HomeMy WebLinkAbout2324-8 Fair and Expo Cash Handling Report (Final 2-5-24)Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Fair and Expo Cash Handling
The Office of County Internal Audit:
Elizabeth Pape, CIA, CFE – County Internal Auditor
Aaron Kay – Performance Auditor
Audit committee:
Daryl Parrish, Chair - Public member
Jodi Burch – Public member
Joe Healy - Public member
Kristin Toney - Public member
Summer Sears – Public member
Stan Turel - Public member
Patti Adair, County Commissioner
Charles Fadeley, Justice of the Peace
Lee Randall, Facilities Director
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or send email to internal.audit@Deschutes.org
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Recommendations
5
Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Table of Contents:
1. Introduction .................................................................................. 1
Background on Fair and Expo ....................................................................................... 1
2. Finding: Incomplete financial procedures increase risks ....... 4
3. Management Response ............................................................... 9
4. Appendix A: Objective, Scope, and Methodology .................. 11
Objectives and Scope ................................................................................................... 12
Methodology ................................................................................................................. 13
Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor
Highlights:
Why we performed
this audit:
As a money-making
County enterprise, Fair
and Expo has a higher
revenue-related risk-
profile than other
County departments.
What we
recommended:
We recommended that
Fair and Expo
management:
• conduct a fraud risk
assessment and
implement
procedures to
address risks.
• outline major
financial processes
and determine
whether any roles
are conflicting.
• design efficient
reconciliation
processes between
financial systems.
• document security
controls for all
financial
information
systems.
Fair and Expo Cash Handling
What we found:
We found that Fair and Expo did not have complete
policies and procedures to ensure that revenue due to
the organization was received and deposited. Fair and
Expo had not conducted assessments to document
risks in areas such as:
• overall fraud risks,
• segregation of duties within financial processes,
• risks associated with using separate financial
information systems, and
• information system user access and transaction
authority.
Despite a vulnerable control environment, we did not
observe any instances of fraud or theft.
Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 1 of 13
1. Introduction
The Deschutes County Audit Committee authorized the review of
cash handling practices for the Fair and Expo Center in the
Internal Audit Program Work Plan for 2024-2025. Internal audits
of fiscal controls are routinely performed for identified County
departments or functions. Audit objectives, scope, and
methodology can be found in Appendix A.
Background on Fair and Expo
The Fair and Expo Center is a County-operated 320-acre facility
located in Redmond. Fair and Expo’s largest event is the annual
Deschutes County Fair, but it also hosts over 400 events annually
with an emphasis on events supporting youth, agriculture, and
community. In addition to events, Fair and Expo operates a 105-
space RV park, which is open year-round. Fair and Expo supports
County operations by acting as a response and evacuation center,
as well as a staging area for fires and other disasters. Most
recently, it served as the host site for the Deschutes County
Circuit Court during the Covid-19 pandemic.
The County classifies Fair and Expo finances as an enterprise fund
due to the department’s business-like operations aimed at
generating revenue to sustain its operations. In addition to
revenue generated directly by Fair and Expo, operations are
supplemented by County transient room tax.
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Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 2 of 13
Since 2019 revenue has been variable but is trending up. 1
Source: Deschutes County Financial Information
Fair and Expo revenue is comprised of a few different categories,
with the largest source being event revenue. These are fees that
are paid by outside organizers who rent Fair and Expo facilities
for private events. These include large events such as music
festivals and small events such as weddings.
1 The audit did not include funds assigned to the Annual County Fair, the County Fair Food and Beverage Fund, the
Fair and Expo Food and Beverage Fund or the RV Park. These funds have either been the subject of recent audits or
will be the subject of future audits in fiscal year 2024 or 2025.
Figure I
Fair and Expo
revenue increased
from $910,000 in
2019 to $1.2 million in
2023.
Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 3 of 13
Source: Deschutes County Financial Information
Other categories of revenue are much smaller comprising of
signage rights, horse stall rentals, RV storage, camping, vending
machine revenue, and other smaller categories.
