; 3) The violations were serious and could easily have been avoided by the exercise of minimal due diligence; and 4) The property owners have not convincingly demonstrated that the mitigation plan would be effective within the three-year time frame proposed to construct the nonfarm dwelling. The Peerys filed an appeal of the Hearings Officer decision on December 11, 2007. The appellants argue the revocation of permits was not necessary, and that modification of the permits to require compliance with the proposed mitigation plan would restore the site and provide the necessary screening from Sisemore Road. The appellants indicate that they have continued working with tie Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife on the proposed mitigation plan, with a meeting schedued for December 11, 2007. File No.: DR -07-3, A-07-21 Page 1 of 2 Quality Services Performed with Pride On January 7, 2008, per Board Order 2008-006, the Board accepted de novo review of the appeal. A public hearing has been scheduled for January 28, 2008. Per DCC 22.20.040(D)(2), revocation proceedings are exempt from the 150 -day time limit. Attached for the Board's review are the Hearings Officer decision, staff report, and survey of the disturbed area. STAFF RECOMMENDATION As noted above, the Hearings Officer's decision revoked all four land use approvals. Although staff recommended revocation of the LM permit, with modification of the CU permit, staff agrees with the Hearings Officer's analysis and decision. Please feel free to contact me with any questions or concerns. File No.: DR -07-3, A-07-21 Page 2 of 2 o to m 7 DISTURBED AREA ON TAX LOT 100 AS FLAGGED ON SITE. (0.839 AC.) - BUILD AREA 2 AS STAKED ON SITE. 0 • 'NMOHS SV O383BW(lN DV7J ON(lOd FOUND MONUMENT AS PER MP -79-70 (CS01532). SISEMORE ROAD 152.0 r e 123.0 -0) 0 L 0 O • DATE: 02/12/07 ACRD 0706W5 BUILDING PORTIONS 19 & 20, TAX LOTS: AND DISTURBED AREAS OF PARCELS 1 AND 2 OF MP -79-70 IN SECTIONS T16S, R11E, W.M., DESCHUTES COUNTY, OREGON 16-11-20-100 & 200 PRECISION LAND SURVEYING, INC. P.O. BOX 2082 — 738 SW 10TH STREET REDMOND, OREGON 97758 (541) 548-8092 (541) 548-8137 FAX Community Development Department Planning Division Building Safety Division Environmental Health Division 117 NW Lafayette Avenue Bend Oregon 97701-1925 (541)388-6575 FAX (541)385-1764 http://www.co.deschutes.or.us,'cdd/ STAFF REPORT The Deschutes County Hearings Officer will hold a Public Hearing on April 3, 2007 at 6:30 p.m. in the Barnes and Sawyer Room of the Deschutes Services Building located at 1300 NW Wall Street in Bend, to consider the following request: FILE NUMBER(S): DR -07-3, A-07-2 APPLICANT (DR -07-3): Deschutes County 117 NW Lafayette Avenue Bend, OR 97701 APPLICANT (A-07-2): Lance & Irene Olivieri 65580 Sisemore Road Bend, OR 97701 PROPERTY OWNER: Ron & Marilyn Peery 65590 Sisemore Road Bend, OR 97701 OWNER'S REPRESENTATIVE: Stephanie Hicks Ball Janik LLP 15 S.W. Colorado Ave., Suite 3 Bend, OR 97702 DR -07-3: A-07-32: STAFF CONTACT: DR -07-3, A-07-2 The Deschutes County Planning Division has initiated revocation proceedings regarding previous land use approvals (CU -02-124, MC -02-17, MC -06-2, LM -06-13) based upon violation of certain Conditions of Approval associated with those decisions. An appeal has been filed on a Deschutes County Planning Division decision to grant a two-year extension of time (E-07-2) for previously approved land use permits CU -02-124 and MC -06-2. (On March 26, 2007, the appellants submitted a letter requesting withdrawal of the appeal. The letter is incorporated herein by reference.) Anthony Raguine, Associate Planner Quality Services Performed with Pride Page 1 of 5 I. APPLICABLE CRITERIA: Title 18, Deschutes County Zoning Ordinance Chapter 18.140, Administrative Provisions Section 18.140.080. Revocation. Title 22, Deschutes County Development Procedures Ordinance Chapter 22.36, Limitations of Approvals Section 22.36.060. Revocation of approvals. Chapter 22.40, Declaratory Ruling Section 22.40.010. Availability of declaratory ruling. Section 22.40.020. Persons who may apply. II. BASIC FINDINGS: A. LOCATION: The subject property is located at 65590 Sisemore Road, Bend, and is identified on Deschutes County Assessor map 16-11-20, as tax lot 100. B. ZONING: The site is zoned Exclusive Farm Use (EFU) — Tumalo/Redmond/Bend subzone, and is also within Landscape Management and Wildlife Area Combining Zones. C. LOT OF RECORD: The subject property is recognized as a legal lot of record as it was created by partition MP -79-70. D. SITE DESCRIPTION: The 13.2 -acre site is located on the east side of Sisemore Road, and is currently vacant. The site has a vegetation cover of juniper and pine trees, sagebrush, bitterbrush, and native grasses. The topography of the site rises above the elevation of Sisemore Road to the north and northeast, and includes surface stones and rock outcrops. E. SURROUNDING LAND USES: The site abuts land zoned Forest Use 1 (F1) to the north and east, EFU to the south, and Forest Use 2 (F2) to the west. The F1 -zoned lands to the north and east are currently undeveloped, and consist of lands maintained by the United States Bureau of Land Management (BLM). The EFU-zoned lands to the south consist of 2 lots, one developed with a single-family residence. The F2 -zoned lands to the west include 2 lots developed with single-family residences, and one lot that is undeveloped. F. SUBJECT: The Deschutes County Planning Division has initiated revocation proceedings (DR -07-3) regarding previous land use approvals (CU -02-124, MC -02-17, MC -06-2, LM -06-13) based upon violation of certain Conditions of Approval associated with those decisions. An appeal (A-07-2) has also been filed on a Deschutes County Planning Division decision to grant a two-year extension of time (E-07-2) for previously approved land use permits CU -02-124 and MC -06-2. (As noted above, the appellants have withdrawn the appeal.) G. PROCEDURAL HISTORY: In 1979, the Planning Division granted approval to partition the parent property into 3 parcels (MP -79-70), identified on County Assessor's Map 16- 11-20, as tax lots 100, 200, and 300. The partition approval included a designated building area on each parcel located within approximately 400 feet of Sisemore Road. DR -07-3, A-07-2 Page 2 of 5 These building areas were established to address concerns expressed by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) regarding protection of wintering deer. In July of 2001, the Hearings Officer granted approval for a plan amendment and zone change from F2 to EFU. On January 3, 2002, the Deschutes County Board of Commissioners adopted ordinances approving the plan amendment and zone change (Ordinances 2002-07 and 2002-08, respectively). In March of 2003, the Hearings Officer granted Conditional Use permit approval (CU -02- 124, CU -02-125, CU -02-126) for a nonfarm dwelling on each of the 3 parcels, and Modification of Condition approval (MC -02-17) to relocate the approved building areas on the 3 parcels. In March of 2006, the Deschutes County Planning Division granted Landscape Management review approval (LM -06-13) for a proposed dwelling on tax lot 100, and Modification of Condition approval (MC -06-2) to relocate the approved building area on tax lot 100. All of the above -referenced approvals are incorporated herein by reference. III. CONCLUSIONARY FINDINGS: A. Chapter 18.140, Administrative Provisions. 1. Section 18.140.080. Revocation. A. The Hearings Body may revoke or modify any permit granted under the provisions of DCC title 18 on one or more of the following grounds: 4. A permit may be revoked or modified on the basis that the conditions or terms of such permit have been substantially violated. FINDING: The Planning Division received a Code Enforcement complaint alleging that the owners of tax lot 100 (Mr. & Mrs. Peery) violated Condition 6 of the Conditional Use permit (CU - 02 -124) by cutting down trees outside of the approved building envelope. Subsequent to the filing of the complaint, Planning Staff (Anthony Raguine) met on-site with ODFW Staff (Steven George and Larry Pecenka), Mr. Lance Olivieri (neighbor; Assessor map 17-12-32AC, tax lot 200), and Mr. William Kuhn (neighbor; Assessor map 16-11-19, tax lot 200). During this site visit, Planning Staff observed a large area of the site cleared of the majority of trees and underbrush. ODFW estimates, in their February 9, 2007 letter to Mr. Ron Peery (included in the record), that 2+ acres of juniper (all age classes) were removed from the site, as well as severe damage to all shrubs within the same area. On February 26, 2007, the Planning Division received a survey from the Peery's, prepared on February 12, 2007, indicating that .839 acres of the site was disturbed, with an additional .096 acres of disturbance on the Olivieri's property (tax lot 200). Of the .935 acres of disturbance, approximately .41 acres (17,800 square feet) of the disturbance occurred outside of the approved building envelope. On March 16, 2007, the applicant submitted Evaluation of the Tree Felling Disturbance on the Peery Property (Ecological Services, Inc., March 15, 2007), a letter from Wade Fagen of Fagen Trees and Chips (March 12, 2007), and a letter from WinterCreek Restoration (March 14, 2007). DR -07-3, A-07-2 Page 3 of 5 The Evaluation quantifies the disturbance to trees, ground cover, and soil compaction, and provides