HomeMy WebLinkAboutF0109 Custom Software Flw-up PUBLISHED 3-11-25To request this information in an alternate format, please call (541) 330-
4674 or send email to internal.audit@Deschutes.org
Custom Developed Software Follow-up Report: New
policy implemented; additional improvements
planned.
March 2025 Our 2024 audit of custom developed software found increasing
reliance on decentralized information technology without robust
governance, documentation, and oversight to mitigate custom
software development risks. Nine months later, the Information
Technology Department created a new policy to guide software
development across departments but additional procedures to
increase security, efficiency, and performance were still in the
planning stages.
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 1 of 7
Audit Follow-up Report: March 2025
Custom Developed Software
Recommendation Status Key:
Outdated technology policies, some nearly 20 years old, did not
address system architecture documentation for custom software
raising the risk of incomplete security practices. We recommend
that Information Technology develop and implement a policy for
custom-software development identifying security and privacy
requirements for all projects throughout the County. The
Department prioritized developing a policy for custom developed
software, stating, “We cannot afford to underestimate the
consequences of security incidents, as any self-inflicted incident
could have severe financial and reputational repercussions for
the County as a whole.” As of March 2025, a policy was
substantially complete with expected final approval by the Board
of County Commissioners in the Spring.
Department software developers did not have a consistent
approach to coding and County technology policies did not
include unified coding standards. Without a documented process,
software implementation faced inefficiencies, inconsistencies,
delays, errors, and increased costs. We recommended that
Information Technology develop and implement a policy for
2
Resolved
11
In Process
0
Accept Risk
Management addressed risk.
Auditors will no longer monitor.
Recommendations are in
progress. Auditors will continue
to monitor.
Management accepted the risk of
not implementing the
recommendation.
New custom-developed software policy nearly
complete.
Uniform coding standards to be adopted.
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 2 of 7
Audit Follow-up Report: March 2025
Custom Developed Software
custom-software development, defining unified coding standards
for all County developers. The Department stated that unified
coding standards would “ensure that all developers operate from
the same playbook, promoting coherence and efficiency in our
coding practices” promoting efficiency, collaboration,
transparency, and accountability. A proposed policy included
coding standards and was substantially complete as of March
2025, with final approval expected by the Board of County
Commissioners in the Spring.
Staff in various departments made decisions about software
without documenting risks or countywide considerations about
performance and security. We recommended that Information
Technology lead the way in developing a central advisory body to
drive a project-centric investment process to support executive
decision making. The Department agreed that establsihing of an
advisory body would be a great step towards enhancing the
technology investment process, but also noted that it would take
a significant amount of effort, as many as 240 hours of work. Staff
estimated a completion date of December 2026. At the time of
the March 2025 update, the Department had not reported any
specific steps taken to establish the committee.
Departmental staff did not have countywide information about
the full cost of custom software and in some cases considered
custom software to be "free" despite potentially higher costs than
commercial products. We recommended that Information
Technology develop and implement a policy for custom-software
Software advisory body planned.
Cost framework delayed for input from
advisory body.
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 3 of 7
Audit Follow-up Report: March 2025
Custom Developed Software
development, outlining a standardized methodology for
determining costs associated with projects throughout the
County. The Department agreed a framework would improve
transparency and accountability, but but felt a countywide
advisory committee would add a business perspective to
technical decision making. Staff anticipated forming the
committee would be significant work, with completion expected
by June 2027. As of March 2025, the Department had not
reported any steps toward establishing the committee or creating
a cost methodology.
Central Information Technology staff inherited custom software
when department developers left, sometimes unaware of these
projects, leading to unexpected maintenance costs. We
recommended that Information Technology develop and
implement a policy requiring annual reporting of all software
applications used by each department and elected office to
ensure an updated inventory is maintained. The Department
agreed that identifying assets supports lifecycle management but
emphasized the need for cooperation from other departments.
They anticipated creating a policy for manadtory reporting by
June 2027. At the time of the March 2025 update, the Department
had not reported any specific steps taken to create a policy.
Developers inconsistently recorded software architecture
resulting in gaps in understanding and documentation of security
and privacy requirements. We recommended Central Information
Technology develop and implement a policy for custom-software
For the time-being, reliance
on other departments to identify software.
County continued to depend on employees for
institutional knowledge about software.
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 4 of 7
Audit Follow-up Report: March 2025
Custom Developed Software
development incorporating formal documentation of system
architecture for all projects throughout the County. The
Department committed to implementation and noted risks
associated with siloed software development stating “in today's
dynamic technological landscape, relying solely on individual
employees to hold institutional knowledge is a risk and no longer
a sustainable practice.” The Department anticipated completing
the recommendation by June 2027, and did not report any
progress for the March 2025 update.
There was no independent quality review for most custom
applications because most invovled only one developer in design.