Source: Deschutes County Financial Information
Fair and Expo staffing has increased since Fiscal Year 2022 from
Figure II
Event revenue
fluctuated from 2019
to 2023
Figure III
Smaller Fair and Expo
revenue streams
Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 4 of 13
12.5 full-time equivalent employees to 17.5 in 2024. Operations
staff grew from 7 to 10.75. Administrative staff experienced a
smaller increase, from 5.5 to 6.75.
Source: Deschutes County Budget Books
2. Finding: Incomplete financial procedures increase risks
As a business-type County enterprise, Fair and Expo has a higher
revenue-related risk-profile than other County departments or
elected offices which are more public service oriented. Yet Fair
and Expo did not have complete policies and procedures to
ensure that revenue due to the organization was received and
deposited. Fair and Expo had not conducted assessments to
document risks in areas such as overall fraud risks, segregation of
duties within financial processes, risks associated with using
separate financial information systems, and information system
user access and transaction authority. Despite a vulnerable
control environment, we did not observe any instances of fraud
or theft.
Fair and Expo did not have comprehensive financial policies and
procedures even though they are required by County policy. Staff
verbally explained some procedures, but not all were
documented. Documented procedures were limited to
Figure IV
Operations staff
increased more than
Administrative staff.
Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 5 of 13
information system instructions with screen shots. They did not
include other critical processes such as custody, reconciliation,
and reporting. The absence of substantial documented
procedures appears to be long-standing and was noted by
auditors in a 2007 report.
Staff may not have prioritized documenting procedures because
they had not conducted a fraud risk assessment of their
operations. Fraud risk assessments serve as the foundation for
developing a robust and comprehensive set of procedures within
an organization. Conducting a fraud risk assessment before
designing procedures will help staff understand the importance
of procedures and why they must be followed. By identifying
potential vulnerabilities and weaknesses, Fair and Expo can
proactively address and mitigate the risk of fraudulent activities
through the design and implementation of tailored procedures
specific to their unique working environment. By documenting
the assessment process, the department creates the framework
for long-term resilience, continuous learning, and adaptive
capabilities for any future improvements.
1. Fair and Expo management should conduct a fraud risk
assessment and document outcomes.
2. Fair and Expo management should document procedures to
address the risks identified in the fraud risk assessment.
Policies governing cash controls are in place to keep people from
stealing money from the County, but they can also seem
redundant or inefficient. Without documented policies staff may
engage in high-risk activities that seem to increase efficiency but
also increase the likelihood of fraud. Auditors observed multiple
cases of high-risk business activities where internal controls were
missing or insufficient.
Staff assigned conflicting duties.
There are fewer eyes on the process, and it is easier to conceal
Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 6 of 13
theft when there are conflicting duties. For example, at a high
level the process of booking an event through posting it in the
County financial system involved four steps.
There were too many duties concentrated in the Staff B role. Of
particular concern is that the same person made bank deposits
and reconciled the financial system with the reservation and
invoicing systems. These duties should always be performed by
different people when possible. If duties cannot be separated,
other controls need to be put in place.
County financial policy requires directors to design and
implement effective cash handling controls, including adequate
segregation of duties.
In addition to putting more eyes on the process, segregating
duties also creates opportunities for cross training and
succession planning. There are a few different options for
segregating duties. Fair and Expo may need to add staff to
distribute duties more effectively. As noted in the Background
section, the number of Operations staff has increased faster than
Administrative staff. Other options include re-assigning duties to
other existing staff or implementing dual controls where two staff
work together to complete a task.
Staff A generate the booking and reservation.
They enter it into software which generates an
invoice.
Staff B takes in-person and mailed payments,
keeps them in a locked drawer, and makes bank
deposits.
Staff B enters payments into the County's
financial system.
Staff B reconciles the County Financial System
to reservation and invoicing systems once a
week.
Figure V
Most duties were
performed by one
person, creating
conflicts.
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Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 7 of 13
3. When designing procedures, Fair and Expo management
should outline major financial processes, along with staff
assigned to specific activities, and determine whether any
roles are conflicting.
Manual reconciliation process was inefficient and led to less
confidence about finances.