options for mitigation. The Fagen letter details Mr. Fagen's recollection of the pre -work meeting, his understanding of the intent of the removal, and suggested mitigation. The WinterCreek Restoration letter concludes that, "...damage outside the one acre parcel approved for construction was moderate...damage to wildlife habitat was, in my opinion, minimal." The WinterCreek letter also provides restoration suggestions. Based upon the information in the record, it appears to Staff that impacts caused by the vegetation removal can be mitigated. However, it is also apparent that it would take a number of years to restore the habitat value and screening lost due to the vegetation removal. Staff notes that the purpose for relocating the building envelope further away from Sisemore Road in CU -02-124 and MC -02-17 was for the preservation of habitat values and screening for wintering deer. For the purposes of determining if conditions of the approved permits have been substantially violated, Staff believes the following Conditions of Approval are pertinent: 1. Condition of Approval 6(c) in County file CU -02-124, CU -02-125, CU -02-126, MC -02-17 reads, 6(c). At least 80 percent of the parcel shall be managed to maintain or enhance the natural vegetation occurring on the property. Vegetation may be removed within the building area only for construction of the dwelling and access to the building and for fire protection. Within 200 feet of the dwelling light trimming of juniper trees may occur for the purpose of enhancing scenic views. 2. Condition of Approval 2 and 5 of County file LM -06-13, MC -06-2 reads, 2. All other conditions of approval associated with File CU -02-124, MC -02-17 remain in effect. 5. All existing vegetation not required to be removed for the building pad shall be preserved. The owners argue that Condition 5 severely limits the amount of vegetation removal allowed in Condition 6(c), and creates ambiguity. Staff agrees that Condition 5 could be viewed as limiting the previously approved vegetation removal allowance detailed in Condition 6(c). However, Condition 6(c) still provides specific limits on the amount vegetation allowed to be removed. Based upon the information in the record, Staff believes the owners have substantially violated Condition of Approval 6(c) referenced above. Staff recommends that CU -02-124, MC -02-17 (for tax lot 100 only), LM -06-13, and MC -06-2 be revoked. B. Chapter 22.36, Limitations on Approvals. 1. Section 22.36.060. Revocation of approvals. B. Revocations shall be processed as a declaratory ruling under DCC Title 22. DCC 22.20.010 not withstanding, a public hearing shall be held in all revocation proceedings. FINDING: The County initiated a Declaratory Ruling on February 6, 2007 and a public hearing was scheduled for April 3, 2007 in compliance with this criteria. On February 28, 2007, the owners' attorney submitted a letter requesting continuance of the hearing. A hearing date for the continuance was scheduled for June 5, 2007. DR -07-3, A-07-2 Page 4 of 5 C. Chapter 22.40, Declaratory Ruling. 1 Section 22.40.010. Availability of declaratory ruling. A. Subject to the other provisions of DCC 22.40.010, there shall be available for the County's comprehensive plans, zoning ordinances, the subdivision and partition ordinance and DCC Title 22 a process for: 3. Determining whether an approval has been initiated or considering the revocation of a previously issued land use permit, quasi-judicial plan amendment or zone change. FINDING: As noted above, the County is requesting revocation of previously -issued land use permits and approvals via a Declaratory Ruling. 2. Section 22.040.020. Persons who may apply. A. DCC 22.08.010(B) notwithstanding, the following persons may initiate a declaratory ruling under DCC 22.40: 3. In all cases arising under DCC 22.40.010, the Planning Director. FINDING: As noted above, the County believes a condition of a previously approved land use decision has been substantially violated and has initiated a Declaratory Ruling requesting revocation in compliance with this criterion. V. CONCLUSION: Staff recommends revocation of CU -02-124, MC -02-17, LM -06-13, and MC -06-2. Should the Hearings Officer decide to modify the existing approvals, Staff requests an opportunity for ODFW and Planning Staff to submit recommendations. Dated this 26th day of March, 2007. Mailed this 26th day of March, 2007. DESCHUTES COUNTY PLANNING DIVISION 1140 Written by: Anthony Raguine, Associate Planner Reviewed: Kevin M. Harrison, Principal Planner AJ R/slb DR -07-3, A-07-2 Page 5 of 5 DECISION OF DESCHUTES COUNTY HEARINGS OFFICER FILE NUMBERS: APPLICANT: APPELLANTS: PROPERTY OWNERS: PROPERTY OWNERS' ATTORNEY: REQUESTS: STAFF REVIEWER: HEARING DATES: RECORD CLOSED: I. A. DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Deschutes County 117 N.W. Lafayette Avenue Bend, Oregon 97701 DR -07-3 Lance and Irene Olivieri 65580 Sisemore Road Bend, Oregon 97701 A-07-2 (E-07-2) Ron and Marilyn Peery 65590 Sisemore Road Bend, Oregon 97701 Stephanie Hicks Ball Janik LLP 15 S.W. Colorado Ave., Suite 3 Bend, Oregon 97702 NOV 2007 MAILED DESCHUTES COUNTY 11.0 DR -07-3: Deschutes County initiated proceedings to revoke four previous land use approvals for the subject property (CU -02-124, MC -02-17, MC -06-2, and LM -06-13) on the grounds of alleged violations of conditions of approval in those decisions. A-07-32: Appellants appealed an administrative decision (E-07-2) granting a two-year extension of time for previously approved land use permits CU -02-124 and MC -06-2.1 Anthony Raguine, Senior Planner April 3, June 5 and August 7, 2007 September 18, 2007 APPLICABLE STANDARDS AND CRITERIA: Title 18 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Zoning Ordinance 1. Chapter 18.84, Landscape Management Combining Zone ' By a letter dated March 26, 2007 appellants withdrew their appeal. Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 1 of 22 * Section 18.84.020, Application of Provisions * Section 18.84.050, Use Limitations * Section 18.84.080, Design Review Standards * Section 18.84.085, Imposition of Conditions 2. Chapter 18.140, Administrative Provisions * Section 18.140.080, Revocation B. Title 22 of the Deschutes County Code, the Development Procedures Ordinance 1. Chapter 22.24, Land Use Action Hearings * Section 22.24.140, Continuances or Record Extensions 2. Chapter 22.36, Limitations of Approvals * Section 22.36.060, Revocation of Approvals 3. Chapter 22.40, Declaratory Ruling * Section 22.40.010, Availability of Declaratory Ruling * Section 22.40.020, Persons Who May Apply II. FINDINGS OF FACT: A. Location: The subject property is located at 65590 Sisemore Road, Bend, and is further identified as Tax Lot 100 on Deschutes County Assessor's Map 16-11-20. B. Zoning and Plan Designation: The subject property is designated Agriculture and zoned Exclusive Farm Use-Tumalo/RedmondBend Subzone (EFU-TRB), Landscape Management Combining Zone (LM) and Wildlife Area Combining Zone (WA).The record indicates the subject property is receiving tax deferral on the basis of an adopted Wildlife Habitat Conservation Management Plan (WHCMP).2 C. Site Description: The subject property is 13.2 acre in size, irregular in shape and undeveloped. It abuts Sisemore Road on the west. Vegetation consists of scattered juniper and ponderosa pine trees, sagebrush, bitterbrush, and native grasses. The property's topography is generally level, rising up from Sisemore Road to a level bench and sloping down to the east, and includes scattered rock outcrops. An old irrigation canal ditch runs roughly northeast -southwest along the property's western boundary on the bench above Sisemore Road. 2 The record indicates the vegetation removal on the subject property that is the subject of this declaratory ruling proceeding has disqualified the property from enrollment in the WHCMP program. Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 2 of 22 D. Surrounding Zoning and Land Uses: The subject property abuts land zoned Forest Use (F-1) to the north and east, land zoned EFU-TRB to the south, and land zoned F-2 to the west across Sisemore Road. The F -1 -zoned lands to the north and east are undeveloped and are owned and managed by the US Bureau of Land Management (BLM). The EFU- zoned lands to the south consist of two lots, one of which is developed with a single- family dwelling owned by Lance and Irene Olivieri. The F2 -zoned lands to the west include three lots, two of which are developed with dwellings. E. Procedural History: The subject property was created by a 1979 partition (MP -79-70). The partition approval included approval of a designated building site on each of the three new parcels located within 400 feet of Sisemore Road. These approved building sites were established at the request of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) to protect wintering mule deer. That deer winter range now is protected through the provisions of the WA Zone. In July of 2001, this Hearings Officer approved a plan amendment and zone change for the subject property from F-2 to EFU-TRB. In March of 2003, this Hearings Officer granted conditional use approval to establish a nonfarm dwelling on each of the three parcels created by MP -79-70 including the subject property (CU -02-124, CU -02-125, CU -02-126). The Hearings Officer also approved a modification to relocate the approved building sites