This not only fostered departmental and developer siloing but
also heightened the risk of software flaws. We recommended that
Central Information Technology develop and implement a policy
for custom-software development, defining standardized testing
conditions and criteria for all projects throughout the County. The
Department accepted the recommendation because testing
conditions and criteria “not only streamline our testing processes
but also create opportunities for mutual support and
collaboration.” The Department anticipated completing the
recommendation by June 2027, and did not report any progress
for the March 2025 update.
Staff did not keep some applications in a secure repository that
could ensure source code protection and version control. Version
control not only tracks modifications made to the code but also
provides the ability to revert to previous versions if needed,
New system for independent software testing
still in progress.
Secure repository for software development
delayed due to budget issues.
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 5 of 7
Audit Follow-up Report: March 2025
Custom Developed Software
thereby protecting against accidental or malicious changes during
testing. We recommended that Central Information Technology
provide access to the secure repository for all County developers.
The Department recognized the importance of this
recommendation, and hoped to implement it by September 2025.
However, providing access to the repository required a $1,800
investment which was not included in the Fiscal Year 2026
budget. The Department was still planning to implement the
recommendation.
To support the development of software-related service
agreements, we recommended Central Information Technology
develop and implement a policy for custom-software
development, requiring comprehensive system and user
documentation for software applications throughout the County.
The Department stated that it was already documenting aspects
of software applications, but that standardization would increase
documentation efficiency while also making it easier for end-
users to access documentation to navigate, use, and troubleshoot
software. The Department anticipated completing the
recommendation by June 2027, and did not report any progress
for the March 2025 update.
Developers and software stakeholders did not formally document
the purpose, scope, roles, responsibilities, management
commitment, or coordination between departments and elected
offices for deployed custom developed software. Without clear
agreements in place, there was a heightened risk of
Policy for comprehensive system and user
documentation still in development.
Software services agreements planned
but not in place.
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 6 of 7
Audit Follow-up Report: March 2025
Custom Developed Software
inconsistencies, misunderstandings, and mismanagement of
software deployment processes. We recommended that Central
Information Technology establish internal agreements with
departments requesting developed software or when inheriting
maintenance responsibilities. The Department committed to
implement agreements to clarify service expectations and
resource requirements, but noted that it would take significant
work to create agreements for the many already built solitions
across the County. The Department anticipated completing the
recommendation by June 2027, and did not report any progress
for the March 2025 update
There was not a policy to guide software maintenance including
identifying and fixing bugs or errors, implementing updates or
patches to address vulnerabilities, optimizing performance, and
change management. We recommended that Central Information
Technology develop and implement a policy for custom-software
development maintenance protocols throughout the County. The
Department agreed, stating “Security issues are a significant
concern in today's digital landscape, and regular maintenance is
essential for mitigating these risks.” The Department anticipated
completing the recommendation by June 2027, and did not report
any progress for the March 2025 update.
Staff maintained custom software, but did not track maintenance
costs or time spent. We recommended that Central Information
Technology continue efforts to capture data for maintaining
custom-developed software and make those tools available to
Policy for custom software maintenance
planned for completion in 2027.
Staff planning to track maintenance costs
but no progress reported.
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor Page 7 of 7
Audit Follow-up Report: March 2025
Custom Developed Software
other information technology personnel. The Department had
already identified this need and noted that real-time data would
help optimize resources and mitigate risks. The department
acknowledged that this was a large project that would take
significant labor to roll out, but with a budget of $30,000 a year, it
planned to complete the recommendation by June 2025. It did not
report any progress for the March 2025 update.
Staff could not access data about software maintenance to assess
software performance to aid decisions about whether to update
or retire software. We recommended that Central Information
Technology use collected data to create performance measures
for custom-developed software. The Department planned to
implement the recommendation and noted several ptoential
advantages: understanding sucesses, insights about value and
effiency, understanding whether solutions continue to meet
evolving needs, and identifying when software should be retired.
The Department anticipated completing the recommendation by
June 2027, and did not report any progress for the March 2025
update.
Next Steps: We will continue to report on the status of audit
recommendations in our Global Follow-up Report at the end of
each calendar year.
Custom software performance measures
still in development.
Deschutes County Office of the Internal Auditor
Audit Follow-up Report: Custom Developed Software
The mission of the Office of Internal Audit is to improve the performance of Deschutes
County government and to provide accountability to residents. We examine and
evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency, and equity of operations through an objective,
disciplined, and systematic approach.
The Office of Internal Audit: Audit committee:
Elizabeth Pape – County Internal Auditor Daryl Parrish, Chair - Public member Phil Anderson – Public member
Jodi Burch – Public member
Phone: 541-330-4674 Joe Healy - Public member
Email: internal.audit@deschutes.org Summer Sears – Public member
Web: www.deschutes.org/auditor Kristin Toney - Public member
Patti Adair, County Commissioner
Charles Fadeley, Justice of the Peace
Lee Randall, Facilities Director
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