Fair and Expo used three different software packages to process
events: Event Pro (reservations and booking), Square (invoicing
and payments), and Munis (financial reporting). A fourth system
was used for RV storage. It was not possible to automatically
reconcile transactions in these systems. In a sample of 20 events
from Fiscal Year 2023, there were discrepancies between systems
for eight events. There were no missing transactions, but the
reconciliation process was inefficient and required help from Fair
and Expo staff researching records. This is a long-standing finding
and was noted by auditors in 2007.
The software systems are not integrated, so reconciliation
between systems was manual. Staff relied on an excel
spreadsheet with date and event names to track transactions
between systems, but the process was inefficient and based on
text and date fields that did not always correspond.
Transactions in one system could easily be missing from others.
With a manual reconciliation process, there is less confidence that
all booked events were invoiced and that all receipts were
entered into the County's financial system. It is also less efficient
because it takes longer to track transactions between systems.
County financial policy requires directors to design and
implement effective cash handling controls. Effective controls for
information systems include communication networks for linking
technology and reconciliation of systems.
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Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 8 of 13
4. Fair and Expo management should design and document an
efficient reconciliation process across systems. It might be
helpful to create a log of unique identifiers from each system
to record how records relate to one another.
Staff shared the password to payment software.
County Information Technology policy requires that employees
keep passwords confidential and change them frequently.
Multiple Fair and Expo staff shared the same password to access
event invoicing and payment software. The account was assigned
to the generic public contact email address. Staff had not
configured the software for multiple users.
Without unique accounts, multiple staff could delete bookings or
change the bank account information without being identified.
The risk was higher because the software was web-based and did
not require logging into the County network for access. The
password was also kept in binders at terminals, so anyone with
access to the building could also access sensitive financial
information. Even former employees could have access because
staff did not change the password on the account for ten months.
Since the start of the audit, staff have set up unique user profiles
with passwords and multifactor identification. They now have
Figure VI
Instructions, including
the shared password,
were kept in binders
at every Square
terminal. (username
and password
redacted in this
image, but available
in the original
document)
Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 9 of 13
distinct roles; for example, only the Deschutes County Chief
Financial Officer can change the bank account. Each staff member
has their own identifier and password. But these improvements
did not address the underlying cause, management had not
documented data security controls including system access and
who can execute transactions.
5. Fair and Expo management should document data security
controls for all financial information systems including who
has access to data and rights to execute transactions. Each
user should have unique access credentials.
3. Management Response
Fair & Expo Cash Handling Audit
Management Responses
First and foremost, Fair & Expo appreciates working with the Audit department and
their willingness to engage and discuss items, and to work to understand the unique
intricacies of the Fair & Expo department, its enterprise fund status, and the
operations of the Fair & Expo department. While we may not fully agree with all
related findings or elements, we do appreciate the opportunity to share our
perspective, and the additional consideration shown by the Internal Audit team in
areas of concern.
Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 10 of 13
Fair & Expo also believes it is key to identify, as the Cash Handling Audit identifies,
that despite recommendations for improved documentation or improved control
strategies, no instances of fraud or theft were observed or identified.
Incomplete financial procedures increase risks.
1: Fair & Expo management should conduct a fraud risk assessment and document
outcomes.
We agree with this recommendation. Fair & Expo has informally conducted
fraud risk assessments on an ongoing basis, without documentation. Moving
forward, a formalized and documented fraud risk Assessment will be conducted on a
regular basis.
2: Fair & Expo management should document procedures to address the risks
identified in the fraud risk assessment.
We agree with this recommendation. Fair & Expo has informally conducted
fraud risk assessments on an ongoing basis, without documentation. Moving
forward, a formalized and documented fraud risk assessment will be conducted on a
regular basis. This documentation will be utilized to formulate, or update
documented financial procedures.
Staff assigned conflicting duties.
3: When designing procedures, Fair & Expo management should outline major
financial processes, along with staff assigned to specific activities, and determine
whether any roles are conflicting.
We agree with this recommendation and are working to create separation or
clarity and/or documented steps between assigned financial duties. In the current
system, while an individual employee may perform multiple duties, multiple parties
have access to/or awareness of the activities to provide additional layers of oversight
and to identify any item that may be out of compliance.
Manual Reconciliation process was inefficient and led to less confidence about
finance.