on all three parcels (MC -02-17). In February of 2003, the property owners' predecessor submitted an application for non-visible LM site plan review for a dwelling on the subject property along with another request to modify the approved building site (LM -06-13, MC -06-2). In March of 2003 the Planning Division issued an administrative decision approving the non-visible LM site plan review and the requested building site modification. Those approvals were to expire in April 2007. In May of 2006 Ron and Marilyn Peery, the property owners, purchased the subject property. On January 26, 2007 the property owners submitted an application requesting approval of an extension of the dwelling approval granted in LM -06-13 and MC -06-2 for the subject property (E-07-2). On January 28, 2007 Lance and Irene Olivieri filed a code enforcement complaint with the county alleging the property owners had removed trees and other vegetation from the subject property in violation of conditions of approval in the previous LM and CU approvals for the property. By a letter dated February 2, 2007 Deschutes County Code Enforcement Officer Tim Grundeman advised the property owners of the code enforcement complaint and asked them to respond. On February 6, 2007 the county issued an administrative decision granting the requested extension. On February 6, 2007 the county also filed the subject declaratory ruling application to revoke the previously issued LM and CU approvals based on violation of conditions of approval (DR -07-3). Therefore, the 150 -day period for issuance of a final local land use decision under ORS 215.477 would have expired on July 6, 2007.3 By an electronic mail message dated February 8, 2007, Mr. Grundeman advised the property owners and the Olivieris that he would not pursue the code enforcement complaint because of the pending 3 The Hearings Officer assumes the 150 -day period applies to an application filed by the county in the absence of an exception for local government applications in ORS 215.477. Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 3 of 22 declaratory ruling application. On February 16, 2007 the Olivieris filed an appeal from the administrative decision approving the property owners' extension request (A-07-2). A public hearing on the county's declaratory ruling application and the Olivieris' appeal was scheduled for April 3, 2007. By a letter dated February 28, 2007 the property owners requested that the hearing be continued to a date in early June 2007. March 26, 2007, the Olivieris withdrew their appeal. At the public hearing on April 3, 2007 the Hearings Officer received testimony and evidence on the county's declaratory ruling request and continued the public hearing to June 5, 2007 at the property owners' request. Because the county agreed to this hearing continuance, under Section 22.24.140(E) of the county's land use procedures ordinance the 150 -day period was tolled for 63 days and would have expired on September 7, 2007. On April 10, 2007 the Hearings Officer conducted a site visit to the subject property and vicinity and on April 11, 2007 issued a written site visit. By a letter dated May 21, 2007 the property owners requested that the continued public hearing scheduled for June 5, 2007 be continued to a date in August 2007. At the continued hearing on June 5, 2007, the Hearings Officer again received testimony and evidence on the declaratory ruling request and at the property owners' request continued the hearing to August 7, 2007. The 150 -day period therefore was tolled for an additional 63 days and would have expired on November 9, 2007. At the continued public hearing on August 7, 2007, the Hearings Officer again received testimony and evidence on the declaratory ruling request, announced her intention to conduct a second site visit and issue a written site visit report, left the written evidentiary record open through September 4, 2007, and allowed the county through September 11, 2007 to submit final argument. Therefore, the 150 -day period was tolled for another 35 days and would have expired on December 14, 2007. By an electronic mail message dated September 10, 2007 the property owners' attorney notified the Planning Division that the Hearings Officer had not conducted a second site visit before the evidentiary record closed. On September 10, 2007 the Hearings Officer issued an order reopening and extending the written record through September 14, 2007 to conduct a second site visit and to issue a written site visit report, through September 21, 2007 for the parties to respond to the site visit report, and through September 18, 2007 for the county to submit final argument. On September 13, 2007 the Hearings Officer conducted a second site visit to the subject property and vicinity and on September 14, 2007 issued a written site visit report. The 150 -day period was tolled for another 7 days and now expires on December 21, 2007. As of the date of this decision there remain 32 days in the extended 150 -day period. F. Proposal: The county requested a declaratory ruling to determine whether it is appropriate to revoke the previous dwelling approvals in LM -06-13 and MC -06-2 on the basis of the property owners' removal of vegetation from the subject property in violation of conditions of approval in those decisions. As discussed above, the appeal filed by the Olivieris was withdrawn and therefore is no longer before the Hearings Officer. G. Public/Private Agency Notice: The record indicates the Planning Division did not send notice of its declaratory ruling application and the Olivieris' appeal to public and private Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 4 of 22 agencies, but did advise ODFW of the code enforcement complaint and declaratory ruling proceeding. H. Public Notice and Comment: The Planning Division mailed individual written notice of the county's declaratory ruling application and the Olivieris' appeal to the owners of record of all property located within 750 feet of the subject property. The record indicates this notice was mailed to seven property owners. In addition, notice of the initial public hearing was published in the Bend "Bulletin" newspaper. As of the date the record in this matter closed the county had received seven letters from the public in response to these notices. In addition, appellants, two members of the public, the property owners' attorney, two representatives of ODFW, and two expert witnesses for the property owners testified at the public hearings. These comments are addressed in the findings below. I. Lot of Record: As discussed above, the subject property is a legal lot of record having been created by a 1979 partition (MP -79-70). III. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW: A. Title 22 of the Deschutes County Code, the Development Procedures Ordinance 1. Chapter 22.36, Limitations on Approvals a. Section 22.36.060, Revocation of Approvals A. Approvals shall be subject to revocation according to standards set forth in the applicable zoning ordinances. B. Revocations shall be processed as a declaratory ruling under DCC Title 22. DCC 22.20.010 notwithstanding, a public hearing shall be held in all revocation proceedings. FINDINGS: The county applied for a declaratory ruling to determine whether it is appropriate to revoke previous CU and LM approvals to establish a dwelling on the subject property because of the property owners' removal of vegetation from the subject property in violation of conditions of approval in those decisions. Public hearings were held to consider the declaratory ruling and permit revocation. 2. Chapter 22.40, Declaratory Ruling a. Section 22.40.010, Availability of Declaratory Ruling A. Subject to the other provisions of DCC 22.40.010, there shall be available for the County's comprehensive plans, zoning ordinances, the subdivision and partition ordinance and DCC Title 22 a process for: Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 5 of 22 * * * 3. Determining whether an approval has been initiated or considering the revocation of a previously issued land use permit, quasi-judicial plan amendment or zone change. Such a determination or interpretation shall be known as a "declaratory ruling" and shall be processed in accordance with this chapter. In all cases, as part of making a determination or interpretation the planning director (where appropriate) or hearings body (where appropriate) shall have the authority to declare the rights and obligations of persons affected by the ruling. B. A declaratory ruling shall be available only in instances involving fact -specific controversy and to resolve and determine the particular rights and obligations of particular parties to the controversy. Declaratory proceedings shall not be used to grant an advisory opinion. Declaratory proceedings shall not be used as a substitute for seeking an amendment of general applicability to a legislative enactment. FINDINGS: This declaratory ruling proceeding is for the purpose of determining whether the 2003 and 2006 land use approvals to establish a nonfarm dwelling on the subject property should be revoked on the basis of factual allegations that the property owners' removal of vegetation from the property in violation of conditions of approval in those decisions. The Hearings Officer finds this proceeding will determine the rights and obligations of the parties and is not being used to obtain an advisory opinion or to seek a legislative amendment to the county code. b. Section 22.040.020, Persons Who May Apply A. DCC 22.08.010(B) notwithstanding, the following persons may initiate a declaratory ruling under DCC 22.40: * * * 3. In all cases arising under DCC 22.40.010, the Nanning Director. FINDINGS: This declaratory ruling application was filed by the county's Planning Director. c. Section 22.40.030, Procedures Except as set forth in this chapter or in applicable provisions of a zoning ordinance, the procedures for making declaratory rulings shall Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 6 of 22 be the same as set forth in this title for land use actions. Where the planning division is the applicant, the planning division shall bear the same burden that applicants generally bear in pursuing a land use action. FINDINGS: This declaratory ruling is being handled under the procedures for a land use action. Because the county initiated this proceeding it has the burden of proof. In other words, the county must demonstrate by substantial, credible evidence that grounds for revocation of the aforementioned 2003 and 2006 land use approvals exist and that revocation is justified. B. Title 18 of the Deschutes County Code, the Deschutes County Zoning Ordinance 1. Chapter 18.140, Administrative Provisions a. Section 18.140.080, Revocation A. The Hearings Body may revoke or modify anv permit granted under the provisions of DCC title 18 on one or more of the following grounds: 1. A permit may be revoked on the basis of fraud, concealment, misrepresentation or inaccurate information supplied on the application or offered by the applicant or his representative at the public hearing. 2. A permit may be revoked on the basis that the use for which such permit was granted has ceased to exist or has been suspended for one year or more. 3. A permit may be revoked or modified on the basis that the use for which the permit was granted was so exercised as to be detrimental to the public health, safety or welfare, or in such a manner as to constitute a nuisance. 4. A permit may be revoked or modified on the basis that the conditions or terms of such permit have been substantially violated. 5. Any permit granted pursuant to DCC Title 18 shall become null and void if not exercised within the time period specified in such permit or, if no time period is specified in the permit, within two years from the date of approval of said permit.(Emphasis added.) FINDINGS: This declaratory ruling was filed by the county under Paragraph (4) of this section Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 7 of 22 in response to a code enforcement complaint submitted by appellants Lance and Irene Olivieri who own and live on property abutting the subject property. The basis of the code enforcement complaint was that the property owners violated one or more conditions established in the 2003 CU and 2006 LM approvals to establish a nonfarm dwelling on the subject property by removing trees and other native vegetation located both inside and outside the modified building site approved in LM -06-13 and MC -06-2. There is no dispute that trees, brush and ground cover were removed from the subject property both inside and outside the approved building envelope, as well as from a portion of the Olivieris' adjacent property. The record includes a survey of the subject property dated February 12, 2007 and submitted by the property owners that states .839 acres of the subject property was disturbed along with .096 acres of land on the Olivieris' property, and that of the .935 acres of disturbed area on the subject property approximately .41 acres (17,800 square feet) were located outside of the previously approved building envelope.4 In addition, the record includes a document submitted by the property owners entitled "Evaluation of the Tree Felling Disturbance on the Peery Property," dated March 15, 2007 and prepared by Ecological Services, Inc. describing and quantifying the removal of trees, shrubs and ground cover, as well as the compaction of soil resulting from the clearing activity on the subject property conducted by the property owners' contractor Wade Fagen. This clearing and ground disturbance were verified during multiple site visits by planning staff, ODFW staff, and the Hearings Officer. The original staff report dated March 26, 2007 recommended that both the CU and LM approvals previously issued for the establishment of a dwelling on the subject property be revoked for the reasons that these approvals were conditioned on retaining existing vegetation between the approved building envelope and Sisemore Road that has been removed, both for the preservation of habitat values and screening for wintering deer and for screening the dwelling from the road. The staff report notes that although the impacts caused by the property owners' removal of vegetation can be mitigated through replanting, it will take many years to restore the vegetation to the point where it will provide both the wintering deer habitat value and visual screening that was lost due to the clearing. At the public hearing on August 7, 2007 and in a supplemental staff report dated August 29, 2007, staff recommended the CU approval be modified through this declaratory ruling proceeding with new and/or modified conditions. However, the supplemental staff report recommends the LM approval be revoked because a dwelling sited on the approved building envelope no longer would qualify for a non-visible LM approval. The property owners respond by acknowledging that clearing was done outside the approved building envelope and outside the subject property. However, they argue the conditions of approval concerning vegetation removal and preservation are ambiguous and therefore they were not violated, and that even if they were violated the violations were not "substantial." Finally, the property owners argue that in any case permit revocation is too harsh a penalty where, as here, they are prepared to implement a mitigation plan to replace the removed vegetation. Each of these arguments is addressed in the findings below. 1. Conditions of Approval and Supporting Findings 4 The record indicates the Olivieris withdrew their appeal as a result of the property owners' agreement to restore and re -vegetate the portion of the Olivieris' property cleared by the property owners' contractor. Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 8 of 22 a. March 2003 Decision (CU -02-124, CU -02-125, CU -02-126, MC -02-17). The Hearings Officer's March 2003 decision granted conditional use approval for a nonfarm dwelling on the subject property and a modification to the building site approved through the 1979 partition creating the subject property. The decision includes the following pertinent findings: "The subject property is located within the LM Zone because of its proximity to Sisemore Road. The applicant [the property owners' predecessor James L. Watts] has not submitted applications for LM site plan review for the proposed nonfarm dwellings. Since the proposed nonfarm dwellings still will be located within one- quarter mile of Sisemore Road under the proposed building areas, the Hearings Officer finds that as a condition of approval the applicant or his successors will be required to apply for and obtain LM site plan review and approval for the proposed nonfarm dwellings prior to the issuance of building permits. "(Page 19.) "* * * the applicant has requested approval to site the nonfarm dwellings entirely outside the designated building areas in order to move them out of dense vegetation used by wintering deer for browse and cover, and onto more open, less vegetated areas. * * * The applicant proposes to site the nonfarm dwelling on Tax Lot 100 [the subject property] entirely outside the designated building area and more than 300 feet from the aforementioned private road. He argues the proposed building area for Tax Lot 100 also will afford equal or greater protection for habitat values than the designated building area for Tax Lot 100 because it will move the dwelling out of the denser vegetation near Sisemore Road that deer use for browse and cover. In support of his argument, the applicant submitted a letter dated January 21, 2003 from Steve George, ODFW Deschutes District Wildlife Biologist, stating ODFW agrees with the proposed building area for Tax Lot 100 'with the applicant's mitigation plan to protect or enhance the wildlife values. ' The record indicates the applicant's mitigation plan was transmitted to ODFW by a letter dated January 10, 2003 from the applicant to the county. The applicant's letter states in pertinent part: `I propose the following mitigation plan for the purpose of gaining approval of the alternate building area I am proposing for Tax Lot 100. * * * 3) With the exception of removal of vegetation for fire prevention or suppression purposes and with the exception of the area necessary for the construction of a dwelling and access to the dwelling, at least 80 percent of the parcel shall be maintained with natural vegetation in place. The removal of trees shall be limited to those necessary for the construction of a dwelling and outbuildings, to gain access and fire prevention purposes. Light trimming for the Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 9 of 22 purposes of enhancing views of scenic vistas, aesthetic