4: Fair and Expo management should design and document an efficient reconciliation
Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 11 of 13
process across systems. It might be helpful to create a log of unique identifiers from
each system to record how records relate to one another.
We agree with this recommendation; however, our current systems are not
compatible with this recommendation. Fair & Expo has proactively researched new
computer systems that are capable of handling the complex process necessary to
operate as an enterprise fund; and to reconcile as a County Department. F&E went as
far as to make an investment in new software, that ultimately was unable to improve
upon current concerns; as well as working with Deschutes County IT to try to design a
custom solution; both without success. To date, no single system has been identified
as a solution; but efforts are ongoing.
Staff shared the password to payment software.
5: Fair and Expo management should document data security controls for all
financial information systems including who has access to data and rights to execute
transactions. Each user should have unique access credentials.
We agree with this recommendation. During the audit it was discovered that
the software utilized had made updates, allowing for new controls to be put in place.
F&E worked with Deschutes County Finance to adjust software, and shared
passwords are no longer utilized.
Deschutes County Fair & Expo Center 3800 Airport Way, Redmond OR 97756 (541) 548-2711 EXPO.DESCHUTES.ORG
4. Appendix A: Objective, Scope, and Methodology
The County Internal Auditor was created by the Deschutes County
Code as an independent office conducting performance audits to
provide information and recommendations for improvement.
The audit included limited procedures to understand the systems
Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 12 of 13
of internal control around revenues. Audit findings result from
incidents of non-compliance with stated procedures and/or
departures from prudent operation. The findings are, by nature,
subjective. The audit disclosed certain policies, procedures and
practices that could be improved. The audit was neither designed
nor intended to be a detailed study of every relevant system,
procedure, or transaction. Accordingly, the opportunities for
improvement presented in the report may not be all-inclusive of
areas where improvement may be needed and does not replace
efforts needed to design an effective system of internal control.
Management has responsibility for the system of internal
controls, including monitoring internal controls on an ongoing
basis to ensure that any weaknesses or non-compliance are
promptly identified and corrected. Internal controls provide
reasonable but not absolute assurance that an organization’s
goals and objectives will be achieved.
Objectives and Scope
Objectives included:
1. Review of internal controls for cash handling with the Fair
and Expo Center as outlined in County Finance policy for
cash handling (F-11). Identify areas to improve efficiency
and effectiveness. Additionally, review management of any
change cash, petty cash, receipts, credit cards, judgements,
collections, and billings, as applicable.
2. Be aware of any issues with compliance with federal and
state regulations and requirements, as may be applicable.
Scope and timing:
The audit occurred in October – December 2023. Included in
review of cash handling of Fair and Expo accounting for Fund
6159651. The audit did not include funds assigned to the Annual
“Audit objectives”
define the goals of
the audit.
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Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 13 of 13
County Fair, the County Fair Food and Beverage Fund, the Fair
and Expo Food and Beverage Fund or the RV Park. These funds
have either been the subject of recent audits or will be the subject
of future audits in fiscal year 2024 or 2025. The focus of the
review was on event revenue, rentals, and other small payments.
The scope of the audit did not include all aspects of the internal
controls employed.
Methodology
Audit procedures included:
• Interviewing staff related to cash handling, receipting, and
billing procedures (staff reviewed and answered the
County’s cash handling checklist provided in the Deschutes
County cash handling policy F-11).
• Reviewing documents provided.
• Reviewing and analyzing receipt transaction data for the
identified funds; and
• Reconciling transactions between systems. We relied on a
random sample of 20 transactions out of a population of
237. With 8 discrepancies identified, the projection to the
population is between 46 and 144 discrepancies at the 95%
confidence level.
We conducted this performance audit in accordance with
generally accepted government auditing standards. Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
sufficient, appropriate evidence to provide a reasonable basis for
our findings and conclusions based on our audit objectives. We
believe that the evidence obtained provides a reasonable basis
for our findings and conclusions based on our audit objectives.
(2018 Revision of Government Auditing Standards, issued
by the Comptroller General of the United States.)
Audit procedures are
created to address
the audit objectives.
Fair and Expo Center—Cash Handling—#23/24-8 February 2024
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor
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