enhancement within 200 feet of the dwelling and fire prevention is allowed. In his January 21, 2003 letter, Steve George recommended the following modifications and/or additions to the applicant's proposed mitigation plan: '* * * Vegetation At least 80 percent of the parcel shall be managed to maintain or enhance the natural vegetation occurring on the property. Vegetation may be removed within the building envelope only for construction of the building and for fire protection. Within 200 feet of the dwelling light trimming of juniper trees may occur for the purpose of enhancing scenic views. Mr. George 's letter met with considerable disapproval. * * * The applicant mounted a general assault on Mr. George 's comments. In a letter dated February 10, 2003, the applicant questioned the scientific basis for the WA Zone's 300 foot building envelope requirement. He challenged ODFW's authority to submit comments on his mitigation plan or to suggest revisions to it. He argued there is no statutory or ordinance authority to require mitigation plan. Finally, the applicant stated lilt certainly was not my desire to submit a mitigation plan or add more restrictions to my property. ' In light of the applicant's voluntary submission of a mitigation plan — coupled with his own offer of Mr. George's January 21, 2003 letter, [footnote omitted] — the Hearings Officer is at a loss to understand this statement. As discussed in the findings above, ODFW may participate in these proceedings as a party and may submit comments on the application. The Hearings Officer finds that ODFW's expertise can be of particular value where, as here, the ordinance requires me to apply a subjective siting standard concerning wildlife habitat — i.e., whether or not habitat will be afforded `equal or greater protection' with a building envelope located outside the 300 foot road setback. However, I am not bound by ODFW's recommendations, particularly if I find they are not supported by substantial evidence in the record "(Pages 21-23.) "2. Tax Lot 100. * * * The Hearings Officer finds the dispute between the applicant and Mr. George concerning which building area location on Tax Lot 100 affords better habitat protection presents a close question. The applicant correctly notes that the WA siting standard requires only that he demonstrate the Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 10 of 22 proposed building will afford `equal or greater' habitat protection than the designated building area. I find he has done that with the proposed building area. However, considering the purpose of the WA Zone siting standards, moving the building area closer to the terminus of the existing private road is likely to afford even greater habitat protection. And the suggested vegetative hedge between the proposed building area and the prime habitat closer to Sisemore Road will not be an effective buffer for many years. Considering all of the evidence, I find the applicant has met his burden of demonstrating the proposed building area will afford equal or greater protection for wildlife habitat than the designated building area on Tax Lot 100. .However, I find that since the applicant proposed to plant the vegetative buffer recommended by Mr. George, he will be required to do so as a condition of approval. For the foregoing reasons, the Hearings Officer finds the applicant will be required as a condition of approval for the proposed modification to site the nonfarm dwelling on Tax Lot 100 within the proposed building area shown on the plot plan submitted with the applicant's modification burden of proof subject to the same mitigation measures applicable to Tax Lots 200 and 300 and subject to the following additional mitigation measure: * * *. " Based on the above -quoted findings, the Hearings Officer imposed the following conditions of approval in 2003: "2. The applicant/owner shall obtain Landscape Management site plan review and approval for each of the three nonfarm dwellings approved in this decision prior to the issuance of a building permit for that dwelling. * * * 6. The applicant/owner shall site the nonfarm dwellings on Tax Lots 200 and 300 within the approved building areas shown on the plot plan required in Condition 5 above, subject to the following mitigation measures: * * * c) At least 80 percent of the parcel shall be managed to maintain or enhance the natural vegetation occurring on the property. Vegetation may be removed within the building area only for construction of the dwelling and access to the building and for fire protection. Within 200 feet of the dwelling light trimming of juniper trees may occur for the purpose of enhancing scenic views. 7. The applicant/owner shall site the nonfarm dwelling on Tax Lot 100 within the approved building area shown on the plot plat required in Condition 5 above, subject to the same mitigation measures applicable to Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 11 of 22 Tax Lots 200 and 300 set forth in Condition 6 above, and subject to the following additional mitigation measure: a) The applicant/owner shall plan and maintain a vegetative buffer of plants that runs in a generally northeast -southwest line across Tax Lot 100 between the approved building area and the main draw to the north of the approved building area. This buffer may be composed of native or non-native (non -noxious) plants including trees and bushes that would have an average height of 10 feet at maturity, with an average spacing of 5 feet. This buffer shall be planted within 6 months of the date this decision becomes final. "(Bold emphasis added.) 2. March 2006 Decision (LM -06-13, MC -06-2). The county issued an administrative decision granting LM site plan approval and a modification to the previously -approved building site for the subject property. That decision includes the following pertinent findings: "Sisemore Road is designated as a landscape management corridor within Deschutes County. The applicant's [the property owners' predecessor Rob Wesson] site plan indicates the proposed building envelope would be sited an estimated 181 feet east of Sisemore Road. The subject property is vegetated with mature trees, brush, and native grasses. The proposed building envelope would be sited on a portion of the property which is elevated above Sisemore Road. The rise in elevation and existing vegetation would make the dwelling non-visible from Sisemore Road To ensure that the proposed dwelling would remain screened from Sisemore Road, staff has added a Condition of Approval that requires the applicant to retain the existing tree cover on the property that screens the proposed dwelling from Sisemore Road " (Page 7; bold emphasis added.) "The proposed building envelope would not be located entirely within 300 feet of Sisemore Road. However, as noted above, ODFW has submitted a letter determining that relocation of the building envelope would be a better location for wildlife and habitat protection that the site designated by MC -02-17. "(Page 8.) Based on these findings, the administrative decision imposed the following conditions of approval: "* * * 2. All other conditions of approval associated with File CU -02-124, MC - 02 -17 remain in effect. * * * Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 12 of 22 5. All existing vegetation not required to be removed for the building pad shall be preserved. "(Page 9; bold emphasis added.) 2. Ambiguity of Conditions The property owners argue Condition 6(c) in the 2003 decision (CU -02-124, MC -02-17) and Conditions 2 and 5 in the 2006 decision (LM -06-13, MC -06-2), read together, create an ambiguity concerning what vegetation they could remove. Specifically, the property owners argue 2006 Condition 5 could be read to limit the amount of vegetation removal permitted in Condition 6(c) while 2006 Condition 2 could be read to apply the vegetation provisions in 2003 Condition 6(c). The Hearings Officer finds 2003 Condition 6(c) imposed separate requirements for vegetation on three distinct but overlapping areas on the subject property, as follows: • at least 80 percent of the entire parcel must be managed to maintain or enhance natural vegetation; • within the approved building envelope vegetation may be removed only for construction of the dwelling and access to the building and for fire protection; and • within 200 feet of the dwelling light trimming of juniper trees may occur to enhance scenic views. The record indicates the approved building envelope measures 200 feet by 200 feet. Therefore, a portion of the area within 200 feet of the dwelling necessarily would be located within the approved building envelope. The Hearings Officer finds the plain language of 2006 Condition 5 applies to the entire parcel because it refers to "all existing vegetation" not required to be removed from the building pad. Therefore, I find the language of 2006 Condition 5 unambiguously places greater limitations on the removal of vegetation from the subject property outside the "building pad" than did 2003 Condition 6(c). The remaining question is whether the language of 2006 Condition 2 creates an ambiguity as to the meaning of 2006 Condition 5 because Condition 2 states all "other conditions of approval" in the 2003 decision remain in effect. In other words, does Condition 2 mean the less stringent vegetation preservation/removal requirements in 2003 Condition 6(c) still apply? The property owners argue that because of this ambiguity I may consider the statements of Senior Planner Anthony Raguine, author of the 2006 decision, that he did not intend the conditions of approval in his decision to place greater limitations on vegetation removal than those imposed by the 2003 CU decision. The Hearings Officer agrees with the property owner that the language in 2006 Conditions 2 and 5 creates an ambiguity as to whether and to what extent 2003 Condition 6(c) applies. However, I am not persuaded that as a result of this ambiguity the more stringent requirements of 2006 Condition 5 must be ignored. To the contrary, the context in which Conditions 2 and 5 are found — a decision approving an LM site plan review for a non-visible dwelling — strongly suggests Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 13 of 22 2006 Condition 5 was intended to be more stringent than 2003 Condition 6(c) because Condition 5 was necessary to assure compliance with the approval criteria for such a permit — i.e., that the dwelling would not be visible from Sisemore Road. As noted above, the 2006 LM decision expressly found: "The rise in elevation and existing vegetation would make the dwelling non- visible from Sisemore Road. To ensure that the proposed dwelling would remain screened from Sisemore Road, staff has added a Condition of Approval that requires the applicant to retain the existing tree cover on the property that screens the proposed dwelling from Sisemore Road." In other words, in this context — and without 2006 Condition 5 -- the vegetation removal permitted under 2003 Condition 6(c) could result in loss of the very "existing tree cover" that screened the dwelling from Sisemore Road and qualified it as a non-visible dwelling under the LM site plan approval criteria. Consequently, more stringent limitations on vegetation removal for the LM approval were to be expected. For these reasons, the Hearings Officer finds that reading 2006 Conditions 2 and 5 in the context of the 2006 LM decision, Condition 5 was intended to place limitations on the removal of vegetation in addition to those imposed by 2003 Condition 6(c) that were necessary to assure compliance with the non-visible LM site plan approval criteria. In any event, the Hearings Officer finds that even if the context of the 2006 LM decision would permit me to ignore the vegetation removal restriction in 2006 Condition 5 and look only to the restrictions imposed in 2003 Condition 6(c), the vegetation removed from the subject property exceeded that permitted under Condition 6(c). The record indicates the vegetation removal extended beyond the approved building area onto the adjacent parcel. In that regard, it clearly exceeded what would be required for construction of a dwelling in the building envelope. And based on the photographs in the record of the clearing on the subject property and my site visit observations, I find the complete removal of juniper trees and brush from much of the area between the approved building area and Sisemore Road cannot reasonably be considered "light trimming" of trees for the purpose of enhancing scenic views. The property owners and their contractor Wade Fagen also argue the removal of junipers between the approved building envelope and Sisemore Road was required and justified for fire protection and therefore was permitted by 2003 Condition 6(c). The Hearings Officer finds this argument rings hollow inasmuch as the record indicates the only "overstocked" junipers and brush removed from the subject property for "fire protection" were those taken from the approved building area and the area between the building area and Sisemore Road where the scenic views could be enhanced with their removal. Moreover, in his August 31, 2007 letter, Larry Pacenka from ODFW stated in pertinent part: "ODFW views that this was not a `Thinning of Juniper, ' but a clearing of juniper on the Peery property and did not follow the `defendable space' specifications provided by the Cloverdale Rural Fire Protection District nor the Oregon Department of Forestry. The pattern of vegetation removal does not reflect `defendable space' guidelines as a circular perimeter around the homesite, but Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 14 of 22 instead some juniper/shrub vegetation was removed far beyond the building envelope while that same vegetation type still remains within the envelope. * * * ODFW has to question Mr. Peery's marking and removal of trees over 100 feet onto the neighboring property (which at the time claimed he thought was on his property). Why was the vegetation removed such a great distance from the building envelope, while identical vegetation cover was left standing at the homesite area?" Finally, the property owners argue that even if the vegetation removal conducted on the subject property was in violation of 2003 Condition 6(c) and/or 2006 Condition 5, it was not a "substantial" violation because these conditions were only two of 14 conditions imposed on the CU and LM approvals. The Hearings Officer disagrees with finds a numeric formula is not appropriate in determining substantiality. The term "substantial" is not defined in the county's code. The ordinary definition of the term includes: "having substance; important; with regard to essential elements." Webster's New World Dictionary and Thesaurus, Second Edition. The findings in both the 2003 and 2006 decisions make clear that retaining the existing vegetation between the approved building envelope and Sisemore Road was an "essential element" of the case for meeting both the applicable CU and LM approval standards. The CU approval standards included compliance with the WA Zone provisions, which required that the dwelling be built either within 300 feet of Sisemore Road or at a location outside the 300 -foot road setback that would afford "equal or greater protection" for wildlife habitat. Both the property owners' predecessor and ODFW identified the vegetation between the approved building envelope and Sisemore Road as critical wintering deer habitat because of the browse and cover it provided. The preservation of this vegetation represented a significant part of the justification for allowing the dwelling to be built outside the 300 -foot building setback. And as discussed above, the retaining the vegetation between the building envelope and Sisemore Road was what qualified the dwelling as "non-visible" for purposes of the LM approval standards. For the foregoing reasons, the Hearings Officer finds that while 2006 Condition 2 created an ambiguity as to whether 2006 Condition 5 or 2003 Condition 6(c) established the requirements for vegetation preservation and removal, the conditions made clear that the property owners were not permitted to engage in wholesale removal of vegetation within the approved building area, on the adjacent Olivieri property, or in the area between the approved building envelope and Sisemore Road. 3. Appropriate Remedy Having found the property owners' removal of vegetation from the Olivieris' property and from the area between the approved building area and Sisemore Road violated both 2003 Condition 6(c) and 2006 Condition 5, the Hearings Officer finds the remaining question is whether revocation or modification of the CU and LM permits for establishment of a dwelling on the subject property is the appropriate remedy. The property owners argue revocation is not appropriate because the violation was not intentional and can be remedied, citing my decision in Daughs (DR -00-5). In that case, I concluded the owner of a private airstrip at which skydiving activities occurred and were permitted with a conditional use permit had violated two conditions of approval by having skydiver landings off the subject property and by storing more aircraft at Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 15 of 22 the airstrip than was permitted. I found permit revocation was not an appropriate remedy in that case because the off-site landings were not "intentional" due to weather conditions and other factors affecting parachute behavior outside the airstrip operator's control, and because the airstrip operator easily could correct the aircraft storage violation — which was intentional — simply by moving one aircraft to another location. The Hearings Officer finds the circumstances presented here are distinguishable from those in Daughs in two significant ways. First, there is no question the vegetation removal that occurred on the subject property was intentional. And there is evidence in the record from which I can find that the extent of that clearing was not inadvertent, but rather was the direct result of the property owners' lack of due diligence in determining what was permitted and lack of adequate supervision of Mr. Fagen who did the clearing at the property owners' direction. a. Lack of Due Diligence. The record includes correspondence between the property owners and Mr. Fagen concerning what vegetation to remove from the subject property. The record indicates Mr. Fagen is a certified arborist. In a letter dated September 11, 2006 from Mr. Peery to Mr. Fagen following Mr. Fagen's visit to the subject property, Mr., Peery gave Mr. Fagen the following directions regarding vegetation removal: "Some select foreground expansive views across the forest below may benefit from select cutting, limbing, brush removal and the like. You may refer to the building envelope map enclosed. The black circles are specific trees. I am assuming, but you will learn direct from Larry Pacenka [from ODFW], that thee must be left. Jack says he received an inch of material from Larry. He notes that older Bitterbrush and 8 -inch juniper may be fair game, and I think we should clear as much as is reasonable. There may be some differences with what is to be done inside the building envelope and outside. Of course, the Wildlife Habitat Agreement is to be a consideration coupled with on the ground issues of aesthetics, etc. We see some tree removal, some limbing from the ground up, some limbing of select in tree limbs, brush and root ball removal, etc. " (Emphasis added.) As discussed in the findings above, the property owners submitted an evaluation of the vegetation clearing Mr. Fagen performed on the subject property and noted that 38 juniper trees were removed from outside the approved building envelope and some trees were removed from the Olivieris' property. In a letter dated March 12, 2007 from Mr. Fagen to Mr. Peery and Larry Pacenka from ODFW following the filing of the Olivieris' code violation complaint, Mr. Fagen explained his clearing activity in pertinent part as follows: "I feel the problem on Ron Peery's Sisemore property is 3 fold. The plan on this property is a Wildlife Plan and not a Fire Fuel Reduction Plan. Even though I did a very good job of removing exactly what I was contracted to do, I wish I would have been better informed to alert Ron of problems that may arise. * * * Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 16 of 22 Second Ron seemed so confident of the plan and the property line that I did not question his knowledge of what was going on. Third, and finally, the Plan is not that clear or should I say, "Doesn't paint a very good picture' for somebody like myself who works on these sort of projects let alone someone like Ron from the City. * * * I requested having a pre -work meeting which included me being present. The three of us discussed brush removal, limbing of trees and removing 75% of the trees on the property. At that time most of the trees on Ron's property had been marked for removal along the old canal, 2 trees still remain with the old markings. Both Ron and I understood that most junipers up to 8" DBH (which equate to 10-16" diameter at ground level) were to be removed, along with some larger trees. The plan also stated that removal of Junipers would allow for new growth of grass and brush. Which I thought meant the plan wanted the old brush gone to reduce fire hazard and promote new growth that the deer like so much more. So I intentionally took out many of the tops of the brush with the tree removal by pushing the trees along the ground instead of holding them suspended to preserve the tops of the brush. * * * It sounded to me like a typical Fire Fuel Reduction Job. But like General MacArthur once said, 'It is not good enough that instructions are clear, they must be unmistakable. "(Emphasis added.) At the August 7, 2007 public hearing, Mr. Fagen testified Mr. Peery showed him the boundaries of the approved building envelope on the subject property, and he reiterated that he understood from Mr. Peery that all trees along the canal on the west side of the property were to be removed based on the fact that they were marked. At the hearing Mr. Peery testified that he was aware of the vegetation clearing conditions and restrictions in the CU and LM decisions when he contracted with Mr. Fagen to do the vegetation removal. However, he testified he was wrong about the layout of the property, fire fuel reduction standards, how many junipers he could remove from the subject property, and what vegetation could be removed for view enhancement. In a letter dated August 31, 2007, Larry Pacenka of ODFW stated that Mr. Peery told him he — Mr. Peery — had in fact marked the trees to be removed, and that Mr. Fagen confirmed to Mr. Pacenka that Mr. Peery had directed him as to what trees to cut. The Hearings Officer finds from the written and oral testimony of Mr. Peery and Mr. Fagen that Mr. Peery's examination of the subject property, and his instructions to Mr. Fagen about what vegetation should be removed, fell so far short of the minimum stewardship required to assure compliance with the conditions in the previously -issued land use approvals -- of which Mr. Peery acknowledges he was aware -- that his failure is tantamount to an intentional violation. b. Inadequate Means to Correct Violation. Second, the Hearings Officer finds the property owners have not demonstrated the removal of vegetation can be "corrected" in a manner that would provide either "equal or better" habitat protection for wintering deer or screening of a dwelling on the approved building envelope from Sisemore Road such that it would still qualify for a non-visible LM permit. At the outset, I acknowledge that the property owners have made a considerable effort to develop a mitigation plan to correct the violations of conditions that occurred on the subject property. The record includes multiple iterations of a mitigation plan Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 17 of 22 developed by Winter Creek Restoration. The record also indicates the property owners and Winter Creek Restoration have coordinated their mitigation plan efforts with Larry Pacenka of ODFW in an effort to address the agency's concerns. Nevertheless, I find it is clear from this record that under the proposed mitigation plan it will take many years for any new vegetation to reach the size and density that will replicate the habitat and visual screening values that were lost as a result of the clearing performed by Mr. Fagen at Mr. Peery's direction. And in his comments on the proposed mitigation plans, Larry Pacenka identified a number of deficiencies in the plan and recommended that the property owners move their building envelope to a new location that will protect habitat, or wait to build a dwelling until the removed vegetation is "completely replaced in habitat structure and function." (Bold emphasis in original.) The property owners responded to ODFW's concerns by suggesting that their nonfarm dwelling CU permit be modified to include a condition of approval requiring them to wait for at least 2 years after all mitigation planting has been completed to apply for a building permit, stating that it would take at least 18 months for a dwelling to be constructed on the subject property. However, there is no evidence in this record from which I can find that after 3 '/2 years of tree and vegetation growth the replacement habitat would be adequate to justify approval of a dwelling outside the 300 -foot road setback on the basis of "equal or better" habitat protection at the more distant building envelope. The property owners also argue a modification to their LM site plan approval similar to that proposed for their CU approval will assure a dwelling constructed on the approved building envelope would still qualify as "non-visible." In the Hearings Officer's second site visit report, I made the following observations concerning the visibility of a dwelling on the approved building envelope from Sisemore Road following the removal of vegetation on the subject property: "Mr. Raguine and I then located a stake marking the western boundary of a second modified 150' by 200' homesite located further east than the previously approved modified 200' by 200' homesite. I could not see any portion of Sisemore Road from this stake. However, it was my impression that the upper floor and roof of a two-story dwelling constructed near this western homesite boundary could be visible from the road. It also was my impression that any dwelling constructed on the previously approved 200' by 200' modified homesite located further to the west would be visible from Sisemore Road. I observed three mature juniper trees near the small clearing where ourvehicle was parked that I estimated to be approximately 25 feet tall and located within the second modified homesite boundary. I believed these trees would provide suitable visual landmarks from which I could determine to what extent a dwelling at or near this location would be visible from Sisemore Road. Mr. Raguine took a digital photograph of these trees looking in a south-southeast direction that also shows the Olivieri dwelling in the background. This photograph is attached to this site visit report as Exhibit A. Mr. Raguine and I left the subject property and drove north on Sisemore Road to Kohlman Road where we turned around and drove south on Sisemore Road. As Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 18 of 22 we drove south and got closer to the subject property I was able to observe the western portion of the property, including the slope up from the road that retains its native vegetation and the upper level of the property on which vegetation was cleared. As we approached the subject property it was my impression that the upper portions of the landmark trees we had photographed were visible from the road. However, to confirm my observation we stopped at a point near the driveway of the Kuhn residence and I walked up the slope onto the upper level of the property to confirm the location of the landmark trees. I found that the trees I observed from the road were not the landmark trees but rather were trees located closer to the western property boundary. I located the position of the landmark trees further to the northeast and returned to the vehicle. We then backed up to the north on Sisemore Road and proceeded south again until I was able to observe the upper levels of the landmark trees. We continued driving south on Sisemore Road to a point south of the Olivieris' driveway. I was able to see the upper parts of the landmark trees intermittently from Sisemore Road from a point north of the Kuhn's driveway to a point south of the Olivieris' driveway. Based on these observations, it was my impression that the upper story and roof of a two- story dwelling constructed on any of the three homesites (original, first modified and proposed second modified) also would be visible to some degree from this segment of Sisemore Road because of the clearing that has taken place on the proposed homesites. "(Emphasis added.) In their final argument, the property owners responded to the Hearings Officer's site visit report as follows: "It cannot be determined at this point whether a structure that will not even be proposed until at least 2 years from now will be `visible' from Sisemore Road. A decision cannot be made until the property owner submits plans with respect to the structure and site layout. The Site Visit Report indicates that the Hearings Officer believes a single -story structure would not be visible from Sisemore Road, under current conditions (without new plantings installed, and without considering a yearly growth factor). Further, the Hearings Officer stated that she `could not see any portion of Sisemore Road from [a stake marking the western boundary of a second modified 150' by 200' homesite located further east than the previously modified approved modified 200' by 200' homesite]. ' Accordingly, it would be erroneous to revoke LM -06-13 because the Peerys may build a single -story home. As discussed in our August 21, 2007 letter, the mitigation plan includes the requirement to install twenty-two large trees will be installed [sic] (8-12 feet in height), which may grow up to 3 feet per year, under ideal conditions. The Peerys will not be allowed to apply for a building permit for 2 years from the date the trees are installed. Fourteen medium-sized trees will also be planted (6-8 feet in height). The installed trees, as well as existing trees and vegetation on site will increase in height and density over a 2 year period, providing screening beyond existing conditions. Accordingly, the evidence supports a finding that even a 2 - Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 19 of 22 story structure will not be `visible' from Sisemore Road on the first or second modified building sites, within the meaning of DCC 18.84.050(B), but the time of building permit application. In short, the Hearings Officer believes that, under current conditions, the upper story and roof of a 2 -story dwelling might be visible, 'to some degree' from Sisemore Road, based on an observation of certain `landmark trees' thought to be representative of the height of a 2 -story structure on the building site. It should be noted that such trees were visible only intermittently from Sisemore Road. In other words, even without new plantings and growth, a 2 -story structure would be expected to barely be seen from Sisemore Road The Hearings Officer's observations in this regard do not take into consideration the impact of mitigation plantings and the growth rate of both new and existing vegetation, which will further screen from Sisemore Road. It has not been determined whether the Peerys will construct a 1 or 2 -story home. Clearly, if a single -story home is constructed, it would be invisible, even if application was allowed to be submitted at the conclusion of this declaratory ruling proceeding. The installation of mitigation plantings, growth of such plantings, along with growth of existing vegetation in the area will provide additional screening. Thus, even a 2 -story home, if proposed, may not be `visible' from Sisemore Road within the meaning of DCC 18.84.050(B) two years from now, given that the Hearings Officer has determined such a structure would already be largely screened under current conditions. "(Underscored emphasis in original; bold emphasis added.) The Hearings Officer finds the property owners' argument is not persuasive. Section 18.84.050(B) provides: Structures which are not visible from the designated roadway, river or stream and which are assured of remaining not visible because of vegetation, topography or existing development are exempt from the provisions of DCC 18.84.080 (Design Review Standards) and DCC 18.84.090 (Setbacks). An applicant for site plan review in the LM Zone shall conform with the provisions of DCC 18.84, or may submit evidence that the proposed structure will not be visible from the designated road, river or stream. Structures not visible from the designated road, river or stream must meet setback standards of the underlying zone. The term "visible" is not defined in Title 18. Therefore, the Hearings Officer finds it is appropriate to apply the ordinary definition of this term, which is "that can be seen." Webster's New World Dictionary and Thesaurus, Second Edition. I find there is no basis in this definition or in the context of Section 18.84.050(B) to conclude a structure that is visible — even if only intermittently — from a designated road is "not visible." Moreover, for a structure to be exempt from LM site plan review, it must be "assured of remaining not visible because of vegetation." The evidence in this record does not provide such assurance. The property owners claim that a 2 - story dwelling would not be visible in three years is based on an assumption that new screening Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 20 of 22 trees will grow at a very high rate — one expected only "in ideal conditions" -- and will have no mortality on the subject property, a parcel that has never been irrigated and has such poor quality soils that it qualified for placement of a nonfarm dwelling. If the property owners were applying for a non-visible LM permit for a dwelling on the approved building envelope under current conditions, the evidence on which they rely in this record would not meet their burden of proof. I find it is no more appropriate for me to approve a modification to their existing LM permit under these circumstances because the property owners have not demonstrated with substantial credible evidence that their proposed mitigation plan will correct the violations of conditions in the 2006 LM approval. Section 18.140.080(A)(4) gives the Hearings Officer the discretion to determine whether to revoke or modify a permit where conditions of the permit have been substantially violated. I find revocation is the appropriate remedy in this case for the following reasons. As discussed above, I have found the conditions of both the 2003 CU approval and the 2006 LM approval were substantially violated by the intentional removal of vegetation from the Olivieris' property and the subject property. Preservation of vegetation between the approved building envelope and Sisemore Road was an essential basis for the previous CU and LM approvals for a non-visible dwelling located outside the 300 -foot road setback. The property owners' violations were serious and easily could have been avoided by the property owners' exercise of minimal due diligence. And the property owners have not convincingly demonstrated their proposed corrective measures will be effective within the three-year time frame they propose for construction of a dwelling on the approved building envelope. If the re -vegetation and site restoration proposed by the property owners does in fact provide adequate screening and "equal or better" wildlife habitat in three years, the property owners can re -apply for CU and LM permits for their dwelling. V. DECISION: Based on the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, the Hearings Officer hereby DECLARES the county met its burden of demonstrating: 1. the property owners' removal of vegetation from the subject property and the adjacent Olivieri property constituted a substantial violation of Condition 6(c) of the 2003 decision approving a conditional use permit to establish a nonfarm dwelling on the subject property (CU -02-124, MC -02-17) and Condition 5 of the 2006 decision approving a non- visible LM site plan review to establish a nonfarm dwelling on the subject property (LM - 06 -13, MC -06-2); 2. the property owners have not demonstrated that their proposed mitigation plan will provide adequate screening of a 2 -story dwelling on the approved building envelope from Sisemore Road to make it "non-visible" under their previous LM approval; 3. the property owners have not demonstrated that their proposed mitigation plan will provide "equal or better" wildlife habitat justifying approval of a dwelling on the approved building envelope and more than 300 feet from Sisemore Road; and therefore 4. the previously issued CU permit (CU -02-124, MC -02-17) and LM permits (LM -06-13, Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 21 of 22 MC -06-2) ARE REVOKED. Dated this c2/r-day of November, 2007. Mailed this 6 day of November, 2007. Karen H. Green, Hearings Officer THIS DECISION BECOMES FINAL TWELVE DAYS AFTER MAILING UNLESS TIMELY APPEALED. Peery DR -07-3, A-07-2 (E-07-2) Page 22 of 22